...Memory is one of the most important attributes that we as humans have access to. Memory involves the power to store experiences and bring them forward into the field of consciousness. However remembering issues as memories that are completely false is known as false memory syndrome (FMS). False memory syndrome can occur when you experience a traumatic or life changing event and you can’t recall the memories you experienced from that day properly but are strongly convinced that they happened to you. most people tend to recall memories not as exact as they happened because of events that occurred prior and preceding it that can alter the way we remember how they happened. However False memories are complete made up experiences that never took...
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...Elizabeth Loftus: Biography and False Memoires Psy/310 When looking at the field of psychology, we will learn about males who have contributed to the growth of psychology. Some examples of men we study in beginners psychology are E.G Boring, Robert I. Watson and of course Sigmund Freud. There is little mention of females who have contributed to psychology. Why is it that females are not really mentioned in the history of psychology? Females have contributed to the growth of psychology just as men have. A woman that has spent her whole life trying to understand memory is Elizabeth Loftus. We will begin with a short biography and also touch on how she has helped psychology to grow. Elizabeth Loftus was born Elizabeth Fishman on October 16, 1944 to Sidney and Rebecca Fishman in Los Angeles, California (Born, 1997). She was raised in Bel Air with both her parents. Then in 1959 her mother passed away, she had drowned in a swimming pool when Loftus was only 14 years old. Loftus wanted to be a high school math teacher, but after attending a psychology class at UCLA she changed her mind. She continued in school to receive her Bachelors in 1966 in math and psychology. She met Geoffrey Loftus in 1968 while attending graduate school at Stanford, and married him. While attending Stanford she was introduced to the study of long term memory and was very interested in this subject. Loftus got her Masters in 1967. She continued her education at Stanford and got her Ph...
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...Memories are what make us human, being able to recall an event and being able to remember precise details. However, how many details do we actually remember? When remembering certain information we can alter what occurred based on what we thought should have happened, and what the event actually pertains to. Researchers have concluded that we tend to add misinformation because it’s what we hoped would occur; and when recalling a traumatic experience we tend to exaggerate what actually happened. The purpose of this study was to identify how many details participants could remember after watching a video. Two groups will be exposed to a video; one group will watch a car accident and the other will watch a music video. However, both groups will be responsible for recalling everything they have witnessed. I plan to use students that attend Mount Saint Mary College. I am going to pick a sample of people from each year and class to total a number of 100 students. After this I will separate all the people into random groups, having 50 placed in the experimental group and 50 placed in the control group. After they have finished viewing the videos, I will measure how much of the videos they can remember. I argue that our memories for events are often different than what actually happened based on what scenario we are exposed to. Introduction...
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...1.Identify the central issue or argument from a social/behavioral (psychology) disciplinary perspective. The central issue from this video is that people create false memories in their head that can effect their mental health and the peoples around them. People have been falsely accused of crimes due to false memories and people going to psychotherapy can create false memories through imagination, dream interpretation, hypnosis, and exposure to false information. 2.Identify the evidence used by Elizabeth to support the central issue or argument. Elizabeth uses the case of Steve Titus, a innocent man sent to jail for a crime he didn’t do who later lost everything important in his life and eventually died of a stress related heart attack. Steve...
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...Psychological studies have demonstrated that it is essentially difficult to differentiate between a genuine memory and one that is a result of fantasy or invention. Periodically, recollections can be contrary to fact on the grounds that they are logically impossible. Even more particularly, when individuals encounter a genuine incident they frequently gain new data about the incident later. This new data can corrupt the memory. This can happen when the individual converses with others or is asked leading questions. Post-event suggestion can adjust memory from a genuine event; it can make completely false recollections. In recent years, new research has indicated exactly how to make an individual recollect entire incidents that never happened...
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...“accurate” figures can be falsified. History can be written, erased, and rewritten to suit those in positions of power. In 1984, the Party controls history through the manipulation of memory with “reality control” or in Newspeak, “doublethink”. By controlling memory, they are able to control the past by manipulating the Party members into thinking that something happened, even though it may not have, and vice versa. In Oceania, Newspeak is the official language. It is a language that is very vague as it is abbreviated and is the “only language in the world whose vocabulary gets smaller every year” (Orwell 52). Newspeak’s diminishing vocabulary causes it to become vaguer and vaguer, and narrows the range of thought. According to Syme, “every concept that can ever be needed will be expressed by exactly one word”, this indicates that when information is given by the Party, it can easily be...
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...1) Explicit memory is a memory that can be intentionally and consciously remembered. With implicit memory, is a functional form of memory that cannot be consciously recalled. 2) An example of explicit memory would be learning a new topic in school and reciting the information the next day. An example of implicit memory is hearing and recognizing a song and singing it. 3) An example of context dependent memory is when you lose an item and recall where you left it. 4) By characterizing good feelings with studying is a good way of helping to recall the information, for example someone who likes chocolate, could eat It while they study in turn helping them recall the information. 5) An example of proactive interference would be someone getting...
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...Following the recent sensation of using therapy to recover memories from one’s past, there is increasing concern over whether or not these “recovered” memories are indeed genuine. While certain memory recovering procedures appear to be designed to help a patient relax and serve to draw out old memories, often times, patients can be so eager to recover some memory from their past that they in fact create a false illusion in their head of an event in order to help better explain an unknown part of their past. Just because an event described appears and sounds genuine, does not mean that the event has actually occurred. While the patient can be the cause for creating a false memory so too can the therapist. Suggestive influences are likely to enhance the plausibility of a memory in the mind of a patient. It is easy to be lead to a conclusion by someone who you’re trusting to help you find answers. Suggestive procedures play a role in outcomes for other experiments and it is no different when conducting experiments about false memories. Persuasive information from the media can also play a role in the minds of people, as they all believe that if they’re hearing or reading about recovered memories on the television or radio than it is possible they might have some as well. Another concern about the validity of recovered memories is the potential of false testimony from patients, as they may not want to share what actually happened. This would likely stem from some sort of traumatic event...
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...The Process of Inducing False Memories in a Subject. The history of false memories has been clarified, but now it is time to be enlightened on how inducing false memories work. The process of inducing a false memory in a person is not complex as previously demonstrated by history itself. There are a couple of examples of un-trained people “treating” other people and inducing memories by accident. As a matter of fact there are case in which formally trained modern clinical psychologist have been treating people and have induced false memories by accident. So, in order to induce a false memory it may be easier than you think. The hallmark of most false memories that have occurred in most documented case, is that they are dramatic in nature....
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...“Critically consider how advances in fMRI scanning have contributed to our understanding of the systems, processes and functions of human memory.” Introduction: The aim of this essay is to critically consider the advances in fMRI scanning to our understanding of the systems, processes and functions of human memory. fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) is a functional neuroimaging procedure using MRI technology that measures brain activity by detecting associated changes in blood flow. We are going to explore these three areas in depth, finding support and critiques for each one. As this is a big debate in neuropsychology there are several theorists supporting this debate and also critiques that have different views on this subject. Memory is the process in which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved. Encoding allows information from the outside world to reach the five senses in the forms of chemical and physical stimuli. Without a memory of the past we are unable to operate in the present and think about in the future. Henson 2006 used fMRI to compare single and dual processes of recognition memory. According to single processes items that are presented and remembered compared to those that are seen familiar (knowing) differ only in memory strength. However dual processes state that the ‘remember’ and ‘know’ judgements are qualitatively different as they rely on two distinct memory processes. Therefore Henson 2006 argued that any qualitative fMRI data between...
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...of elementary memories, such as memory construction, encoding specificity, retroactive interference, flashbulb memories, Ebbinghaus forgetting curve. One of the factors contributing to this is memory construction, which is the creation of false memories due to imagination and can lead to imagination inflation. This can affect her memories of elementary school because as a child, Val had a greater imagination which may have led...
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...case of 17-year-old Francisco Carrillo, who was wrongfully convicted of a crime he never committed. Carrillo was convicted of the murder of Donald Sarpy and sentenced to two life sentences after being identified by six teenagers, one the son of the victim, as the culprit. Fraser is a forensic neurophysiologist who has experience in eyewitness memory identification testimonies and the nature of night vision. He was perfectly tailored to explain why it was impossible for the teens to have clearly seen who was driving the car that shot the father mostly due to the lighting outside and inside the criminals' vehicle. Moreover, in class we discussed the fallibility and malleability of memory. At any given moment, we only pick up bits and pieces of what's going on around us. These pieces of information from our senses goes into our short-term then long-term memory if properly encoded. Based off the evidence Fraser...
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...It’s impossible to accurately assess the accuracy of someone’s memory unless there is actual physical evidence that a certain thing happened such as photo or auditory evidence. How detailed or confident someone is in the accuracy of their memory is not a good indicator of how accurate their memory actually is. Generate a list of 10 words you think could create a false memory. What specific word/words do you think people might falsely remember after being presented with this list? List of 10 words: car, motorcycle, bike, drive, ride, speed, stop, engine, brake, and accelerate. Three words that people might falsely remember after being presented with this list are start, driver, and passenger. The words on the list bias the indivdual to possibly remember these three words falsely. Therefore an individual may falsely remember these words because they are very similar to and highly related to the words presented on the list. What kinds of implications do experiments on false memory have for evaluating the validity of eyewitness...
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...extremely important to get truthful and corroborated evidence. It is very easy for an interviewer to put false information into the minds of the interviewees which could in fact incarcerate the wrong person. Receiving eyewitness testimony must be done in a proper way to ensure the information of a particular event is correct. Proper Questions Interviewers must ask questions in a proper manner to ensure there are no bias answers. If questions are asked incorrectly, a person may give perceive changed memories....
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...According to Flow Psychology, (2016), it states, that eyewitness testimonies can be used to “shed light into the sequence of the events that constitute the crime.” Most times eyewitness testimonies are the only source of information about the event. To clarify, if there is very little information known about a certain case, an eyewitness testimony can provide some information about what happened. An eyewitness testimony can also clarify how the crime was committed, where it happened and who was involved. Nevertheless, there is evidence provided by Kersten, Neufeld, Risinger, Sherrer, and Siegel that this is not always true because eyewitness could produce false memories, have memory loss, or lie to their advantage. Flow Psychology is a reliable source because they are an organization that provides different perspectives on topics dealing with psychology; they also provide articles and videos dealing with psychological...
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