...of staff Otto Wagener, “Jewish Volk is the parasitic race among the human races. Jewry always marches as those who live as parasites-that is, who are intent on having others work for them, so that they can lead a carefree existence. This is why we must discard of them as quickly as we can, so they do not feed off of us any more” (Turner, page 205). Adolph Hitler is the main reason why the world has National Socialism. National Socialism is a form of racism, or most commonly called Nazism (Tonser, page 15). To understand National Socialism, you first need to be aware of the history of it. The first origins of National Socialism came from the after effects of World War I. Hitler was a fierce fighter in the fighting of World War I and played a big part in the war (Encarta Encyclopedia). After the war, Germany was charged with the sole responsibility for the war. Germany’s political and economical life was seriously disrupted as a result of this. Then in 1919 the German Workers’ Party was formed. Hitler did not found the party, but did join it shortly after it started. He joined the party with the aspect of making it his party. This did not take long becauseAdolph Hitler once said to his chief of staff Otto Wagener, “Jewish Volk is the parasitic race among the human races. Jewry always marches as those who live as parasites-that is, who are intent on having others work for them, so that they can lead a carefree existence. This is why we must discard of them as quickly as we can...
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...Explain your answer using the sources and your own knowledge. (d) How useful is source E for understanding ......... ? (8 marks) Explain your answer using the source and your own knowledge. (e) How did .......... ? (10 marks) Question (a) – ‘What do sources A and B suggest about .........?’ (4 marks) All questions are marked in levels. The levels for q. (a) are: Level 1 ‐ Answers which repeat details from the sources (1 mark) Level 2 ‐ Answers that draw a simple inference from the sources (2‐3 marks) Level 3 ‐ Answers that draw a complex inference from the sources (4 marks) An inference is learning something from the source that it does not directly tell you. In other words reading between the lines. Look at the example on the page opposite. Source A ‐ From a Social Democrat account of the Hitler Youth movement in 1934. Youth adores the drill, the uniform, the comradeship, the fact that school and parents take a back seat compared to the Hitler Youth. The parents cannot forbid the child to do what all children are doing, cannot refuse him the uniform. Young people follow the instructions of the Hitler Youth. They demand...
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...including the campaign to legalize abortion. Diehl was installed as ‘cultural advisor’ in the Nazi Party, but by 1936 had lost any appreciable political influence or organizational role. The Document in its Historical Context The title of the document undergoing analysis is, “A New Type of Woman”, and “Principles of the National Socialist Women’s Organizations” (the document), both from the book ‘Die deutsche Frau und der National Sozialismus (The German Woman and National Socialism), and published in 1932. “A New Type of Woman”, as written by Guida Diehl, outlines what characteristics a German woman should possess, and what type of woman she should aspire to become. “Principles of the National Socialist Women’s Organization” echoes Hitler’s ideas about a nationalistic society consisting of a purely Aryan race, focusing on women’s role in abiding by these rules. The National Socialist Women’s League was established in 1931, but was not fully active until Hitler seized power in 1933. Its main purpose was to bring other women’s organizations in line with...
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...According to fascism, all the power is vested upon the government as the executive branch. Every other branch or institution is subject to the leader. Fascism is also in most cases in the need of an enemy, this is some specific group that people under this form of leadership focus and express their hatred and anger towards. In such a case such as the Germans focused their anger and hatred to the Jews and viewed them as an inferior race. Full control of the media is taken by the leadership as well as full power in arresting everyone who disagrees. This happens without any trial. Fascist states do whatever they want and the subjects are too afraid to resist the acts even if they are heinous. This happens with full control of the media, and this...
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...The GDR: “Workers’ and Farmers’ State” or “Second German Dictatorship”? Between 1949 and 1990, the German Democratic Republic existed as an independent socialist state behind the Iron Curtain. Defining itself in its constitution as “a socialist state of farmers and workers”, it aimed to become a “socialist utopia”, without class boundaries or social restrictions. However, the controversial means of controlling the population employed by the government and the dominance of the Socialist Unity Party (Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands, SED) in East German Politics has led many scholars and experts to claim that the GDR was a “Second German Dictatorship”. Fulbrook (2009: 159) says “A combination of methods was employed to ensure the compliance of the East German populace, including terror as well as attempted ideological indoctrination, as the SED sought both to control the state means of administration, policing and justice, and to exert its influence in education, the media and all avenues of opinion formation.” Characteristics of the GDR resemble those of a twentieth century dictatorship, where oppression and fear were parts of daily life. This essay will examine the GDR, determining ultimately whether it was, as its government suggested, a “workers and farmers state” or, as suggested by many theorists, a “second German dictatorship.” Jarausch (1999: 341) says that the SED “glorified the GDR as an egalitarian and open society on the path towards a communist utopia.”...
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...family, he was working very hard. Unfortunately, Jurgis was hurt in an accident and had to stay home. After he back to the meat packing house, there was someone already did his task which means he lost his job. Everything became worse and worse. Jurgis went to jail because he fights with his co-work; when he got out of the jail, he found his life was totally changed because both his wife and kid were died. After that, Jurgis became weaker and hard to find a job. One day, he was listened a speech about socialism, he was very enlightening. After experiencing so many unfair things, he thought the society need to be changed and socialism brought hope to him. “I aimed at the public's heart, and by accident I hit it in the stomach.” The author was trying to make people pay more attention on the new immigration, workers’ affliction, and advocate the socialism; however, the novel brings more discussion on the meats’ quality. The main reason author wrote this book was spreading the socialism. However, Sinclair made meat packing house as his story line; the whole story was not only about that...
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...his war against socialism, religion cannot be looked at as a dogma and instead should be a malleable doctrine that is subjective to history. II. Body b. Christian Doctrines iv. Fundamental guidelines v. Use of the bible 1. Hitler a Christian? vi. No rules in war c. Moral Ethics vii. Ethics of Conviction vs. Ethics of Responsibility viii. Rationality d. Just War Theory ix. St. Thomas Aquinas x. Guidelines for a Just War xi. Just War is applicable e. What about Christians and Pacifists? xii. “Put your sword away” xiii. No such thing as a “Just War” III. Conclusion f. Summary xiv. Thesis: As demonstrated by Bonhoeffer in his war against socialism, religion cannot be looked at as a dogma and instead should be a malleable doctrine that is subjective to history. g. So what? xv. Accomplishments xvi. Interpretation xvii. Cost-benefit analysis Dietrich Bonhoeffer was a Lutheran pastor and theologian living in Germany during the time of Nazi dictatorship. Originally moved by the exclusion of his fellow pastors after the early Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service was passed, Bonhoeffer’s compassion began to turn to radical opposition of the Nazi regime. For the next decade, Bonhoeffer committed himself to the radical resistance of National Socialism and encouraged...
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...The film, “The Lives of Others” is beloved by many German individuals due to its historical accuracy in portraying Germany’s secret police and the German Democratic Republic before the unification of Germany. Furthermore, as stated by Stein, “Von Donnersmarck's film deserves praise for effectively recreating the look and atmosphere of East Berlin in the mid-1980s. The cheerless streets and dark interiors of official buildings capture East German socialism in its late decay” (Stein, Stasi With a Human Face, p.568). This film portrays many characteristics during the era of the German Democratic Republic, including the use of dehumanizing and immoral tactics used by the Stasi, and the accurate portrayal of the consequences caused by the Stasi...
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...under the role of Adolf Hitler, their violence remained a deep gash in the western world history. National socialism (common English short form Nazism) was the ideology of the Nazi Party and Nazi Germany. Many of their beliefs included biological racism and antisemitism. Nazism has been described as far-sighted, because it was designed to allow domination of society by people considered racially superior, while ”cleaning” society up by killing off people who were declared inferior which were said to be a threat to national survival. Their philosophy claimed that the so-called Aryan master race was superior to all other races. To maintain what it regarded as the purity and strength of the Aryan race, the Nazis sought to ethnically cleanse Jews and Romani, and exterminate the physically and mentally disabled. Other groups considered targets included the homosexual, black people, Jehovahʼs witnesses and other political groups. During the 1930s, the Nazi Regime attempted to construct what it believed to be a utopian society. The Nazis’ rise to power can be viewed as a modern revolution, in which their objective to create an ideal Nazi Volksgemeinschaft (community of people) was achieved by highly regulating all areas of German life. From the arts and literature to sexual activity and race relations, the Nazi Party implemented legislation that restricted what the German public could see, hear, read, do and even think! The Nazis were able to maintain control over the masses through...
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...Institute of Economic Affairs 2 Lord North Street Westminster London sw1p 3lb Reissued in the ‘Occasional Paper’ series in 2001 This condensed version of The Road to Serfdom © Reader’s Digest, reproduced by kind permission The Road to Serfdom is published in all territories outside the USA by Routledge. This version is published by kind permission. All other material copyright © The Institute of Economic Affairs 1999, 2001 Every effort has been made to contact the copyright holders associated with this edition. In some cases this has not been possible. The IEA will be pleased to include any corrections in the next edition. All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise), without the prior written permission of both the copyright owner and the publisher of this book. A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. isbn 0 255 36530 6 Many IEA publications are translated into languages other than English or are reprinted. Permission to translate or to reprint should be sought from the General Director at the address above. Typeset in Stone by MacGuru info@macguru.org.uk Printed and bound in Great Britain by Hobbs the Printers Those who would give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty...
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...Arnim was friends with Ludwig van Beethoven, Johannes Brahms, and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe for a period of time. Von Arnim, who was known for many novels and essays, wrote on topics involving social and political reform, which appealed to many groups of oppressed people, such as women and Jews. Although she had a husband and seven children, Bettina von Arnim was vocal in rejecting the exclusivity of traditional gender roles in 19th century Germany, through her literary works. Von Arnim’s most famous work is called Goethe’s Correspondence with a Child, a fiction based on her relationship with Goethe. The story depicts her as a child, who sits on Goethe’s character’s lap, and how her gender affects the relationship they had. One of her other works, Gritta, was an alternative view of the typical “male saves female archetype”. In the novel, the female plays the role of the hero. In her later life, after her husband died, she began to publish more and more works, including some by her husband. Her husband’s death was a significant event in von Arnim’s life. When von Arnim became a widow, she published a large amount of works such as autobiographies and fiction based on social equality and gender equality. Von Arnim was a benefactor of the ideas of free speech and freedom of press, as the author used it immensely. Von Arnim also portrayed strong views on socioeconomic differences. Her opinions of favoring the poor made some of her works leaning towards a socialist point of view...
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...Economic Systems, Socialism, and Supply & Demand Patrick Domench Intro to Business and Technology Professor Armes DeVry University September 7, 2014 The best system to handle a disaster of epic proportions is Capitalism. We live in a Capitalist system now and we have been through many natural disasters that have rocked our communities and we have always pulled together and gotten through everyone so far. We have even been attacked in New York, one of the largest cities in the USA, and we were able to rebuild. In the free market system the private sector owns most of the resources, this leaves the main function of the government to facilitate and aid economic activity. This is particularly strong in a disaster type situation because the infrastructure of the economy would be disturbed, so in this case the government would be focused on rebuilding and encouraging investment in the private sector. The private sectors main concern is profit and this greatly aids regeneration. A Socialist system would not be best in an emergency situation and I refuse to speculate that it would be. Firstly, the question itself is academically dishonest. It presumes an answer to a postulation or theory, then demands the student to support the results of that theory with "proof". It's like a rhetorical question, but sinister in its intellectual pre-suppositions. Like asking "Everyone knows that Crisco is better than butter in making croissants, now you prove it"! Secondly, it is quite...
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...is “How effective was the White Rose in challenging Nazism ideology?”. This will analyze each White Rose leaflet written by a group of university in Germany within the peak of Nazism, and how they exposed the flaws in this ideology and how others reacted. The first source being evaluated is Kathryn J. Atwood’s book, “Women Heroes of World War II”, published in 2011 by Chicago Review Press. Atwood writes young adult non-fiction books featuring women who make courageous choices in the midst of war and occupation. She has contributed to War, Literature, and the Arts, PopMatters.com, Midwest Book Review, and Women's Independent Press. Atwood attended University of Illinois at Chicago and majored in English and History. This book tells of influential women during World War II. In the chapter I am focusing on, Atwood writes of Sophie Scholl, a German teenager, who decides to stray off from the Naziest expectations and fight against it along with her schoolmates....
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...Rodrigo Maxwell sd Dr. Stanley E. Spangler In today’s society I honestly don’t believe that our mass population would vote or elect a figure like Adolf Hitler. Under Adolf Hitler, Germany was a Big Brother totalitarian police state that repressed freedom and individual liberty. Also under Hitler, Germany adopted socialism, increased government spending and raised taxes to exaggeratedly high levels. In many ways though, we can make comparisons of our society and ways of governing that would be similar to Adolf Hitler. We can make the comparison that Nazi Germany was a totalitarian big brother state that was constantly monitoring every German citizen. We can see that on our Bentley campus, where there are hundreds of cameras watching our every move or even if you go to downtown Boston, there will be some type of surveillance. In that sense I don’t think Hitler would have much innovation and would actually feel at ease if he were president of the United States. Another thing is Nazi officials would dehumanize and abuse of their power to force upon others, and we can see this in our police force, and in the TSA today after the attacks of September 11th, where people are being harassed or even ridiculed buy these professionals. In the Nazi regime there were also increases in government spending, we can compare this to stimulus packages and loans that are being given out to newlyweds or families that are just growing, and these are things that would actually abide under Hitler’s...
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...It is too obvious that Communism and Fascism resemble each other like two drops of fresh water. However, there are very few historians and sociologists have compared these two greatest expressions of modern totalitarianism, which has a strong ideological stench. The German philosopher and political theorist Hannah Arendt, made the comparison and "The Origins of Totalitarianism," published in 1951, showed that these two social experiments who trounced the twentieth century are twins. If we refer to encyclopedias and essays on the subject, fascism is a political ideology that raises collectivism over individualism, places the state and the nation above individual, rejects the "bourgeois democracy", the free market, capitalist competition,...
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