...Article: Expensive Cancer Drugs: A Comparison between the United States and the United Kingdom. The article that I will do an overview on is entitled: Expensive Cancer Drugs: A Comparison between the United States and the United Kingdom. The article compared the United Kingdom’s and the United States experience with cancer drugs and how expensive they can be due to medical technologies. This article also discusses the differences between the two countries access to new cancer drugs and their cancer outcomes. Most think that the wealthy can buy their way to new medical technologies and treatments but is this true? This article breaks down how it is possible for the wealthy and the low income population can to receive cancer drugs in both the United Kingdom and in the United States. The United Kingdom’s National Health Service (NHS) is funded by a general taxation system with a budget that is set every 3 years by government. This service is offered to the citizens of the United Kingdom can receive healthcare regardless of financial status. NHS is the main care provider for the majority of the population. When it comes to the least restrictive pharmaceutical pricing and reimbursement the United Kingdom has it. The surprising thing abut the NHS I found was almost all cancer drugs become free at the point of service using taxpayers money allocated to them by the government for the resident’s needs. Not all drugs are offered free. The Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) was...
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...Essay: The Health Care, Universal Insurance and International Comparison of Health Care Syetem Introduction In recent years, the availability and affordability of health insurance in United States has becomes the subject of much debate. About one in seven American has no health insurance at all, and for many people who are insured, the cost of coverage is a financial hardship. This situation has led some people to call for the government to provide health insurance for all citizens like other developed countries e.g. Canada, United Kingdom, Japan, Germany etc. Under this type of system, the state government or the federal government would provide insurance coverage, fixed by taxes for everyone. Those who support government-run health care believe that it has many benefits, including universal coverage, lower costs, and greater efficiency. Opponents contend that such a system would require budgets controls, forcing the government to decide whether and when person can receive certain health service. They believe universal health care would lead to lower quality care, long delay, greater government bureaucracy, and greater tax increase. However, whether universal insurance or not, the current health care system needed a reform and I believe Most American will prefer Universal health insurance to any other health care system because it guarantee coverage for everybody. Thesis: the rising cost of health care is a very critical issue in public debate nowadays. The situation...
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...The nation of Canada has a dynamic health care system which functions as a publicly-funded, single-payer system. Health care in the country is commonly referred to as Medicare, with spending decisions regarding it being made at the provincial level. The health care system offers many benefits to Canadian citizens, such as how every citizen is covered, regardless of class or financial status. Studies show that a plurality of citizens are satisfied with this health care system, however, there are several apparent issues within the system that are in need of some alteration. Some of these issues include significant wait times and an unequal distribution of quality health care, especially for those living in rural areas. With this knowledge, one...
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...Access to Healthcare in the United States Many would argue that here, in the United States, we have the best healthcare in the world. We benefit from the most up to date medical technologies, medications, and services. People come from every corner of the world to take advantage of our top notch physicians and facilities. One would questin is this reputation warranted, and if so, at what cost? These costs rank us among the highest of industrialized nations (Lundy, 2010). Does this high expenditure equate to better outcomes? According to the National Scorecard on US Health System Performance (2008), the US received a 65 out of 100 possible points. Compared with 19 other industrialized nations, the US came in last place in preventable mortality. Preventable mortality means just that, deaths which could have been prevented if “timely and effective care” could have been provided (The Commonwealth Fund on a High Performance Health System, 2008). In 2000, the World Health Organization performed their first ever comparison of the health systems of the world. They reviewed 191 different countries and ranked them on numerous parameters, the United States ranked 37th for overall health system performance (WHO, 2000). Is it that our healthcare system is truly that poor, or is it that our care is only excellent for those patients who can actually afford it? A universal healthcare system would not only provide healthcare for all, it could also decrease our healthcare spending and potentially...
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...German & U.S. Healthcare Systems: A Comparison German & U.S. Healthcare Systems: A Comparison Mention European health care to an American, and it probably conjures up a negative stereotype — high taxes, long waiting lines, rationed care. It's not that way in Germany. Very little tax money goes into the system. The lion's share comes, as in America, from premiums paid by workers and employers to insurance companies. German health benefits are very generous. And there's usually little or no wait to get elective surgery or diagnostic tests, such as MRIs. It's one of the world's best health care systems, visible in little ways that most Germans take for granted (Knox, 2008, para. 1). The country's heath care system dates to 1883 — only a dozen years after Otto von Bismarck melded a disparate collection of kingdoms and duchies into the German Empire. The "Iron Chancellor," as Bismarck was known, persuaded the country's parliament to enact a national system of health insurance based on the guilds' sickness funds (Knox, 2008, para. 7). The 1883 health insurance law did not address the relationship between sickness funds and doctors. The funds had full authority to determine which doctors became participating doctors and to set the rules and conditions under which they did so. These rules and conditions were laid down in individual contracts. Doctors, who had grown increasingly dissatisfied with these contracts and their limited access to the practice of medicine with...
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...United States Main article: Health care reform in the United States Health care reform in the United States Healthcare reform in the US Debate over reform History Latest enacted legislation Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Senate bill - H.R. 3590) Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (H.R. 4872) preceding legislation Social Security Amendments of 1965 Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (1986) Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (1996) Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act (2003) Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act (2005) [show] More information -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This box: view· talk· edit See also: Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Maximum Out-of-Pocket Premium as Percentage of Family Income (Source: CRS) In the United States, the debate regarding healthcare reform includes questions of a right to health care, access, fairness, sustainability, quality and amounts spent by government. The mixed public-private health care system in the United States is the most expensive in the world, with health care costing more per person than in any other nation, and a greater portion of gross domestic product (GDP) is spent on it than in any other United Nations member state except...
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...Running head: MEASURING THE U.S. HEALTHCARE SYSTEM 1 Measuring The United States Healthcare System Luc John Arnaud HCM 550 Quality and Performance Improvement in Healthcare Colorado State University Global Campus Dr. Gloria Wilson March 27, 2016 MEASURING THE U.S. HEALTHCARE SYSTEM2 The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is based in Paris, France, and it is essentially an assembly that comprises over thirty members (countries) who work with each other and who all share common commitments to democratic states and market economies. The goal of the OECD is to promote and improve economic growth, prosperity, sustainable growth, and expansion of each nation (OECD United States Mission, n.d.). The OECD “tracks and reports annually on more than 1,200 health system measures across 30 industrialized countries, ranging from population health status and nonmedical determinants of health to health care resources and utilization” (Anderson, F., Squires, D., 2010, para 1). The article titled Issues in International Health Policy clearly exposed the fact that the United States of America fundamentally lacks behind the majority of other developed nations as it’s related to the efficiency, effectiveness, and solvency of its overall healthcare system industry. The facts and data within the article come from an analysis of health data from 2006 from the OECD, and one of the most troub...
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...Romanian medical services “Quality is never an accident; it is always the result of high intention, sincere effort, intelligent direction and skillful execution; it represents the wise choice of many alternatives.” ~William A. Foster Introduction In our life, health of people is the most important because it means everything since on it depends the well being of persons, families, companies, countries. All medical services should be accessible and offered at a very high level of quality which to allow and ensure future proper health status and people in good condition as active work force. If we are not able to do so we take the risk that the whole society and economy pay the price by having weak, not healthy work force, able to deliver only poor and medium results. This is the reason for which we should do our best to manage as good as possible for higher quality and continuous improvement. This paper presents Romanian payment and compensation system in comparison with some other countries’ systems and ways to improving quality of health services. Quality of Romanian and other countries health systems Medical care in Romania is generally not up to Western standards, and basic medical supplies are limited, especially outside major cities. Some medical providers that meet Western quality standards are available in Bucharest and other cities but can be difficult to locate. Sanitary conditions in hospitals are variable. Nursing care and assistance...
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...Independent Report on Clinical Laboratory Testing Services Market for an Initial Public Offering (IPO) in Egypt A Frost & Sullivan Report 2014 1|P age Disclaimer © November 2014 Frost & Sullivan The market research process for this study has been undertaken through detailed primary and secondary research, which involves discussing the status of the industry with leading industry participants and experts, and compiling inputs from publicly available sources, including official publications and research reports. The Expert Opinion Consensus Methodology has been used for the report. Quantitative market information is based primarily on such interviews and desk-based secondary research; therefore, making it subject to fluctuation. Frost & Sullivan has taken all reasonable care to insure that the information contained in this report is, to the best of its knowledge, in accordance with the facts and contains no omission likely to affect its import. In making any decision regarding the transaction, the recipient should conduct its own investigation and analysis of all facts and information contained in the prospectus of which this report is a part and the recipient must rely on its own examination and the terms of the transaction, as and when discussed. The recipient should not construe any of the contents in this report as advice relating to business, financial, legal, taxation or investment matters and are advised to consult their own business, financial, legal, taxation...
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...Medical Tourism Medical Tourism Introduction Medical tourism is the act of traveling to other countries to obtain medical, dental or cosmetic care. Medical tourism is a new term but thousands of years old act. People have been traveling across the continents in search of cures for any imaginable illnesses and making therapeutic trips for health wellness. In ancient Greece, pilgrims and patients came from all over the Mediterranean to the sanctuary of the healing god, Asklepios at Epidaurus, and from the 18th century wealthy Europeans have been traveling to spas from Germany to the Nile. In recent years, medical tourism is becoming more popular with patients seeking treatment for health and well-being purposes abroad. Medical Tourism is also known as Medical Travel, Health Tourism, Surgical Tourism, Health Travel, Treatment Abroad, Surgeries Abroad, and Medical Outsourcing. Medical Tourism Concerns Though many are eager to be the right pieces in the puzzle, many are still struggling to get the right fit. There are a number of concerns and risk factors for patients getting treatment much less seeking them abroad. Some concerns for patients include a consistent quality of care, lack of extensive dialog between the patient and the doctor, lack of post-op follow up, cultural differences and difficulty in obtaining sufficient insurance coverage. In order to mitigate the risk, it’s essential that the patient works with well reputed facilitators. Medical Tourism Accreditation ...
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...over 500,000 square miles of the southwestern Pacific Ocean midway between Hawaii and Australia. Comparatively, the area occupied by Tuvalu is about 0.1 times the size of Washington, D.C. (Tuvalu, 2007). This country is a Polynesian island nation which became a full member of the Commonwealth of Nations and subsequently the 189th member of the United Nations in 2000 (Tuvalu, 2007). In this summary, the economic development of Tuvalu will be discussed in terms of overall economic well being. The key factors of Tuvalu’s economy as well as the differences in relation to the United States economy will also be discussed. This information will provide an understanding of how this small country is able to survive economically although faced with major challenges. A Least Developed Country (LDC) is a name given to countries with a low socioeconomic development and a low Human Development Index (HDI) rating amongst all other countries worldwide. The three measures that identify a LDC status are low income, human resource weakness, and economic vulnerability (UN-OHRLLS, 2005). Tuvalu is among several countries with LDC status. However, as of January 2012, the Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) prepared an impact assessment for the Committee for Development Policy (CDP) in order to determine if Tuvalu is capable of being a developing country as opposed to a LDC. This committee found that Tuvalu fulfilled criteria that would allow it to become eligible for...
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...usually influences people’s experience of health and illness. According to Armstrong (1980), women live about average of five years longer than men but women also suffer more illnesses compared to men throughout their lifetime. The reasons for these differences have been narrowed down to two possible explanations. First of all, difference in the biological constitutions of the different sexes which means that the two different genders experiences different type of illnesses and secondly, sometimes there are gender related actions and approaches to the concept of health and illness that differs amongst gender (Annandale, 2003). In this essay, key terms such as gender, health and illness will be discussed using essay. Also, this essay will be examined in three dimensions. Firstly, the gender differences that influence people’s health and experience of illnesses will be discussed. Secondly, using evidences, gender health inequalities will also be outlined. Thirdly, the importance and relevance of a nurse being aware of these gender inequalities and differences will also be examined. The sociological definition of gender is the cultural ideas and the distinct social expectation from male and female. This is different from sex which focuses on differences based on the biological composition of the body for example reproductive function and certain characteristics for instance breast development (Johnson, 2000). According to The World Health Organisation (WHO) (2012), gender is defined...
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................................................................................ 03 b. Economics, health and education................................................................. 04 c. Employment................................................................................................... 05 d. Technology and facilitating mechanisms..................................................... 06 4. CHANGES IN DIETARY PATTERNS ............................................................... 07 a. Dietary convergence ..................................................................................... 07 b. Dietary adaptation ....................................................................................... 08 i. Lifestyle changes and adaptation of meal patterns........................... 08 ii. Street foods......................................................................................... 09 iii. Supermarkets ..................................................................................... 09 iv. Fast food industry .............................................................................. 09 v. Role of advertising .............................................................................. 10 5. DIET-RELATED HEALTH AND NUTRITION CHALLENGES .................. 10 6. BROAD CONCERNS...
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...International Medical Graduates: A Web-based Comparison P McGrath1, A Wong2, H Holewa1 1 International Program of Psycho-Social Health Research, CQU, Milton, Queensland, Australia 2 Department of Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Published: April 2011 McGrath P, Wong A, Holewa H Canadian and Australian Licensing Policies for International Medical Graduates: A Web-based Comparison Education for Health, Volume 24, Issue 1, 2011 Available from: http://www.educationforhealth.net/ ABSTRACT Context: The increasing global mobility of physicians and severe physician shortages of many countries has led to an increasing reliance on International Medical Graduates (IMGs) by countries including Australia and Canada. Objectives: A web-based comparison of licensing policies for IMGs in Australia and Canada to inform and improve policies in each country. Methods: The research involved identification of relevant government and medical regulatory bodies’ official websites documenting information on the licensing process for IMGs from each respective country; in-depth examination and comparison of the licensing processes outlined on these sites; and compilation of a comprehensive list of similarities and differences. Findings: While difficult entry requirements are imposed in Canada, once full registration is achieved IMGs have the same membership rights as Canadian medical graduates and their separate status (nominally) ends. In Australia, IMGs are allowed...
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