...Appendix A Table 1: Hand Hygiene – Comparison of Guidelines |Source |When to Perform Hand Hygiene |Selection Of Agent |Technique |Other Relevant Aspects Of Hand Hygiene| |John Muir - Hand Hygiene Policy (2009) |Hands are visibly soiled |Soap and water are to be used|When washing with soap and water: |Healthcare workers to keep nails short| | |Prior to contact with pt diagnosed |to perform hand hygiene if |Stand close to sink, wet hands with water, |and clean | | |with C. Diff or viral |hands are visibly soiled |keep hands lower than elbow, apply soap and |The use of gloves does not mean that | | |gastroenteritis |Use alcohol based hand |lather thoroughly and wash hands. |you do not have to wash your hands | | |Before eating , after using |sanitizer is recommended when|Washing hands should take no less than 15 |Patients should also be given the | | |restroom, after wiping nose |a sink is not accessible or |seconds |chance to wash their hands before and | | ...
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...The Effects of Hand Hygiene Interventions Hand hygiene has been proven to decrease the spread of organisms in all settings community wide. There are many forms of hand hygiene such as: antibacterial hand soap, nonantimicrobial soaps, and antiseptic hand sanitizers. Various techniques and methods can be used when performing hand hygiene. Generally, hand hygiene is the most important procedure in eliminating infections to the body. The studies shown will discuss the effectiveness of hand washing in every setting throughout a community. In my first article that I read, “Effect of Hand Hygiene on Infectious Disease Risk in the Community Setting: A Meta-Analysis”, the authors did a meta-analysis to show the results of the benefits of hand hygiene as for preventing respiratory and gastrointestinal infection related illnesses. The article took a total of thirty intervention studies and created the meta-analysis. The results showed that certain hand hygiene interventions were less effective in respiratory infections such as: hand sanitizers and the teaching of hand hygiene. Hand sanitizers and hand washing education were not directly linked to decreasing the spread of organisms in gastrointestinal or respiratory illnesses, but antibacterial hand soap was. Hand hygiene was proven to be much more effective in the studies to decrease likelihood of the occurrence of illnesses in gastrointestinal infections rather than respiratory infections. In my second article read, “Inexpensive...
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...simple procedure such as hand washing and show why it is an EBP protocol. Why Is Hand Washing So Important? Everyone in the world is responsible for good hand hygiene. As healthcare providers, it is important to teach our patience the importance of good hand hygiene to prevent spread of infection and or disease. By doing this, you are involving patients in their care and helping the greater cause of disease prevention. All healthcare facilities include hand hygiene protocols. Where I work, the hospital policy is that we wash our hands upon entering a patient’s room, put on gloves, remove gloves, wash hands upon leaving that patient’s room, then wash hand again upon entering the next patient’s room…and continue that routine with each patient. We were allowed to us hand sanitizer up to three times, in place of washing with soap and water, providing the patient is not on contact or any other special precautions. For the most part, most of do this, but I did not see everyone following this protocol, especially doctors. Most of the staff only use the sanitizer all of the time. The only time hand washing protocol seems to be followed fully is when I witness sterile procedures. This is a problem and causes increased occurrence of healthcare associated infections (HAIs), but it is difficult to ensure healthcare staff practice proper hand hygiene. From my previous work experiences, protocols were not in place and patients were not encouraged to wash their hands before and after meals...
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...Improving Hand Hygiene Practices 1.0 Introduction Health-related infections account for about 100,000 deaths per annum in the United States. A world-wide systematic review revealed that the occurrence of health-related infections range from between 1.7 to 23.6% per 100 patients. Hospital costs inherently associated with the healthcare-related infections range between 30 to 34 billion US dollars; yet these infections can be prevented through hand hygiene. Critical epidemiologic evidence supports the claims that hand hygiene reduces the transmission of healthcare-related infections. Although it is hard to link hand hygiene and the improvement of healthcare-related infections, organizations such as the Joint Commission, World Health Organization among others, acknowledge the essence of hand hygiene as a universal guideline to reduce healthcare-acquired infections. As such, this proposal focuses on interventions to improve compliance with hand hygiene as a pathway to reduce healthcare-associated infections, rather than the efficacy of hand hygiene to reduce healthcare-associated infections. 1.1 Statement of Purpose Compliance with hand hygiene practices among healthcare workers, nurses, physicians and patients has been low, averaging at approximately 39%. A study conducted in the year 2001 that was aimed at improving hand hygiene compliance and interventions found that there was poor compliance across hospital unit types and other settings. In particular, workers, nurses, physicians...
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...The Importance of Hand Hygiene in the work place Rosamma Mathew American Sentinel University The Importance of Hand Hygiene in the work place The University of Illinois hospital has its policy and procedures located on the hospital’s web page. It is simple and easy to access. It is available twenty for hours a day, every day, and any employee of the hospital can access it from any computer as long as they have valid identification. Each hospital employee was told where to find certain policies and procedures, and they are notified through e-mail of any policy changes and updates. Most importantly all policy and procedures are based on evidence that has been collected and recorded. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], around two million patients get infected while in a hospital settings in the United States each year, ("Hand Hygiene Basics," 2011) . The infection attained can be either simple or life threatening. One can prevent the spread of infection by simply washing their hands. In fact, hand washing is the single most important way to prevent or reduce the spread of infection. As a nurse I follow all of the policies and procedures of my hospital. I work in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, so it is essential that policies and procedures are held to the utmost standard. Premature babies are very susceptible to infection since their immune system is still in the stages of development. Premature infants...
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...Auditing with the 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene tool HHC auditing is the established outcome measure for assessing the effectiveness of a hand hygiene program within the National Hand Hygiene Initiative. HHC is a valid and reliable measure within the acute care sector, in both public and private hospitals throughout Australia. | Generally, the 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene audit tool is ideally suited to facilities that have the greatest staff/patient activity and interaction. This results in higher numbers of ‘Moments’ being audited in shorter time periods. | Auditing facilities where there is little staff/patient activity and interaction will result in a small number of moments being observed (i.e. non-acute, primary care, mental health settings) and resources required to undertake auditing may be better utilised measuring other aspects of a hand hygiene program (e.g product placement and availability surveys, education etc). | Currently HHA do not recommend routine HHC auditing with the 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene audit tool as an outcome measure in the non-acute, primary care or mental health setting. | All facilities should be aware of their jurisdictional requirements when planning measurements of their hand hygiene program. A number of assessment tools are available below which can be used or modified as desired. | HHC audits should only be undertaken by HHA trained and validated HHC auditors. | Annual Auditor Validation The National Hand Hygiene Initiative (NHHI) is based...
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...Hand-hygiene and its importance in health care practice Presented by Ynotte Boatswain 10/28/2012 NRS-433V Grand Canyon University Professor: Jesy Chua The problems as seen in many hospitals today in the United States of America are the amount of hospital acquired infections (HAI’s) among patients and it cost to health care system and patients as a result of improper or poor hand hygiene. Many studies conducted by various researches such as the World Health Organization (WHO), Center of Disease Control (CDC), National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) between 1989 to present day by various authors who shows that hand hygiene plays a major role in controlling HAI’s and the cost of treatment with the amount of patients affected yearly. “ Knowing is not enough, we must apply. Willing is not enough, we must do.” The goal is that the field of infection control can and should be the leader in understanding how research findings can be efficiency and effectively translated into clinical practice, Goethe. How can hand-hygiene improve patient’s outcomes, improved patient’s satisfaction and how does poor hand-hygiene impacted the health care system, patient’s family life and many institutions. Many researchers used mixed...
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...WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: a Summary First Global Patient Safety Challenge Clean Care is Safer Care a WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: a Summary © World Health Organization 2009 WHO/IER/PSP/2009.07 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: bookorders@who.int). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution – should be addressed to WHO Press, at the above address (fax: +41 22 791 4806; e-mail: permissions@who.int). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable...
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...be able to use problem solving, observation, prediction, creative thinking and fine motor skills. * The student will be able to understand the five senses and the associated body parts. * The student will be able to recognize how the five senses help them learn about the world around them. * The student will be able to describe different parts of their bodies. * The student will be able to understand how each body part function. * The student will be able to express their feelings. * The student will be able to write, recognize, and spell their first and last name. * The student will be able to understand what they need to keep their bodies healthy. * The student will be able to learn how to use personal hygiene. * The student will be able to learn the difference between healthy and unhealthy foods. * The student will be able to learn new ways to keep themselves healthy. Procedures 1. The student will create a mirror painting of themselves by...
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...TEACHING PLAN FOR POOR PERSONAL HYGIENE ] SUBMITTED BY: Bugtong, Marielle Denise T. SLU III – C3 SUBMITTED TO: Ma’am Florence Pulido Clinical Instructor November 14, 2012 Description of the Learner: Learning Need: Learning Diagnosis: Goal: LEARNING OBJECTIVES | LEARNING CONTENT | LEARNING STRATEGIES/ ACTIVITIES | TIME ALLOTMENT AND RESOURCES NEEDED | EVALUATION | After 30 minutes of health teaching, the patient will be able to:1. | * | * Small group Lecture Discussion | 5 minutes * Pamphlet | Instant Feedback: The client will be able to answer the questions about the definition of personal hygiene and hygiene. | 2. | * | * Small group Lecture Discussion | 5 minutes * Pamphlet | Instant Feedback: The client will be able to answer the questions about the effects of Poor hygiene. | 3. | | * Small group Lecture Discussion | 10 minutes * Pamphlet | Instant Feedback: Letting the patient or significant others state the importance of hand washing. | 4. Explain how Proper Hand washing is done | Procedure: * Wet your hands with warm, running water and apply liquid soap or use clean bar soap. Lather well. * Rub your hands vigorously together for at least 15 to 20 seconds. * Scrub all surfaces, including the backs of your hands, wrists, between your fingers and under your fingernails. * Rinse well. * Dry your hands with a clean or disposable towel. * Use a towel to turn off the faucet...
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...Patient Safety The patient safety issue I have chosen to discuss is hand washing in health care environments and lack of correct hand washing. The safety of all patients who attend any medical centre is the priority for everyone working in the medical field.A key patient safety issue is tackling hand hygiene and using the correct technique. According to Barbara J. Youngberg (et alt)”The association between hand hygiene of health care workers and patient safety has been recognised for over 150 years” Lack of hand hygiene and improper technique greatly increases the possible spread of infections especially the infections that are transmitted by direct contact.Direct contact is “person to person spread of infectious agents through phyisical...
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...CDC - Basics - Hand Hygiene in Healthcare Settings 10/02/2015 16:14 Hand Hygiene Basics In the United States, hospital patients get an estimated 722,000 infections each year. That’s about 1 infection for every 25 patients. Infections that patients get in the hospital can be life-threatening and hard to treat. Hand hygiene is one of the most important ways to prevent the spread of infections. Healthcare providers should practice hand hygiene at key points in time to disrupt the transmission of microorganisms to patients including: before patient contact; after contact with blood, body fluids, or contaminated surfaces (even if gloves are worn); before invasive procedures; and after removing gloves (wearing gloves is not enough to prevent the transmission of pathogens in healthcare settings). For a full list of hand hygiene indications, please see the recommendations in the Hand Hygiene Guideline (/mmwr/PDF/rr/rr5116.pdf) . Patients and their loved ones can play a role in helping to prevent infections by practicing hand hygiene themselves as well as asking or reminding their healthcare providers to perform hand hygiene. Hand Hygiene Technique Posters How to Wash Your Hands Poster [PDF - 457 KB] (http://www.who.int/gpsc/5may/How_To_HandWash_Poster.pdf) (http://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.html) How to Rub Your Hands Poster [PDF - 426 KB] (http://www.who.int/gpsc/5may/How_To_HandRub_Poster.pdf) (http://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.html) Page last reviewed: May 1, 2014 Page...
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...According to the Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), inadequate handwashing and not washing one’s hands can spread germs and also spread a norovirus illness to anyone (2013). This norovirus is serious among young children and the elderly and symptoms of norovirus infection usually include cramping, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea (CDC, 2013). This virus is spread quickly in places like daycare centers and schools and the norovirus can stay on objects and surfaces like toys, desks and seats and still infect people after days and weeks (CDC, 2013). There was a study that measured the link to improper handwashing and gastrointestinal and respiratory illnesses among young school aged children. Students in third to fifth grade were enrolled in this study. Intervention classrooms received alcohol-based hand sanitizer to use at school and followed usual handwashing cleaning practices (Child: Care, Health & Development, 2008). The results of this study showed reduced absenteeism caused by gastrointestinal illness in elementary school students and the norovirus was found less often on classroom surfaces (Child:Care, Health & Development, 2008). It is noted that hand hygiene not only prevents the common cold and flu but it also prevents gastrointestinal, norovirus illness, and respiratory illnesses among young school aged...
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...Dental hygiene has become one of the fastest growing profession in healthcare. Some people might ask a dental hygiene degree worth the stress that comes with getting the degree? stress is due to the effort and time students put into becoming a dental hygienist. Although some people say dental hygiene very hard, being a dental hygienist as a career can get you good benefit, education and social interaction. Firstly, the good benefit of having a dental hygiene career includes schedule flexibility and high salary that comes with the degree. The typical working hours for most workers in other profession are 9am to 5pm weekdays. Meanwhile, dental hygiene is known to work a more flexible hour. Dental hygiene working hour varies from...
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...decisive action. This research examines the main causes if HCAIs, and discusses the relationship between compliance with hand hygiene guidelines and stress among nursing professionals in one German hospital (Knoll, Lautenschlaeger, & Borneff-Lipp, 2010). This paper explores the factors associated with hand hygiene compliance of nurses during routine clinical practice. The purpose of this research was to clarify whether external factors such as ward capacity, or level of nursing intensity had an influence on nursing staff compliance with hand hygiene guidelines. The research questions in this study are; does hand hygiene between healthcare workers decrease healthcare associated infections (HCAIs)? Does exterior factors influence on nurses compliance with hand hygiene guidelines? The hypothesis of this study is; workload factors like maximum ward capacity, severity of patient cases, have an influence on nurse’s compliance with proper hand hygiene guidelines. Study Variables A total of nine variants were used in this paper. Records from the descriptive interviews were used as dependent variables. The ward-specific workloads considered on one side as the rate of used ward capacity, and on the other as the degree of nursing intensity which were distinct as independent variables. Conceptual Model\Theoretical Framework Acquiescence with good hygiene practice, depend on the nursing intensity and used ward capacity were evaluated. These two threat factors were checked...
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