...................... Andrew J. Whittle Chairman, Departmental Committee on Graduate Studies BARKER Design Considerations for Retractable-roof Stadia by Andrew H. Frazer Submitted to the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering on May 20, 2005 in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Engineering in Civil and Environmental Engineering ABSTRACT As existing open-air or fully enclosed stadia are reaching their life expectancies, cities are choosing to replace them with structures with moving roofs. This kind of facility provides protection from weather for spectators, a natural grass playing surface for players, and new sources of revenue for owners. The first retractable-roof stadium in North America, the Rogers Centre, has hosted numerous successful events but cost the city of Toronto over CA$500 million. Today, there are five retractable-roof stadia in use in America. Each has very different structural...
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...Major League Soccer’s Los Angeles Galaxy and Chivas USA” (Anschutz Entertainment Group, 2012). It is also the national training center for both the Men and Women national soccer teams. AEG also controls many facilities worldwide, in Europe in controls the O2 area in London and the O2 World arena in Berlin, The Hamburg Arena in Hamburg, the Ahoy arena in Rotterdam and the Globe Arena in Stockholm. In Asia it controls the Wukesong Arena in Beijing and the Qatar National Convention Center in Doha. AEG also controls Acer Arena in Sydney Australia. AEG owns a share in an impressive number of sports teams around the world and has a firm grip some of the largest sporting franchises and various sports. AEG part owns the Los Angeles Galaxy, Houston Dynamo’s Major League soccer teams and the Hammarby soccer club which is the most popular soccer club in Stockholm and among the most popular soccer clubs in Sweden (Anschutz Entertainment Group, 2012). AEG part owns various hockey teams from around the world that include that LA Kings that play in the NHL, the Ontario Reign and Reading Royals that play in the ECHL. AEG also owns hockey teams in Stockholm, Berlin, Manchester and...
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...Business Problem The goal for every firm is to increase earnings, and it is no different for Major League Baseball (MLB) teams. A Major League Baseball team can reasonably expect to make the most money when they win more games due to more advertising sales, merchandise sales, etc. as a team becomes more popular. However, the way in which to increase winning percentage of a team has always been highly debated. Some of the most popular opinions on how to do this have been to: 1) increase a team’s payroll, 2) decrease the age of the team by signing younger players, and 3) increase attendance at baseball games. First, since MLB does not have a salary cap, some teams focus on the aspect of having a large team payroll to acquire more talented players. Many people, such as economist Dr. Gerald Scully, believe this to be one reason why large market teams such as the LA Dodgers and NY Yankees always perform above average. He states, “How good a professional sports team is depends, of course, on the quality of its players. Because teams compete for better players by offering higher salaries, the quality of a team depends largely on how strong it is financially. The financially stronger teams will, on average, be the better teams. And they will also, on average, be the ones in bigger cities, because more revenues can be made in bigger cities.” (Scully) Second, some teams will acquire younger, up-and-coming players, in the belief that these players are in their prime and may be less prone...
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...Fatawu Mahama English H101 Prof. Kathleen Brady 14th November 2013 Sports Now a Business Sports is now a money making business in the human culture. In the United States, Every day millions of office and break time conversations center on the local team’s most recent performance, an upcoming game, the impending draft, the current coach, the future coach, and so on. according to the existing records, in United States of America, there are less than 110 Teams of the 4 main organized professional sports, basketball, baseball, hockey, and, football participating in the main League level fixtures annually. There are less than 90 Stadiums spread over 25 States. Today, sports has become a money making alternative for not only players but also the coaches or managers, the media, and schools participating in sports. Salaries for professional athletes continue to escalate each year. From Alex Rodriguez’s record, $252 million contract to David Beckham’s $50 million per year enticement to join the LA Galaxy soccer team, most sports fans believe that professional athletes, in general, are overpaid and not worth their salaries. Yet for the professional athlete, maximizing compensation is critical, given the short careers and health risks associated with the sports profession. Thus, athletes and their agents often look to see what others within their sport are paid in an effort to negotiate...
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...The Top Five Market Research Articles of Q3 2012 By Kathryn Korostoff and Todd Haylon, Research Rockstar LLC We live in an instant gratification society, or so it is widely said. If we want something (be it information or products), we click a few buttons, then wait for it to be delivered—instantly or via overnight shipping. One can debate the societal implications of this, or embrace the shift. For now, we choose to embrace it by bringing our version of instant gratification to market research article reading. No time to flip through pages of ads and irrelevant articles to find the gems? Here are our picks for the best market research articles of Q3 2012, in no particular order. Measuring Emotions Through a Mobile Device Across Borders, Ages, Genders, and More September 2012 ESOMAR Conference Authors: Rolfe Swinton and Rana El Kaliouby Remember when measuring consumer emotions was a new field that required clunky equipment? That day has long since passed. In this paper Rolfe Swinton and Rana El Kaliouby discuss the use of mobile devices to capture immediate facial and verbal responses to advertisements. Today’s smartphones are essentially handheld computers. And they have become widely used; indeed. Nielsen estimates over half of US adults have one. Smartphones, as our title suggests, span across age, gender, and many other demographics, allowing researchers to gather broad data. Swinton and El Kaliouby started by testing smartphones as a way to investigate...
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...MLB’s Return on Investment University of Phoenix RES341: Research and Evaluation I May 10, 2010 MLB’s Return of Investment In 1842, organized baseball, now known as Major League Baseball (MLB), was created (Haupert, 2007). Since then, the industry has grown tremendously as a business enterprise and as many Americans’ favorite pastime. With its popularity, several controversial issues have arisen over the last few decades in regards to players’ salaries and imbalance of competition. From 1975 to 2002, the average MLB players’ salaries increased 5200% (Haupert, 2007) and competition concerns have been addressed by developing the luxury tax and revenue sharing throughout the industry (DeMause, 2006). To investigate these issues further, Team D is studying the relationship between MLB players’ salary, team wins, attendance and market. At the end of the research process, Team D anticipates reaching a valid conclusion to determine whether higher salaries (investment) are justified by increased attendance (return), and if there is a large inequality between large and small markets. Research Objectives The objective of this study is to determine the return of investment (attendance) on the salary structures present in MLB teams and if there is a disparity between “large” and “small” market teams in providing a successful product. The investigation will focus on the relationship between salaries, wins, attendance, and market sizes of MLB teams. Throughout...
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...Robert Wesoloski Andrew Gross Nigel Whitney Table of Contents Executive Summary……………………………………………………………………………….2 Background Company mission statement and information Financial Macro environmental factors………………………………………………………………..4 Social and culture Demographics Economics Technological Political SWOT Analysis………………………………………………………………………………………6 Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Marketing Planning……………………………………………………………………………….7 Marketing Objectives Marketing research Target Markets………………………………………………………………………………………8 Measurement………………………………………………………………………………………..8 Implementation……………………………………………………………………………………..9 Messaging Packaging Distribution Control Branding and Positioning Marketing Mix……………………………………………………………………………………….11 Product Price Place Promotion References………………………………………………………………………………………………12 Executive Summary and Introduction Our vision at Anheuser-Busch is to add to life’s enjoyment through our products, relationships and services. With our Mission being to be the best beer company in the world, while still enrich and entertaining. We also wish to give amazing results to the shareholders and the community. We try to bring to life our dream to be the best beer company in the world. Our goal is to connect our efforts to a collective responsibility we share with our employees, consumers, wholesalers, retailers, law enforcement, elected officials, educators and other partners. After all, these are...
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...Do Alcohol Ads Deliberately Target Our Youth? To question if alcohol ads deliberately target our youth is almost irrelevant. Everyone has their own opinion and views on alcohol and its advertising. There has been countless amounts of research done on every aspect of alcohol. Anything can be advertised, but it does not do any good to advertise something without first finding an audience. It does not matter what the brand, product, or item is that the advertiser is trying to sell. All good advertisers know who their audience is and what they want to hear. Although underage drinking is against the law alcohol advertisements are shown to many people under the legal age. All advertisers know that although teenagers cannot legally consume alcohol they want to include teenagers in their audience because while it is still illegal now they will be twenty one and legal one day. The question is not so much do they target youth as much as it is do they target youth to young? Though alcohol consumption has decreased slightly in the last 15 years, alcohol use continues to be a major public health issue among youth according to the CDC (11). Actually, alcohol is the number one health and safety risk for young people. Over 74% of high school students have had at least one alcoholic drink; over 25% have tried alcohol before age 13 (17). In 2004, a study by Chisholm and Rehm estimated drinking by youth accounted for at least 16% of all alcohol sales in 2001(787). It has begun to...
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...Competitive Dynamics in Emirates Airlines Quest for Global Expansion Paul Mugendi MBA 604 Embry Riddle Aeronautical University May 2014 Executive Summary In an industry beset by unpredictable geo-political factors and cyclical crises, only one international carrier has consistently managed to increase revenue and report a profit for the last 25 years. This carrier is Emirates airline (Riva, 2013). Emirates has managed to achieve in less than three decades what giant and well established global carriers like British and Lufthansa managed in about five decades, and that is to serve all five continents without any alliances or partnerships. The objective of this term paper is to analyze some of the competitive dynamics that Emirates, legacy airlines and regional rivals have had to contend with and how Emirates has managed to come out on top especially in some business-hostile territories like North America and Europe. The history and origins of the Emirates airlines are highlighted as this paper outlines the business strategy that has propelled the carrier to international stardom. Also articulated from the research is the ambitious expansion that has European rivals worried and in some cases like Canada, the government stepping in to protect local carriers. The paper concludes by examining the viability of the carrier maintaining the growth and profitability curve and the expected rebound from regional carriers who seem to be currently languishing in losses as Emirates...
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...League Baseball (MLB) added four, the National Football League (NFL) added three, and the National Basketball Association (NBA) added five teams. In addition, several new leagues were launched in the 1990s with aspirations of becoming prominent national properties, most notably Major League Soccer (MLS) and the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). By 2001, each of the Big 4 leagues had reached a saturation point, having established franchises in nearly every market capable of sustaining a major sports property. A few markets remain available for certain leagues. For example, Los Angeles has not had an NFL team since the Rams abandoned LA for a new stadium in St. Louis in 1995. While the NFL would love to have a franchise in the country’s 3rd largest television market, the lack of a modern, “NFL-ready” stadium has prevented a team from filling this attractive...
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...Market feasibility overview Hempstead, NY June 2012 MOVIE THEATRE Overview Members of Renew Hempstead have suggested and shown strong support for development of a movie theatre in downtown Hempstead. Renaissance Downtowns engaged our firm to explore the potential market viability of a movie theatre. This brief summarizes our findings. In comments on the Renew Hempstead website, members recommended the following possible characteristics for a downtown movie theatre: Small community theatre Smoke free Locally owned, not a chain Security Collaborate with Hofstra Not too many seats in one theatre Host student films, documentaries Stage for open mic night Family nights Alternating screen Should have regular snacks Solar power Free wifi Reduced ticket price for bringing in Mini arcade inside recycled things Lounge area Recycled popcorn bags as well as cups Stores inside the movie theatre Every fifth visit is free A little bar for older people Major motion ...
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...An Analysis of the Impact of the Jock Tax on a Regional Basis Prepared for Professor McWhite Economics 5900 Spring 2016 Prepared by Zachary Zahedi Zahedi16@uga.edu 22 April 2016 Abstract: The study focuses on the marginal tax rate that professional football players face in the United States. This tax rate, which is assessed based on the proportion of days spent in the state of work throughout the NFL season, is called the jock tax. NFL players are not the only professional athletes in the United States that face this tax, however, the structure of their pay and the salary cap figures make the analysis the most manageable. After examining specific player data, my study determined that were significant discrepancies between a player’s effective tax rate within their conference and division and the average salary differences. The argument that critics have against the jock tax claim that players may be severely detrimental to the after tax earnings of all NFL players. Section I: Introduction According to a recent study in early 2016, the state of California collected just over $229 million from nonresident athletes due to the imposition of the ‘jock tax’ in 2013 (Artz, 2016). California is among 19 states that impose the jock tax on athletes that are visiting said states for performing in professional sporting events. The jock tax represents an auxiliary income tax imposed on nonresidents by the state in which the players are traveling. For example, a player...
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...Table Of Contents: Introduction SEAT: A Brief History Performance in recent years Weaknesses, Threats ad Opportunities Marketing Techniques and Motor Sport SEAT in the UK and Ireland Conclusions Bibliography Introduction: I have decided to write my dissertation on the Spanish car manufacturer, SEAT. I will examine how the company came into being in 1950 and how it got to where it is today i.e. a market leader in European and worldwide car sales. The reason I have chosen SEAT for the subject of my dissertation is that I have an interest in car companies and when researching potential topics SEAT interested me as it was the first real Spanish car company and the story of its rise to prominence was a very interesting one. In researching the topic I have found a number of valuable sources including books I located in the UCC library and a number of online sources such as journals and other websites. The opening chapter of my dissertation will be on the history of SEAT and its relationship with Fiat and later with Volkswagen. I will then examine SEAT as a modern day company, its recent performance and the direction in which it is headed. I will then look at the company’s advertising and marketing techniques, both historically and currently, as well as its role as a subsidiary of the Volkswagen group. Finally, I will draw a number of conclusions stating my findings, what I found most interesting...
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...serious environmental damage to wild animals and water pollution. BP was accused of their irresponsibility that it took 87 days before the well was closed and sealed. BP’s shares plummeted to the lowest point since 1996. The communities around the Gulf of Mexico blamed BP for their carelessness and appealed for more actions to recover their low income life. BP has already established $20 billion fund to respond the situation in the Gulf of Mexico. However, according to recent research, the amount of the money is not enough to straighten out the crisis. In order to examine the case, we performed PEST and SWOT analysis methods. We focused on evaluating economic and socio-cultural factors that were the major elements had affects on BP’s public image. At the same time, we analyzed and key strengths and opportunities that essential for BP to revitalize its brand image. Our analysis revealed two crucial factors. First, BP’s own fund is not enough. Second, there can be more effective solutions to sew up the company’s mishap. Based on those finding, we determined that BP should play more active role in the crisis and our solution is to create a worldwide oil trust fund that will gather the power of all oil companies. The purpose of this fund will be collecting money for extra help in such situations, due to the case...
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...chak de phattey The Call for Participation for Wikimania 2009 has been released. Submit your presentations before April 15. [Hide] [Help us with translations!] Enron scandal From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Enron Corporation Type Defunct / Asset-less Shell Founded Omaha, Nebraska, 1985 Headquarters Houston, Texas, United States Key people Kenneth Lay, Founder, former Chairman and CEO Jeffrey Skilling, former President, CEO and COO Andrew Fastow, former CFO Rebecca Mark-Jusbasche, former Vice Chairman, Chairman and CEO of Enron International Stephen F. Cooper, Interim CEO and CRO John J. Ray, III, Chairman Industry formerly Energy Revenue $101 billion (in 2000) Employees approx. 22,000 in 2000 approx. 4 as of 2008. Website http://www.enron.com/ The Enron scandal was a financial scandal involving Enron Corporation (former NYSE ticker symbol: ENE) and its accounting firm Arthur Andersen, that was revealed in late 2001. After a series of revelations involving irregular accounting procedures conducted throughout the 1990s, Enron was on the verge of bankruptcy by November 2001. A white knight rescue attempt by a similar, smaller energy company, Dynegy, was not viable. Enron filed for bankruptcy on December 2, 2001. As the scandal was revealed, Enron shares dropped from over US$90.00 to less than 50¢. Enron's plunge occurred after revelations that much of its profits and revenue were the result of deals with special...
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