...Chapter 10 1. Five Strategic option global market place • Product and Communication Extension – Dual Extension Program promosi yang di luar negeri sama dengan dalam negeri • Product Extension – Communications Adaptation Produknya sama tetapi cara promosinya berbeda (disesuaikan dengan negara yang dituju) • Product Adaptation – Communications Extension Produknya disesuaikan, pesan promosinya sama • Product and Communications Adaptation – Dual Adaptation Produk dan pesan promosi disesuaikan ke negara bersangkutan • Product Invention Produknya belom pernah ada di dunia 2. Why Multinational Company use product strategy? • Common customer needs: produk yg disetiap negara ada cth coca – cola, pepsi, kfc, mcd • Global customers: perusahaan b2b memasarkan produk ke perusahaan multinasional. Perusahaan multinasional tersebut melakukan strategi global. Perusahaan asing tersebut produknya ttp sama • Scale economies: • Time-to-market: perusahaan berlomba2 menjual produknyake luar negeri secepat mungkin supaya gak rubah2 lagi dan makan waktu lama. Jadi pakai global strategy • Regional market agreements: perjanjian regional yg dimana semua produknya sama. Cth ASEAN ada 9 negara culturenya hampir sama jadi seleranya sama Chapter 11 3. Mengapa brand equity suatu negara berbeda dgn negara lain? • History Misalnya Coca-Cola pemasarannya di Amerika dulu biar konsisten. Jadi brand equity Coca-Cola di Amerika tinggi • Competitive Climate Pesaing coca-cola kayak pepsi kalah dengan...
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...100,000 charges of discrimination have charged since 2011. Supervisors, managers and co-workers at companies big and small all across the world have been discriminating against disabled people for decades. This problem did not get recognized until the ADA or Americans with Disabilities Act was passed by President George Bush in 1990. This issue is a global problem that needs to end for the safety and well being of all disabled people. What exactly does the ADA do? The ADA was an act that was passed to protect the rights of disabled people that are discriminated against for being different. The ADA stop companies from allowing people to get fired or denied a job because they are handicapped. The ADA gives disabled people a fighting chance to get the jobs that they deserve without discrimination. (The walmart mart lawsuit) An example of discrimination that went against the rule set by the ADA was on August 21, 2008 the press released that Walmart the major american company was sued for $50,000 because of the discrimination of an employee. Marcia Arney lawsuit was filed...
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...Venture Capital Funding Proposal Venture Capital Funding Proposal 08 Fall 08 Fall EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Mobileye N.V. is a growing competitor in the Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) industry. Mobileye is the successful developer of the EyeQ software on a low cost, automotive standards chip that allows for real time interpretation of data on visual surroundings, assisting drivers in prevention of collisions and identification of threats. The single camera system and strong relationship that Mobileye maintains with currently 18 original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) means the product is low cost, but still maintains quality and effectiveness. Mobileye being the developer of its flagship product, the EyeQ, with primary costs to production being the purchase of microchips on which the software is reproduced, means that cost of revenues is low, output is highly scalable and so Mobileye is capable of devoting substantial portions of future earnings to further research, improving existing products and gaining further growth through introduction of other ADAS products. This suggests extremely positive growth potential for Mobileye over the medium term. The ADAS market in which Mobileye operates shows a potential compound annual growth rate of more than 50% until 2018 (vli Ltd, 2014). This expected growth is attributed to several strong factors. Firstly, rapid technological progress has substantially lowered costs to production, meaning a much broader market of vehicles...
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...HIV/AIDS Kristen McReynolds, Jovanna Guerrero-Cortes, Teresa Risien BSHS/302 April 30, 2012 Maxine Proctor University of Phoenix HIV and AIDS is a very vulnerable population that affects the global community on several aspects. HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. HIV is not like most viruses whereas most viruses your immune system will fight the virus and get rid of it, the immune system simply cannot fight the HIV virus. HIV attacks several parts of the immune system and when it attacks too many cells the body cannot fight the infection anymore leading to the virus known as AIDS. AIDS stands for Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome. It is the final stage of the HIV infection and requires in depth medical treatment to prevent death from occurring in people who have the virus. Here we will discuss how the HIV and AIDS population affects the global community as a whole. The nature of the population is a key element that helps us to fully understand how the community is affected, as well as geographical statistics, who is affected by HIV/AIDS, and the impact the virus has on the population. As a community we must focus on Social issues, as well as some human service Macro intervention strategies. Geographic evidence shows that poor urban areas are more particularly affected by HIV and AIDS. Nowhere is this more evident than in Washington D.C. where the AIDS epidemic has been described as “the most complete example of a domestic urban epidemic...
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...LDS 404: Leadership and Change Sessions FY 2012-13 Instructor Name Len Chapman Phone Number(s) Office: 800.888.862.9950, X1514 Cell: 916.616.3310 Email len.chapman@myunion.edu Course Description The course focuses on how leaders use and apply change theories to craft and execute strategic management decisions. The course introduces best practices for leading and implementing change that addresses: leader / follower relations, their effect on corporate culture, employee resistance to change, and methods to assure that change will be successful. Learning Outcomes and Competencies University Outcome II – Critical and Creative Thinking: Competency # 4 – Integrate one’s own ideas with those of others to address an issue. Competency # 5 – Apply a creative process to explore an issue using imagination, intuition, and analytical methods. University Outcome IV – Social and Global Perspective: Competency # 2 – Analyze social issues involving individuals, communities, and institutions from different disciplinary perspectives Competency # 3 – Demonstrate an understanding of the world as sets of interactive and interrelated systems. Bachelor of Science in Leadership Major Outcomes Report capacity to discern facets of change as it relates to leadership in the professional environment. Discuss and evaluate effective management and leadership behaviors and their implications in professional practice. Course Competencies Describe the leader’s...
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...WHAT IS R&D ? Research and development (R&D, also called research and technical development or research and technological development, RTD inEurope) is a specific group of activities within a business. The activities that are classified as R&D differ from company to company, but there are two primary models. In one model, the primary function of an R&D group is to develop new products; in the other model, the primary function of an R&D group is to discover and create new knowledge about scientific and technological topics for the purpose of uncovering and enabling development of valuable new products, processes, and services. Under both models, R&D differs from the vast majority of a company's activities which are intended to yield nearly immediate profit or immediate improvements in operations and involve little uncertainty as to the return on investment (ROI). The first model of R&D is generally staffed by engineers while the second model may be staffed with industrial scientists. R&D activities are carried out by corporate (businesses) or governmental entities. R&D is a form of applied research. BACKGROUND New product design and development is more often than not a crucial factor in the survival of a company. In an industry that is changing fast, firms must continually revise their design and range of products. This is necessary due to continuous technology change and development as well as other competitors and the changing preference...
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...disebut dengan istilah intercompany pricing, intercorporate pricing, interdivisional pricing atau internal pricing) Secara komersial terdapat beberapa dasar penentuan harga transfer yaitu : a. Cost basis b. Market basis c. Negosiasi d. Arbitrasi e. Ganda Harga transfer yang mendasarkan pada biaya bisa berupa : • Actual variable cost • Actual fixed cost • Standard variable cost • Standard full cost • Average cost • Full cost plus mark up Sehubungan dengan harga transfer, terdapat beberapa ketentuan dalam UU PPh yang mengatur tentang perlakuan harga (pasal 10 (1), pasal 6 (1) dan pasal 18). Implikasi Pajak Transfer pricing dapat melibatkan baik transaksi domestic maupun global. Dari aspek pajak penghasilan, transfer pricing domestic tidak membawa implikasi yang signifikan karena potensi penghasilan kena pajaknya (walau digeser dari satu ke lain badan) masih berada dalam satu yurisdiksi pemajakan yang sama. Pergeseran potensi pajak tersebut dapat memberikan manfaat pada grup perusahaan secara keseluruhan dalam rangka, misalnya : 1) pemerataan penghasilan kena pajak (base averaging) dengan mengalokasikan laba pada beberapa subjek pajak untuk mengurangi kemungkinan terkena progresivitas tariff (30% atau 15%), dan 2) arbitrage kerugian (loss arbitrage)...
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...instructional support staff need to provide quality instruction to students. It is imperative that schools have the proper equipment and resources needed to prepare students for and beyond the 21st century. For students to be prepared for the global workforce school must have an adequate amount of money to fund education. Many states use one of two types of student counts to determine how much money each school will receive. The two types of student counts that states use to distribute education funds are Average Daily Attendance, ADA, and Average Daily Membership, ADM. The purpose of this paper is to determine which student count would the writer of this paper use to distribute state funds generated by state tax dollars to all of the schools within the state. Understanding the difference between Average Daily Attendance and Average Daily Membership can assist one with determining how to distribute state funding for education. Quarterly, an average number of students who attend a particular school each day determines the school’s Average Daily Attendance. Any changes and adjustments to state funding for a school is fixed to reflect the changes in attendance, hence the reason why ADA is taken on a quarterly basis. If one is going to use ADA to distribute funds to school, that person has to keep in mind that the adjustment of funds can happen at any time of the school year that could impact the instruction of students in a positive...
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...Americans With Disabilities Act The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) The rights of handicapped persons to enjoy equal employment opportunities were established on the federal level with the enactment of the “Rehabilitation Act of 1973” (29 U.S.C. 701-794). Although “not designed specifically as an employment discrimination measure but rather as a comprehensive plan to meet many of the needs of the handicapped” (Twomey, 2001, p.540). The Rehabilitation Act provided three sections (sections 501,503,504) that prevented discrimination in employment. Section 501 was applicable to the federal government itself. Section 503, applied to federal contractors. Finally, section 504 applied to the recipients of federal funds. On Tuesday, the 23rd of January 1990, a “clear and comprehensive prohibition of discrimination on the bases of disability” was established by the One Hundred First Congress of the United States of America in its second session (D.O.L, 2003). The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990, which is estimated to cover over, 43 million Americans with disabilities, went into full effect in January of 1992. Considered a “Bill of Rights for Americans with a wide variety of disabilities” the act applies to employment, public accommodations, transportation, telecommunications, State and the federal government (Holley, Jennings, Wolters, 2001, p. 424). The passage of the ADA “expanded the scope and impact of laws and regulations” on discrimination...
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...ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY 2015 Pemain ataukah Penonton? 11.1. ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Blueprint 2015 ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Blueprint adalah salah satu deklarasi yang disepakati oleh para pemimpin negara ASEAN. ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Blueprint tersebut kemudian disahkan pada Rangkaian Pertemuan KTT ASEAN ke-13. AEC Blueprint bertujuan untuk menjadikan kawasan ASEAN lebih stabil, sejahtera dan sangat kompetitif, memungkinkan bebasnya lalu lintas barang, jasa, investasi dan aliran modal. Selain itu, juga akan diupayakan kesetaraan pembangunan ekonomi dan pengurangan kemiskinan serta kesenjangan sosial ekonomi pada tahun 2015. ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Blueprint merupakan suatu master plan bagi ASEAN untuk membentuk Komunitas Ekonomi ASEAN pada tahun 2015 dengan mengidentifikasi langkah-langkah integrasi ekonomi yang akan ditempuh melalui implementasi berbagai komitmen yang rinci, dengan sasaran dan jangka waktu yang jelas. Terkait dengan ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Blueprint, ASEAN juga telah mengembangkan mekanisme Scorecard untuk mencatat implementasi dan komitmen-komitmen negara anggota sebagaimana yang telah disepakati di dalam ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Blueprint. Scorecard dimaksud akan memberikan gambaran komprehensif bagaimana kemajuan ASEAN untuk mengimplementasikan AEC pada tahun 2015. Pada tahun 2015 ASEAN akan menjadi “satu negara”, di mana mobilitas barang, jasa, investasi, tenaga kerja, dan modal akan bergerak bebas...
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...Cara Berpikir Sistem dan Penerapannya dalam Analisis Permasalahan-Permasalahan Sosial | Oleh: Any Sulistyowati, Ketua Yayasan ELSPPAT | Di awal millenium ini dunia sedang menghadapi beberapa persoalan besar yang saling terkait satu sama lain dalam satu jalinan permasalahan yang kompleks. Persoalan-persoalan tersebut tidak dapat diselesaikan hanya dengan mengandalkan satu bidang keahlian saja, tanpa mengubah secara mendasar cara kita memandang persoalan tersebut. Cara berpikir sistem adalah salah satu pendekatan yang dapat digunakan untuk memandang persoalan secara lebih holistik. Latar Belakang Setelah duaribu tahun yang tercatat dalam penanggalan, dunia ini telah mengalami perubahan besar di segala bidang kehidupan. Kemajuan teknologi secara signifikan telah menjadikan dunia terhubung dalam suatu jaringan informasi yang memungkinkan orang berkomunikasi dengan orang di belahan dunia yang lain dalam hitungan detik, memberikan pemahaman bahwa bumi hanyalah setiik air di tengah lautan tata surya yang maha luas, memungkinkan orang tahu bahwa di dalam segenggam tanah di hutan tropis Amazon terkandung beraneka ragam spesies bakteri yang jumlahnya jauh lebih banyak daripada populasi seluruh umat manusia di dunia ini. Kemajuan ini bukannya tidak berdampak. Kemiskinan sebagai ekspresi dari kesenjangan dan ketidakadilan sosial dan kerusakan lingkungan besar-besaran adalah salah satu potret umum yang terjadi di negara-negara yang melakukan pembangunan. Setelah melakukan pembangunan...
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...Programming Midterm Study Guide Programs that make a computer useful for everyday tasks are known as application software. System software – the programs that control and manage the basic operations of a computer. System software types: Operating system: most fundamental set of programs on a computer. Controls the internal operations of the computers hardware manage all of the devices connected to the computer, allows data to be saved to and retrieved from storage device, and allows other programs to run on the computer. Utility programs: performs a specialized task that enhances the computer’s operation or safeguard data. Examples are virus scanners, file compression programs, and data backup programs. Software Development tools: the programs that programmers use to create, modify, and tests software. Assemblers, compilers, and interpreters are examples. Interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high-level language program. The statements that a programmer writes in a high-level language are called source code or code. Syntax error is a mistake such as a misspelled key word, a missing punctuation character, or the incorrect use of an operator. NOTE: programs that are compiled generally execute faster than programs that are interpreted because a compiled program is already translated entirely to machine language when it is executed. A program that is interpreted must be translated at the time it is executed. Compiler...
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...CONCEPTS OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES TENTH EDITION This page intentionally left blank CONCEPTS OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES TENTH EDITION R O B E RT W. S EB ES TA University of Colorado at Colorado Springs Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Vice President and Editorial Director, ECS: Marcia Horton Editor in Chief: Michael Hirsch Executive Editor: Matt Goldstein Editorial Assistant: Chelsea Kharakozova Vice President Marketing: Patrice Jones Marketing Manager: Yez Alayan Marketing Coordinator: Kathryn Ferranti Marketing Assistant: Emma Snider Vice President and Director of Production: Vince O’Brien Managing Editor: Jeff Holcomb Senior Production Project Manager: Marilyn Lloyd Manufacturing Manager: Nick Sklitsis Operations Specialist: Lisa McDowell Cover Designer: Anthony Gemmellaro Text Designer: Gillian Hall Cover Image: Mountain near Pisac, Peru; Photo by author Media Editor: Dan Sandin Full-Service Vendor: Laserwords Project Management: Gillian Hall Printer/Binder: Courier Westford Cover Printer: Lehigh-Phoenix Color This book was composed in InDesign. Basal font is Janson Text. Display font is ITC Franklin Gothic. Copyright © 2012, 2010, 2008, 2006, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States...
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...CONCEPTS OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES TENTH EDITION This page intentionally left blank CONCEPTS OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES TENTH EDITION R OB E RT W. S EB ES TA University of Colorado at Colorado Springs Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Vice President and Editorial Director, ECS: Marcia Horton Editor in Chief: Michael Hirsch Executive Editor: Matt Goldstein Editorial Assistant: Chelsea Kharakozova Vice President Marketing: Patrice Jones Marketing Manager: Yez Alayan Marketing Coordinator: Kathryn Ferranti Marketing Assistant: Emma Snider Vice President and Director of Production: Vince O’Brien Managing Editor: Jeff Holcomb Senior Production Project Manager: Marilyn Lloyd Manufacturing Manager: Nick Sklitsis Operations Specialist: Lisa McDowell Cover Designer: Anthony Gemmellaro Text Designer: Gillian Hall Cover Image: Mountain near Pisac, Peru; Photo by author Media Editor: Dan Sandin Full-Service Vendor: Laserwords Project Management: Gillian Hall Printer/Binder: Courier Westford Cover Printer: Lehigh-Phoenix Color This book was composed in InDesign. Basal font is Janson Text. Display font is ITC Franklin Gothic. Copyright © 2012, 2010, 2008, 2006, 2004 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. Manufactured...
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...Leila Y., MM2 Abstrak This study examined trade among of ASEAN+5 member countries (year 2002 to 2012). This study aims to determine what factors determine bilateral trade flows between ASEAN+5 member countries by applying Gravity Model through panel data. The results show that GDP, GDP per capita, FDI and Corruption Index have significant affect on trade. In the other hand, Distance has no significant effect in explaining trade among ASEAN+5 member countries. Based on these findings, several important policies implication should be applied in leading ASEAN to develop and to achieve the ASEAN Economic Community in 2015 Keyword: Gravity Model, ASEAN+5 Bilateral Trade, Panel Data 1Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi universitas Trisakti 2Dosen Fakultas Ekonomi universitas Trisakti PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Latar Belakang Negara-negara melakukan perdagangan internasional dikarenakan dua alasan utama yang keduanya bertujuan untuk menghasilkan gains from trade bagi mereka. Pertama, negara-negara melakukan perdagangan dikarenakan mereka berbeda antara satu dengan yang lainnya. Tidak ada negara yang dapat berdiri sendiri tanpa adanya bantuan dari negara lain, karena dengan adanya kerjasama maka suatu negara dapat memperoleh keuntungan dari perbedaan-perbedaan mereka. Kedua, negara-negara berdagang satu sama lain dengan tujuan mencapai skala ekonomis (economic of scale) dalam produksi. (Yenny 2007). Perdagangan internasional selalu memainkan peran penting dalam proses pertumbuhan dan pembangunan...
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