...1. There were many causes of the Columbian exchange. One cause of the Columbian exchange was the European colonization of the Americas. After Columbus discovered the Americas he inspired the Europeans to go on explorations to the Americas. Explorers felt the need for exploration because of technology advances, and the need for resources and a new route to Asia and increased wealth. As Explorers traveled the globe they spread and collected new plants, animals, and ideas around the globe as they traveled therefore leading to the Columbian exchange between the Americas and Europe, Asia and Africa. 2.There were many effects of the Columbian exchange on the Americas. One effect was increased disease and death of people. It resulted in unimaginable...
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...II. Toward a World Economy The “Columbian Exchange” of Disease and Food The West’s Commercial Outreach Imbalances in World Trade The Expansionist Trend a. During the 16th and 17th centuries, Native Americans were wiped out due to Afro-European diseases such as smallpox and measles. This occurred over a 150 year period because there was no natural immunity. Other exchanges occurred for crops such as corn and sweet potato, horses, and cattle. b. Europe was in charge of ocean shipping and although they did not conquer as much land they did however gain many ports. c. Europe was its own competition in trade as it looked for valuable good. The growing economic was dominated by core nations and followed mercantilism. They also relied...
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...The Columbian Exchange is the most significant reason for the Europeans, North Americans and Latin Americans having so much in common despite their geographical distances. The Columbian Exchange was established around 1500. It was an international trade of plants, animals, people, cultures, technology and ideas between Europe and the Americas. Following Columbus’ discovery of the New World, Europeans began to colonize the New World. The exchange of crops, animals, and people became to be known as the Columbian Exchange. Many crops were exchanged specifically tobacco, sweet potato, quinine, avocado, peppers, cassava, peanut, potato, tomato, corn, beans, vanilla, pumpkin, squash, coco beans and pineapple from the Americas to Europe. Crops from...
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...Although Africa initially had limited contact with the Americas and Europe, interaction gradually grew with the demand for slave labor overseas and spread devastating illnesses amongst the natives. Economies of all three regions expanded as well from the integration of crops and importation of slaves from Africa. In the early 1500s, Africa did not play a large part in the global economy, but when Europeans began settling in the Americas, slave labor became more popular, pulling Africa into the trade between the three regions. The European migrants also instigated epidemics in newly discovered civilizations as immunity had not yet been established. Also, the established system of communication allowed for the regions to experience various crops, opening a new method of economic flourish. In 1492, there was an initial low demand for slaves, resulting in little contact between Africa, the Americas, and Europe. Labor wasn’t yet needed while Europeans were newly settling in the Americas. In Brazil, the Portuguese settlers could not find laborers as easily because the people of Brazil were opposed to the settlers’ attempt to use them. As a result, they turned to the labor source of African slaves; large scale reliance on African labor began in the 1580s. With the new need for slaves, there was a heavy toll on slave communities as the labor demands of cane cultivation and sugar increased. In the eighteenth century, the slave trade heavily flourished with almost a hundred thousand...
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...Influence of the Columbian Exchange History of Colonial Latin America Prof. Young Maria Gabriela Garcia The Columbian Exchange has been one of the most significant and influential events in the history of the world, concerning mainly of the widespread exchange of plants, animals, human population, diseases, ideas and technology. This term refers to the exchanges occurred between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres after 1492, Columbus’ voyages. Overall, the Columbian Exchange made a huge impact on both the Old World and the New World, including changes in production of crops, spread of diseases, and migration. The plants that comprised the Columbian Exchange, changed both the economy and the culture in the Old and New World....
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...In this short video John Green talks about changes that came about from the old world to the new. He does this referencing a history book by Alfred Cosby Jr. known as “The Columbian Exchange”. The Columbian Exchange is biological and cultural exchanges between the Old world and New world. There are many exchanges ranging from plants to technology. “While native people, plants, and animals were being displaced in the Americas, the rest of the world was benefitting from American imports, especially foods like maize, tomatoes, potatoes, pineapple, blueberries, sweet potatoes, and manioc.” Some social effects of the Columbian Exchange in the New World were the advancement in agricultural production and increased mortality rates are just two examples...
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...many key events that shaped the world today took place. Including, the exploration of trade routes to Asia from Europe, the rise of capitalism and mercantilism, demographic recovery from the Bubonic Plague, but the most important event was the Columbian Exchange. The demographic and environmental effects of the Columbian Exchange, between 1492 to 1750, on the Americas are similar to that of Europe, in terms of introduction of crops and the movement of native people, yet they differ when discussing the change in the population. A similarity between the environmental effects of the Columbian Exchange between Europe and the Americas, was the introduction of new crops and livestock. The new crops came from both Europe...
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...Drastically Impacted World History has been impacted by so many civilizations and trade it is quite unbelievable. Yet, what is a great example of World History being impacted? A good example of World History being impacted or altered is the Columbian Exchange. The Columbian Exchange is not just about the mere exchange of trades and goods. It includes the idea that the Europeans changed the very culture of many people in different areas. For one, the Europeans brought a smallpox epidemic to the America’s, which almost wiped out the people living there. This is not the only way Europeans impacted other civilizations. Many people living in China received many new crops. One crop in particular is the potato. The potato will eventually become important...
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...The Columbian Exchange was the transatlantic trade of crops, technology, and culture between the Americas and Europe, Africa and Asia. The exchange began in 1492 with Columbus’ first voyage. There were many causes and effects of the exchange, some which had a favorable outcome but some were calamitous. The most crucial long-term effects were the exchange of products, the import of slaves, and the sub-sequential life on the continents. During the Columbian Exchange, one of the most important outcomes was the exchange of products because of the contrasting effects it had on the Americas, Europe, Africa, and Asia. When the Europeans came to the Americas, they brought some things that were new to the Native Americans such as, wheat, cows, horses, firearms, laws, languages and customs. Also, when the Europeans returned they brought back peanuts, pineapples, tomato, potatoes, cocoa, and tobacco. Although there were many benefits to the exchange they were far from compensated from the misery that came. Native Americans were used as forced labor before slaves were brought from Africa. Furthermore, diseases spread rapidly due to the fact that the Native Americans had no prior exposure to these diseases which made them susceptible to...
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...DOK Level 1 – Question: What did Christopher Columbus discover instead of the route west to Asia? Everyone thinks that he discovered America, but he actually discovered numerous Caribbean islands. Those islands were the Bahamas and Hispaniola (which is present-day Dominican Republic and Haiti). He also explored the border of Central and South America. DOK Level 2 – Question: What was the Columbian Exchange and what was a cause/effect because of it? The Columbian Exchange was a period of biological and cultural transfers between the Old World (Europe) and the New World. This started with Christopher Columbus’s voyage of 1492. This altered the life of Native Americans and Europeans. Since Christopher Columbus and his crew probably brought diseases...
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...The Columbian Exchange is similar as if you trading something for receiving something that you’ve never seen before and neither did the other guy. The exchange made it where a different countries could experiment and revolutionize with the items that were brought from the other world. Plants, animals, people, and diseases changed the Americas and the Europeans history. During the age of exploration, many ships were hauling cattle and crops, they didn’t know that they carrying an unknown passenger, smallpox. It’s a disease that was very easily contagious, that caused high fever, fatigue, headaches, and backaches. Also smallpox killed somewhat one third of Europe’s population. And the Europeans were sailing to the new land to transfer the goods. In a few days, less than fifty percent of the Americas were infected. The explorers left and brought something with them, obliviously some new cattle and crops, they also brought syphilis. It was more like a STD and can be caught by touching an infected person or sexually. The disease kick in Europe in 1493. Many Europeans, like the Italians called the French disease, the French called it the Disease of Naples, Poland called it the German Disease, and Russia called it the Polish disease. Mainly everyone didn’t know who brought the disease to Europe....
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...Thousands dropping per day, millions of dead already. The black death, also known as the bubonic plague spread so fast that no one could do anything about it. The columbian exchange was a large part of the black death especially since the things who infected people lived on ships and boats. The reason the Black Death was named the Black Death was because the things that infected people were lack rats and fleas. You could get infected by either getting butten by a rat, or being bitten by a flea. The fleas were not actually infected with the disease though, the fleas carried the disease with themafter biting a rat. The flas could not digest all of the rats blood when sucking it, so it would carry it to the next person,it bites. The next person...
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...The exchange of ideas and goods encouraged imperialism (completely taking over and economic investment that causes quasi-imperialism) and the taking over of countries in order to boost the power that a country has. The exchange of goods is what prompted Christopher Columbus to first set out across the Atlantic Ocean in search of a western route to the Indies. This was done in hopes of finding a safer, and faster route rather than fighting pirates in the mediterranean or having to go around Africa or traveling by the silk road in order to get to the Indies. Christopher Columbus set out in an imperialist manner and expected to take over the different lands that he came across in hopes of securing more goods and power for his Spanish funders. While in a couple places in his letters to his funders he mentions spreading Christianity among the natives, Columbus mostly talks about trade and the imbalance that he sees as the natives give away things that he considers of great value in exchange for such trifles as...
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...Evolutionary Anthropology 21:50–57 (2012) ISSUES The Science Behind Pre-Columbian Evidence of Syphilis in Europe: Research by Documentary GEORGE J. ARMELAGOS, MOLLY K. ZUCKERMAN, AND KRISTIN N. HARPER This article discusses the presentation of scientific findings by documentary, without the process of peer review. We use, as an example, PBS’s ‘‘The Syphilis Enigma,’’ in which researchers presented novel evidence concerning the origin of syphilis that had never been reviewed by other scientists. These ‘‘findings’’ then entered the world of peer-reviewed literature through citations of the documentary itself or material associated with it. Here, we demonstrate that the case for pre-Columbian syphilis in Europe that was made in the documentary does not withstand scientific scrutiny. We also situate this example from paleopathology within a larger trend of ‘‘science by documentary’’ or ‘‘science by press conference,’’ in which researchers seek to bypass the peer review process by presenting unvetted findings directly to the public. George J. Armelagos is Goodrich C. White Professor of Anthropology at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. His research has focused on diet and disease in prehistory. He was the Viking Medal Medalist (Wenner-Gren Foundation) in 2005, received The Franz Boas Award for Exemplary Service to Anthropology from the American Anthropological Association in 2008, and The Charles Darwin Award for Lifetime Achievement to Biological Anthropology...
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...years. It stood as the largest settled community in what is now the United States until surpassed超过 in population by New York and Philadelphia around 1800. “cousinocracy” : In the early colony period, America had no title aristocracy贵族 as in Britain. But throughout British America, men of prominence突出卓越 controlled colonial government. In Virginia, the upper class was so tightly knit and intermarried so often that the colony was said to be governed by a “cousinocracy.” Loyalists拥护者：Loyalists—those who retained their allegiance效忠 to the crown—experienced the conflict and its aftermath后果 as a loss of liberty. Many leading Loyalists had supported American resistance in the 1760s Columbian Exchange： The transatlantic大西洋彼岸（美国） flow of goods and people is sometimes called the Columbian Exchange. The transatlantic flow of goods and people that began with Columbus’s voyages in 1492. Stono Rebellion A slave uprising in 1739 in South Carolina that led to a severe tightening of the slave code and the temporary imposition of a prohibitive tax on imported slaves. Lemuel Haynes 名 : Lemuel Haynes, a black member of the Massachusetts militia民兵 and later a celebrated minister, urged Americans to “extend” their conception of freedom. Black Legend: Idea that the Spanish New World Empire was more oppressive沉重压迫 toward the Indians than other European empires; was used as a justification for English imperial expansion. American Enlightenment 启蒙运动 教化: During the eighteenth century...
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