...States Supreme Court Case Research Paper Texas v. Johnson The American flag. It’s arguably the most iconic American symbol. Even our national anthem includes the reference“whose broad stripes and bright stars”. In this song, lyricist Francis Scott Key isn't just mentioning how the flag looked at the time. He’s alluding to a deeper meaning. This flag is not only a symbol of a country, but of a brave and heroic people who defend their country’s citizens and freedoms. This illustrates the sacrality of the flag- it represents a lot more than miles of land. It represents thousands of lives lost for American citizens of all ages, colors and genders, and thousands of more lives that will be lost. The American flag is a venerated object, a national treasure- and it should be treated as such. However, Gregory Lee Johnson had a different opinion. Johnson’s unpatriotic actions in the state of Texas led to the infamous court case of Texas v. Johnson....
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...Case Study Johnson and Johnson & Exxon Lucille Marjorie C. Curitana BMC I-2 Prof. Hero Hernandez Background Information Oriental Nicety, formerly Exxon Valdez ("valdez" pronounced val-deez), Exxon Mediterranean, SeaRiver Mediterranean, S/R Mediterranean, Mediterranean, and Dong Fang Ocean is an oil tanker that gained notoriety after running aground in Prince William Soundspilling hundreds of thousands of barrels of crude oil in Alaska. On March 24, 1989, while owned by the former Exxon Shipping Company, and captained by Joseph Hazelwood bound for Long Beach, California, the vessel ran aground on the Bligh Reef resulting in the second largest oil spill in United States history. The size of the spill is estimated at 40,900 to 120,000 m3 (10,800,000 to 32,000,000 US gal), or 257,000 to 750,000 barrels. In 1989, Exxon Valdez oil spill was listed as the 54th largest spill in history. The tanker is 301 meters long, 50 meters wide, 26 meters depth (987 ft, 166 ft, 88 ft), weighing 30,000 tons empty and powered by a23.60 MW (31,650 shp) diesel engine. The ship can transport up to 235,000 m³ (1.48 million barrels / 200,000 t) at a sustained speed of30 km/h (16.25 knots). Its hull design is of the single-hull type. It was built by National Steel and Shipbuilding Company in San Diego, California. A relatively new tanker at the time of the spill, she was delivered to Exxon in December 1986. An oil tanker from Exxon which named Exxon...
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...One extremely important case that test the limits of the Bill of Rights is the case of Texas v. Johnson. Gregory Lee Johnson was at the 1984 Republican National Convention when he burned the American flag as a form of protest to the policies of President Ronald Reagan. He was arrested and charged with violating a Texas statute that stopped the dishonor of respected items such as the desecration of the flag. A Texas court tried to convict him. He appealed, arguing that his actions were "symbolic speech" protected by the First Amendment. The issue being discussed is symbolic speech. Whether or not the burning of the flag is considered symbolic speech. Symbolic speech which is protected under the first amendment. The Supreme Court agreed to hear his case. He was found not guilty. freedom of speech protects actions that society may find very offensive, but society's outrage alone is not justification for suppressing free...
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...Marshall decided to challenge the protection guaranteed by the 14th Amendment. c. Provide a summary of the opinion of the Court in this case: The Court ruled that all people deserve equal protection. Although black and white areas were built equally, segregation...
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...Review & Summary: The article that I am reviewing is “ The Public’s Conditional Response to Supreme Court Decisions” (Johnson & Martin 1998). This article specifically speaks to answer, whether the Court affects public attitudes when it makes decisions or initial rulings on a salient issue or subsequent decisions on the same issue. Johnson allows us to investigate the effect of the Supreme Court on public opinion, which offers the conditional response hypothesis based on the theory of Supreme Court legitimacy, and a micro-level social-psychological theory of attitude formation through his writing. To test this prediction Johnson analyzes public opinion data before and after the Supreme Court ruled in a highly visible abortion case (Roe v. Wade 1973), along with three key capital punishment rulings. (Furman v. Georgia 1972, Gregg v. Georgia 1976 & McCleskey v. Kemp 1987) When the Supreme Court made decisions, the public simply accepted them as legitimate. The reasoning behind this is simply because the Supreme Court is seen as the ultimate arbiter of the law. The model used by both Johnson and Martin (1998) is based upon two different theories. The first, since the public generally views the Court as a highly credible institution, individuals are more likely to clearly elaborate their attitudes toward an issue after a ruling. When the court makes its first major decision on a particular, the structure of public opinion changes in a manner consistent with...
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...First Amendment Research Paper: Freedom of Speech During the time the Constitution was being written, freedom of speech was mainly focused on political speech. People wanted the opportunity to express their ideas and opinions about the government without being reprimanded or unheard. People feared that if the government was able to censor unfavorable viewpoints, they would eventually form a politically powerful population and oppress those who did not share the same mindset. Along with concerns about political speech, freedom of religious speech was a common desire. Previous incidents in English and Colonial history had occurred where certain religious views were prohibited and the people wanted to make sure that they were safe from the government’s restrictions. During his speech to the First Congress on June 8, 1789, James Madison proposed the Freedom of Speech idea to congress. He included several amendments that specifically addressed the concerns of Anti-Federalists that certain rights were not strongly protected by the Constitution. Madison said in his speech, “The people shall not be deprived or abridged of their right to speak, to write, or to publish their sentiments.” Congress agreed with this idea and it became part of the first amendment. Madison continued with, “No state shall violate the equal rights of conscience, or of the press.” Congress did not like this and thought that only the federal government should be prohibited from restricting certain rights,...
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...PAD 525 Discussions 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & so on……. Hope this helps ! Review Texas v. Johnson. Assuming you want to sustain the conviction, make the best argument you can for how that can be reconciled with the First Amendment. Of the opinions that would have sustained the conviction, which do you find most persuasive and why? Texas v. Johnson, 491 U.S. 397 (1989), was an important decision by the Supreme Court of the United States that invalidated prohibitions on desecrating the American flag enforced in 48 of the 50 states. Justice William Brennan wrote for a five-justice majority in holding that the defendant Gregory Lee Johnson's act of flag burning was protected speech under the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. Gregory Lee "Joey" Johnson, then a member of the Revolutionary Communist Youth Brigade, participated in a political demonstration during the 1984 Republican National Convention in Dallas, Texas. The demonstrators were protesting the policies of the Reagan Administration and of certain companies based in Dallas. They marched through the streets, shouted chants, and held signs outside the offices of several companies. At one point, another demonstrator handed Johnson an American flag stolen from a flagpole outside one of the targeted buildings. When the demonstrators reached Dallas City Hall, Johnson poured kerosene on the flag and set it on fire. During the burning of the flag, demonstrators shouted such phrases as, "America, the red, white, and...
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...Int. J. Business Performance Management, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2003 1 Implementing performance measurement systems: a literature review Mike Bourne* and Andy Neely Centre for Business Performance, School of Management, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK E-mail: m.bourne@cranfield.ac.uk *Corresponding author John Mills and Ken Platts Centre for Strategy and Performance, Institute for Manufacturing, University of Cambridge, Mill Lane, Cambridge, CB2 1RX, UK Abstract: Currently, there is a great interest in performance measurement with many companies attempting to implement the balanced scorecard. However, there is also evidence that many of these implementations are not successful. This paper reviews the different performance measurement system design processes published in the literature and creates a framework for comparing alternative approaches. The paper then proceeds to review the literature on performance measurement system implementations and concludes that the performance measurement literature is at the stage of identifying difficulties and pitfalls to be avoided based on practitioner experience with few published research studies. This paper is the first of two, the second going on to consider performance measurement implementation from the point of view of the change management literature. Keywords: Performance measurement; management process implementation. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Bourne, M., Neely, A., Mills, J. and Platts...
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...John Wiley & Sons, Inc. David L. Kurtz University of Arkansas Louis E. Boone University of South Alabama BUSINESS 14TH EDITION Contemporary . . . at the speed of business “The 14th edition of Contemporary Business is dedicated to Joseph S. Heider, who brought me to John Wiley & Sons. Thank you, Joe.” —Dave Vice President & Executive Publisher Acquisitions Editor Assistant Editor Production Manager Senior Production Editor Marketing Manager Creative Director Senior Designer Text Designer Cover Designer Production Management Services Senior Illustration Editor Photo Editor Photo Researcher Senior Editorial Assistant Executive Media Editor Media Editor George Hoffman Franny Kelly Maria Guarascio Dorothy Sinclair Valerie A. Vargas Karolina Zarychta Harry Nolan Madelyn Lesure 4 Design Group Wendy Lai Elm Street Publishing Services Anna Melhorn Hilary Newman Teri Stratford Emily McGee Allison Morris Elena Santa Maria This book was set in Janson TextLTStd-Roman 10/13 by MPS Limited, a Macmillan Company, Chennai, India and printed and bound by R. R. Donnelley & Sons. The cover was printed by R. R. Donnelley & Sons. This book is printed on acid free paper. ∞ Founded in 1807, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. has been a valued source of knowledge and understanding for more than 200 years, helping people around the world meet their needs and fulfill their aspirations. Our company is built on a foundation of principles that include responsibility to the communities we serve and where we live...
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...Determinants Of Audit Fees: Empirical Evidence From Emerging Economy Kamal Naser* Hamed Abdullhameed** & Rana Nuseibeh*** Abstract This study investigates the structure of audit fees in an emerging economy, Jordan. Data were collected from a sample of companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange that forms 90% of the total population and fairly presents all industrial sectors within the economy. Consistent with previous research, the results of the analysis revealed that corporate size, status of the audit firm, industry type, degree of corporate complexity and risk are the main determinants of audit fees in the Jordanian environment. Unlike previous studies, however, variables such as corporate profitability, corporate accounting year-end and time lag between year-end and the audit report date appeared to be insignificant determinants of audit fees in the sampled companies. Key Words: * Audit fees, Emerging Economy, Jordan. S S cientific Journal of Administrative Development Vol.5 I.A.D. 2007 Dean College of Business Administration, Al-Ain University of Science and Technology, UAE. ** Freelance Financial Analyst, Jordan. *** Link Officer, National Health Service (NHS), UK. 84 Determinants Of Audit Fees: Empirical Evidence From Emerging Economy Introduction Although a number of studies have provided empirical evidence on the relationship between audit fees and the attributes of audited companies, most have tended to focus on developed economies...
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...Quarter 2 (7th)‐ “Melting Pot” and “How I Learned English” Stage 1 – Desired Results Standards LRA 3.2 (Fall EOC) Identify events that advance the plot, and determine how each event explains past or present actions or foreshadows future actions. ARG LRA 3.4 (Fall EOC) Identify and analyze recurring themes across works (e.g. the value of bravery, loyalty, and friendships; the effects of loneliness). ARG V1.1 (Fall EOC) Identify idioms, analogies, metaphors, and similes in prose and poetry. V 1.3 (Fall EOC) Clarify word meanings through the use of definition, example, restatement or contrast. WA 2.5‐ (STAR) Write summaries of reading materials. SUM WA 2.2 (On Demand/ STAR) Write Responses to Literature. ARG WS 1.2 (On Demand) Support all statements and claims with anecdotes, descriptions, facts and statistics, and give examples. REF WS 1.3 Use strategies of note‐taking, outlining and summarizing to impose structure on composition drafts. AN, SUM, REF WS 1.4 (Fall EOC) Identify topics and evaluate questions and develop ideas leading to inquiry, investigation, and research. AN, ARG WS 1.7 (On Demand, Fall EOC) Revise writing to improve organization and word choice after checking the logic of ideas and the precision of vocabulary. ALANG WOC 1.4 (On Demand) Demonstrate the mechanics of writing (e.g. quotation marks, commas at the end of dependent clauses) and appropriate English usage (e.g. pronoun reference). ALANG Big Ideas & Understanding(s): ...
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...United States Tax Cases (1913-1999), [97-2 USTC ¶50,905], U.S. District Court, Dist. Ore., Dennis R. Maze and Beatrice V. Maze, husband and wife, Plaintiffs v. United States of America, Defendant , Summary judgment: Genuine issues of material fact: Capital gains and losses: Small business stock:, (Oct. 10, 1997), (Oct. 10, 1997) [97-2 USTC ¶50,905] Dennis R. Maze and Beatrice V. Maze, husband and wife, Plaintiffs v. United States of America, Defendant U.S. District Court, Dist. Ore., Civ. 96-1000-JE, 10/10/97 [Code Secs. 1244 and 7402 ] Summary judgment: Genuine issues of material fact: Capital gains and losses: Small business stock: Evidence.--The government was denied summary judgment on the issue of an individual’s entitlement to a deduction against ordinary income for a loss on the worthlessness of small business stock because genuine issues of material fact existed regarding the stock’s qualification as Code Sec. 1244 stock. The government contended that the taxpayer would not be able to substantiate the three requirements for obtaining tax benefits under Code Sec. 1244 . However, with respect to the “small business” requirement, the record supported an inference that the aggregate funds of the corporation that issued thestock did not exceed $1 million on the issue date. With respect to the requirement that qualifying stock be issued for money or other property, the taxpayer produced enough evidence to raise a question of fact as to whether he gave the corporation money...
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...Marketing Management 14 PHILIP KOTLER Northwestern University KEVIN LANE KELLER Dartmouth College Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Editor in Chief: Eric Svendsen Executive Editor: Melissa Sabella Development Editor: Elisa Adams Director of Editorial Services: Ashley Santora Editorial Project Manager: Kierra Bloom Editorial Assistant: Elizabeth Scarpa Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumuba Jones Senior Marketing Manager: Anne Fahlgren Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Production Project Manager: Ann Pulido Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Creative Director: John Christiano Senior Art Director: Blair Brown Text and Cover Designer: Blair Brown Lead Media Project Manager: Lisa Rinaldi Editorial Media Project Manager: Denise Vaughn Full-Service Project Management: Sharon Anderson/BookMasters, Inc. Composition: Integra Printer/Binder: Courier/Kendallville Cover Printer: Lehigh-Phoenix Color/Hagerstown Text Font: 9.5/11.5, Minion Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text. Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2006, 2003, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All...
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...Competency: Analysis of the Concept Michelle Trigg University of South Alabama Abstract Understanding the nature and meaning of nursing competency is the initial step in having an unambiguous definition of its practice. All healthcare professionals, including nurses, may only prove to be proficient in their capabilities if they are able to perform comprehensive assessments related to the provision and maintenance of safe and efficient care, the protection of all members of the general public, and the undertaking of all necessary actions in order to preserve the nursing profession. Any and all standards that are established, based on such a perspective, must be adhered to in practice and for the purpose of nursing evaluation. This paper will evaluate and explore the concept of competency and the ways in which the nursing profession integrates the many aspects of competency. Keywords: competence, competency, concept analysis Competency: Analysis of the Concept The concept of competency in nursing is a professional regulation and is extremely important to patient safety and outcomes. In the past, competency in nursing focused on evaluating clinical skills, and not the actual ability(ies) or comprehension of the science behind them (Allen et al., 2008). Nurse competency is a requirement in the clinical setting, and outlines the dimensions...
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.... UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ x : In re : : LEHMAN BROTHERS HOLDINGS INC., : et al., : : Debtors. : ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ x Chapter 11 Case No. 08‐13555 (JMP) (Jointly Administered) REPORT OF ANTON R. VALUKAS, EXAMINER March 11, 2010 Jenner & Block LLP 353 N. Clark Street Chicago, IL 60654‐3456 312‐222‐9350 919 Third Avenue 37th Floor New York, NY 10022‐3908 212‐891‐1600 Counsel to the Examiner VOLUME 1 OF 9 Sections I & II: Introduction, Executive Summary & Procedural Background Section III.A.1: Risk EXAMINER’S REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME 1 Introduction, Sections I & II: Executive Summary & Procedural Background Introduction ...................................................................................................................................2 I. Executive Summary of The Examiner’s Conclusions ......................................................15 A. Why Did Lehman Fail? Are There Colorable Causes of Action That Arise From Its Financial Condition and Failure?..................................................................15 B. Are There Administrative Claims or Colorable Claims For Preferences or Voidable Transfers...
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