...Lovepreet Kaur Mr. Crowe AP European History The Renaissance-1 Textbook: pg. 338 to mid 343 16 January 2014 1. Why did the Renaissance first begin in Italy? The Renaissance first began in Italy because Italy had better resources. Anyone was able to go to Italy in search for a fresh start while bringing new ideas people never questioned. 2. Why was Florence at the heart of the Italian Renaissance? Florence was at the heart of the Italian Renaissance because it was started from Florence, and it was one of the wealthiest cities with significant power. The Medici family helped Florence become a cultural center for meetings or discussions about art. 3. What role did the Medici family play in the Renaissance Florence? The Medici family showed special interests for arts and literature, so they financed numerous art creations and get-togethers for the benefit of Florence. 4. Regarding humanism: -What are the characteristics of humanism? How is it different from medieval scholasticism? from nominalism? The characteristics of humanism include learning, anatomy, realism, reason, nature, youth, individualism, and perspective. Scholasticism was more orientated towards philosophers or theologians and it failed to offer moral guidance, however, humanism was about direct sources such as the bible or Latin/Greek classics. Nominalism is considered to believe that abstract or general terms are real, while humanism prefers human views. -Why is Petrarch considered...
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...Banking Built Florence The remnants of the past are still shown in the world today, many of them left unchanged. Medieval Guilds were one of the first attempts at grouping skilled laborers to accomplish a task. One of the most important guilds was the Banking Guild in Florence, Italy, which is largely responsible for the what the city and much of Europe is today. This guild ushered in a new type of architecture that was used for structures, funded famous and influential artists and scientists, and created a monetary system that was used throughout Europe. For these reasons the banking guild in Florence is largely believed to be one of the main reasons that contributed to the start of the Renaissance era. One of the most visual changes in Florence...
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...Why did the Renaissance first begin in Italy? The Renaissance first began in Italy because Italy had better resources. Anyone was able to go to Italy in search for a fresh start while bringing new ideas people never questioned. 2. Why was Florence at the heart of the Italian Renaissance? Florence was at the heart of the Italian Renaissance because it was started from Florence, and it was one of the wealthiest cities with significant power. The Medici family helped Florence become a cultural center for meetings or discussions about art. 3. What role did the Medici family play in the Renaissance Florence? The Medici family showed special interests for arts and literature, so they financed numerous art creations and get-togethers for the benefit of Florence. 4. Regarding humanism: -What are the characteristics of humanism? How is it different from medieval scholasticism? from nominalism? The characteristics of humanism include learning, anatomy, realism, reason, nature, youth, individualism, and perspective. Scholasticism was more orientated towards philosophers or theologians and it failed to offer moral guidance, however, humanism was about direct sources such as the bible or Latin/Greek classics. Nominalism is considered to believe that abstract or general terms are real, while humanism prefers human views. -Why is Petrarch considered to be the "Father of Humanism"? Petrarch is considered to be the father of humanism because he managed to put classical...
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...1450, Florence was known as the “birthplace of the Renaissance” due to its prosperous culture, art, architecture, and wealth. First originating as a western European territory and later an independent city-state, it grew to be one of the largest maritime trade centers during the 10th Century. Due to the its autonomy as a chartered city, Florence experienced a dramatic increase in wealth and commercial activities, coupled with economic reforms. Despite this, the focus on arts and architecture persisted throughout much of Florence’s history. Along the times of the Renaissance era, Florence developed into a wealthy city due to many factors. Fortunes were made through the banking and finances industry, and Florence became the primary banking center of Italy. The Medici family, who ruled as the dominant family in Florence beginning in the 14th century, ran a large bank that expanded to other major cities in Europe. They loaned money and operated other commercial activities as well. Merchants and textile industries also thrived in Florence. Unfinished inferior wool was purchased from England, Iberia, and northern cities, where it was then dyed and finished by Florentine textile workers who spun it into high quality...
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...sources will allow this paper to discuss how the Medici family played a strong and major role in Italian Renaissance, but more specifically in Florentine civilization. All the sources used for this research were carefully selected to get the best and most useful information about the Medici family, Florence, and Italian Renaissance. Most of the sources had more or less the same general information, with some sources giving more detail about certain topics than others. The first book used for this research was Renaissance: Great Ages of Man. This book was written by John R. Hale and editors from Time-Life Books. It was published by Time-Life Books Incorporated in 1965, Virginia. Because this book was mainly about the Renaissance period as a whole, it did not have as much information on the Medici family in comparison to the other sources, but instead expounded more on the Renaissance period itself and Florence. The way this book was written was similar to a very thick chapter book because looking at the pages was like...
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...1445, Florence [Italy]--d. May 17, 1510, Florence), Florentine early Renaissance painter whose Birth of Venus (c. 1485) and Primavera (1477-78) are often said to epitomize for modern viewers the spirit of the Renaissance. His ecclesiastical commissions included work for all the major churches of Florence and for the Sistine Chapel in Rome. His name is derived from his elder brother Giovanni, a pawnbroker, who was called Il Botticello ("The Little Barrel"). Although he was one of the most individual painters of the Italian Renaissance, Sandro Botticelli remained little known for centuries after his death. Then his work was rediscovered late in the 19th century by a group of artists in England known as the Pre-Raphaelites. Born Alessandro di Mariano Filipepi in Florence in 1445, Botticelli was apprenticed to a goldsmith. Later he was a pupil of the painter Fra Filippo Lippi. He spent all his life in Florence except for a visit to Rome in 1481-82. There he painted wall frescoes in the Sistine Chapel of the Vatican. In Florence, Botticelli was a protege of several members of the powerful Medici family. He painted portraits of the family and many religious pictures, including the famous The Adoration of the Magi. The most original of his paintings are those illustrating Greek and Roman legends. The best known are the two large panels Primavera and The Birth of Venus. The Adoration of the Magi 1470-75; Tempera on panel; 111 x 134 cm; Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence La...
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...The renaissance is one the most notable and one the most famous event or era to have ever taken place in history. It represented the “re birth movement” in Europe. A cultural movement that took place in the 14th century starting from Italy and then spreading out to the rest of Europe. The renaissance has enriched history with many things such as revolution, knowledge and has of course, its richness in art. There were a lot of objects, art pieces left from the renaissance that had they’re meaning and symbolism to everything that was happening in that time. Personally, the renaissance is my favorite piece of history that I have always enjoyed reading and researching about. Therefore I Have chosen 5 objects from the renaissance period that caught my eyes, and will further discuss them. The first Object I have chosen is “David” that was created by the great artist Michelangelo. It is a masterpiece of the renaissance sculpture that was created between 1501 and 1504. The statute is a 5.17 meter of a nude male standing, made out of marble. The nude man standing represents David, who was a biblical hero, a favored subject in the art of Florence. Since the statue was of a hero, it was used to symbolize the defense of civil liberties that were embodied in the republic of Florence, which was a city-state that was constantly threatened by surrounded more powerful states and the Medici family. The eyes on David’s face were believed to be positioned in a manner that he is overlooking to...
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...Dannette Tejeda 10/03/10 Family & Gender Comanducci Public Rituals of Marriages Flowers, a white gown, a venue or perhaps a church, family and friends, a ceremony, a reception, and above all love are the fundamental essentials for a wedding, let a lone a marriage. Yet, occasions such as weddings were not as passive in the fourteenth century as they are now. During the renaissance, weddings were not just the bond of two individual people who wished to be committed to each other by the law or their religion; but it was the binding of a patrilineal alliance and for that reason it was vital for all aspects of a marriage to be a public, communal spectacle. This notion took away from all that was personal from a woman as it was inscribed in her code of honor to accept her public passing from her father’s legal possession to her new husband. The wedding in itself had at the least four different steps, which were: the impalmamento, the sponsalia, the matrimonium, and the nozze. They were specific transactions because during the Renaissance women were in some terms irrelevant and were only allowed to walk the streets to attend masses in church. However, when these stages were taken in action, the publicity announced the benefit of the alliances made between families and that is what makes them so significant. The first stage towards a marriage was the impalmamento. The impalmamento signifies “engagement, a promise of marriage, specifically, as a confirmation of...
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...The Renaissance was a time of rebirth and changes in the lives of many people and many people’s views on how humanity functioned. After the calamitous 14th Century in which many people were murdered through wars, or die naturally by plague, the survivors started to look at the world in a whole new way. The philosophies of many people had changed after such near death experiences and the Renaissance blossomed from the Renaissance. The Medici family were catalyst to the Renaissance as the were patrons of the arts. Art was a crucial part of the renaissance as this changed the method in which people viewed life greatly and so created many new methods in portraying the mind of the artist. Two such great sculptors of the Renaissance were Donato di Niccolo di Betto Bardi and Michelangelo did Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni. Michelanglo and David are most famous for creating the sculptures of David from the High and Low Renaissance respectively. The sculptures’ of Donatello and Michelangelo are both drastically different, evidenced by the influences of their respective Patrons, the time period that the sculptures depicted and the symbolism behind each sculpture. The influences of the two sculptures are important to find out how the final result of each Sculpture was. Donatello’s David was commissioned by the Medici family, at the time it was thought out of the ordinary for a member or a group of government to commission a piece of art. The fact that the Medici commissioned this artwork...
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...the enemy while Donatello depicted David as a symbol what can be accomplished by even the smallest entity. His character and story have been interpreted and re-interpreted by many artists in different mediums. Donatello was was born in Florence in 1386. He was an early Renaissance artist who lived at the end of the Dark Ages. He is known as the artist whose work officially began the Italian Renaissance (“David”). Donatello was first introduced to Roman sculpture when he visited Rome with his master, Brunelleschi (“Donatello”). It was there that he carefully studied classical Roman sculptures. The studies he preformed in Rome greatly influenced him the rest of his life. He is known for making the first sculptures with classical influence after the Dark Ages. The influence of his Roman studies is shown in the natural flow of the statue, something which is not seen in any art of the Dark Ages. Michelangelo was born to a middle class banking family on March 6, 1475 in Caprese, Italy. When he was still a young man, his mother become deathly ill and was sent to live with stone cutters where he later stated, “"With my wet-nurse's milk, I sucked in the hammer and chisels I use for my statues." (“Michelangelo”). He was a famous late Renaissance sculptor and painter. He originally was apprenticed to a painter but soon found himself studying sculpture in the famous Medici gardens...
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...The Renaissance was the period from 1350-1600. The Renaissance began first in the city-states of Italy for many reasons. Although most of Europe had become a big economic crisis during the late Middle Ages, Italy managed to avoid everything and their towns remained important centers of Mediterranean trade and boost their production of textiles and luxury goods. Town life was bigger in Italy than in other parts of Europe. Therefore, most Italians could easily discard feudalism and other medieval institutions. Because Italy was wealthy and successful, they became independent city-states, each of which included a walled urban center and the surrounding countryside. The Italian city-states started a new social order. It was that wealth and ability mattered more than aristocratic titles and ownership of land. Wealthy merchants and bankers replaced the nobles in the upper class. Shopkeepers and artisans ranked below the wealthy merchants, forming a moderately prosperous middle class that employed a lot of poor workers. Most of these workers came from the countryside. And at the very bottom of the social ladder, were the peasants who worked on the country estates for the wealthy classes. During the Renaissance, Italy was not under one government, but was divided into the city-states. Each of these were ruled by wealthy families whose fortunes came from commercial trading or banking. A lot of times, workers rebelled against the upper classes. Their demands for equal rights and...
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...Giovanni and Lusanna Love and Marriage in Renassiance Florence Florence, Italy during the fourteenth century was a place that men and women didn't have individual freedom. They were not allowed to portray any personal identity outside of their social class; values and demands of their family, state, and church according to Jacob Burckhardt. Women of noble and aristocratic lineage during this period had limited rights, few opportunities, and they had no value in society. A woman of this time was viewed as passive and powerless objects. A women’s primary function was to bare children to maintain the family lineage. When it came to marriage they were arranged, young women typically married between the ages of twelve and eighteen to ensure that they were virgins on their wedding night. Men married in their early thirties to acquire a large enough fortune and status in society. Upon marriage they would gain a dowry from the bride's family, the dowry amount was based on the value of the groom. Marriage was a social and economic contract between families as well as to form alliances between families. The contract was typically sealed in a series of social rituals. There would be an exchange of gifts and rings; the wedding banquet displayed the grooms social position and assets. Giovanni and Lusanna, written by Gene Brucker is a tale of a Renaissance love affair that was taken to trial by Antonio the brother Lusanna to determine whether or not the two lovers were indeed married...
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...What Were the Characteristics of the Renaissance? In very simple terms, the Italian Renaissance re-established Western art according to the principles of classical Greek art, especially Greek sculpture and painting, which provided much of the basis for the Grand Tour, and which remained unchallenged until Pablo Picasso and Cubism. From the early 14th century, in their search for a new set of artistic values and a response to the courtly International Gothic style, Italian artists and thinkers became inspired by the ideas and forms of ancient Greece and Rome. This was perfectly in tune with their desire to create a universal, even noble, form of art which could express the new and more confident mood of the times. Renaissance Philosophy of Humanism Above all, Renaissance art was driven by the new notion of "Humanism," a philosophy which had been the foundation for many of the achievements (eg. democracy) of pagan ancient Greece. Humanism downplayed religious and secular dogma and instead attached the greatest importance to the dignity and worth of the individual. Effect of Humanism on Art In the visual arts, humanism stood for (1) the emergence of the individual figure, in place of stereotyped, or symbolic figures. (2) Greater realism and consequent attention to detail, as reflected in the development of linear perspective and the increasing realism of human faces and bodies; this new approach helps to explain why classical sculpture was so revered, and why Byzantine art...
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...Term Papers All of our MEDICI papers are written by professional writers and thoroughly reviewed by our internal editing staff. You will get: Immediate Download of your MEDICI term paper. Professionally written and edited MEDICI term-paper with up to date research. No Hidden or Extra Fees Guaranteed Satisfaction 24/7 Customer Support Complete Privacy Highest Level of Payment Protection Selected term papers on "MEDICI": Cosimo de Medici A look at the contribution of Cosimo de Medici to the culture and society of 15th-century Florence. The Medici Family An examination of the history of the famous Medici family of Italy. The Medici of Renaissance Florence An overview of the contribution of the Medici family to Florence and the Renaissance. The Cultural Patronage of the De' Medici An examination of the contribution of the De' Medici family in 15th century Florence, Italy to the Renaissance. Medici Family A discussion of the art patronage of the Medicis during the Baroque period. Remember: Use this option and you can immediately download your MEDICI term paper. Pay for your MEDICI term-paper using Visa, MasterCard or American Express. OPTION 2 Custom Written MEDICI Essay Custom research paper or term paper on MEDICI. Let our team of expert writers help you out with your MEDICI research paper or MEDICI custom essay project. Since 1997, JunglePage has been helping people just like you. Our full-time staff of expert writers...
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...should focus on one piece of art to thoroughly gain the desired skill sets. Imitation eventually begets emulation through a natural inculcation of the expert's skills. Emulating the work of an accomplished artist provides a young artist with a base to develop individual skills. Masaccio (Tommaso Guidi) introduced linear perspective through The Holy Trinity on Tempera as a primary medium. Donatello sculpted Mary Magdalene on stone providing a reference that exemplified intricate detailing in art. Andrea Mantegna inspired the importance of detail to paintings through the altarpiece for the San Zeno in Verona using oil and panel. Andrea Brunelleschi studied Greco-Roman ruins to induce the Italian Renaissance through his work on The Cathedral of Santa Maria del Flore in Florence. Fra Angelico painted the Annunciation of Cortona in tempera on panel, a reference point for future frescos. Andrea del Verrocchio made the Bartolomeo Colleoni, regarded among the best...
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