...Shepard Krech III offers an in-depth analysis of historical Aboriginal peoples’ behaviour in his book “The Ecological Indian.” Accounts of Aboriginal peoples’ origins and traditions are dissected and investigated in an effort to determine their level of concern for the environment. Krech delves into the state of the world during the Pleistocene era and eventually considers the state of the New World during the time of the fur trade. Krech is very critical of Aboriginal peoples’ reputation as natural conservationists. I believe that Krech manipulates evidence in ways that favor his argument. This might be a given for a controversial topic, but the author goes too far in deprioritizing information that supports Aboriginal peoples as historical conservationists. Krech’s rhetoric flows over and under major points that support the idea of the Ecological Indian, moving swiftly past them and on to evidence that portrays Aboriginal peoples as wasteful and abusive to nature. Krech introduces the concept of the Ecological Indian by discussing the 1960’s advertising campaign of the “Crying Indian”, who seemed to mourn for the polluted environment. Krech correctly considers the Crying Indian to contain several subtle points – Aboriginal peoples are the victim of White pollution; Aboriginal groups treat land and resources with respect. By using an upset Aboriginal man, this advertising company set Aboriginal peoples against white people, as defenders against attackers. Krech considers the Crying...
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...AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINALS Dana Weaver Ant101 Introduction to Cultural Anthropology Prof. Steven Sager Sept 2, 2012 In this paper, I will explain in detail how the kinship system works with the Australian Aboriginals. I will also explain how this system relates to how the live and interact in their society. I also want to compare their kinship system with ours here in America. The Aboriginals culture is a very complex and diverse culture. The Indigenous cultures of Australia are the oldest living culture in the world. “They go back at 50,000 years. ( http://australia.gov.au) They survived that long because of their ability to adapt to their environment and change over time. The Aboriginals are divided into small groups called clans. The clan’s usually had a common ancestor and they all considered themselves related.”(Australian.gov.au) Members of tribes distinguished themselves from each other through their dialects.” There were probably about 600 tribes within Australia in 1788, when the first Europeans arrived.” (indigenousaustralia.info)Tribes that spoke closely related dialects often grouped themselves together under the term of being a nation. “Australian Aboriginal kinship is the system of law governing social interaction, particularly marriage, in traditional Australian Aboriginal culture.”( wikipedia.org ) It is an integral part of the culture of every Aboriginal group across Australia. “The system of kinship put everybody in a specific relationship...
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...history of Canada has gone through various events, some of which produced a nightmare for the country and from which the people as well as the leaders are still trying to awake, while making sure that such events do not take place ever again. In this essay I discuss the Canadian Ethnic problems and it's multiculturalism by mainly focus on two typical examples :the aboriginal people and the Chinese who have suffered injustice through out the history in different aspects such as politics and cultural. And later ,by looking at the current situations of the Canadian ethnicity in general and going over the past decisions that the government had made, I try to suggest the possible solutions. Introduction: As we all know, Canada is a country with large immigrants. Therefore , the history of Canada is largely the history of the meeting of different cultures. As its early settlers are mostly immigrants from Central and Western Europe, European culture is playing a dominant role in Canada's culture. Since the eightieth of the twentieth century, as the number of immigrants from different parts increased significantly, the new immigrants brought in their own culture with them as well. Thus, people are now feeling more of the tensions between those cultures and of prejudice felt among these groups toward one another. For this reason, how to deal with the relationship between the different nationalities became a big problem for the Canada...
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...of the Labor Party from 1967 to 1977. Noel Pearson is an Aboriginal Australian lawyer, academic and land rights activist. Since the end of the 1990s his focus has encompassed a range of issues: he has strongly argued that Indigenous policy needs to change direction, notably in relation to welfare, substance abuse, child protection, education and economic development. Why Noel Pearson personally is grateful to Gough Whitlam “In June 1975, the Whitlam government enacted the Aboriginal and Torres...
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...vs. The Native American Vision Quest There are many different tribes all around the world that have their own individual types of rituals they perform for a rite of passage. This paper will discuss the differences and the similarities between an Austalian Aborigine walkabout versus a Native American vision quest, and how and why the differences may exist. The ancestors of today's Aboriginal people arrived in Australia about 50,000 years ago. Scientists believe that these first people came by boat from the Southeastern part of Asia which was the closest land that was inhabited by human beings at that time. This consisted from the tropical rain forests to the central deserts. There were probably from 500,000 to 1 million Aboriginal people living in Australia when European settlers first reached the island continent in 1788 (Rose, D 2014). So it’s safe to say these type practices have been around for a very long time. The aborigine were the first people of Australia. “The word aborigine comes from the Latin phrase ab origine, meaning from the beginning. When spelled with a small a, the word aborigines refers to any people whose ancestors were the first people to live in a country” (Rose, D, 2014). Also, the world was not evolved like it is today, so this type of scenario would seem more common and accepted because life was a lot more difficult long ago. The aborigine to this day, still performs rite of passage ceremonies by sending their young male children, generally...
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...Social Development Session 3 2010. APA Date submitted: 17th December 2010. via EASTS I, Brett Burt, have read and understood the Charles Sturt University Plagiarism Policy. I declare that this assignment is my own original work and represents my intellectual property. It does not contain the work of others without appropriate reference being made. Essay Question ‘Critically discuss the meaning of international social work and social development and demonstrate your understanding of the integrated perspectives approach by analysing and applying to an issue such as local level development, poverty, post conflict reconstructions, forced displacement.’ International social work seems to mean different things to different people in different communities, across the globe. Even the term ‘social work’ is often hard to pin down in the Western tradition. The first ‘constant’ seems to be the history of the development of social work in Britain after the Industrial Revolution and then across the western world predominantly in the United States. Second, social work as a profession arose as the result of the issues thrown up by the Industrial Revolution, such as mass movements away from rural based living, agricultural jobs reduced, with massive technological innovations commencing as far back as the development of the steam engine. Third, social work as a profession is united by its values which are social justice and a need to attend to social welfare (in the context...
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...The focus of UNCC100 is on the theme of the common good: how we think about what is needed in order for all people to flourish in society. UNCC300 shifts this focus from the social to the individual, although of course, we can never think about the individual without reference to the broader context of society. In this unit, we are going to consider what it means to be a human being, and more particularly, how we can understand the notion of human worth, or value. This is what we are referring to when we talk about human dignity. Activity 1 Complete some research on Rosa Parks . 1. Who was she? 2. What impact did Rosa Parks have on the US Civil Rights movement? 3. What impact do you think Rosa Parks has had on our understanding of human dignity today? 4. There have been numerous songs written about Rosa Parks. The Neville Brothers recorded “Sister Rosa” in 1989. Click the link to hear the song and follow the lyrics. http://pancocojams.blogspot.com.au/2012/01/two-songs-about-rosa-parks-lyrics.html Human dignity is probably a very familiar expression, because the concept is part of many conversations taking place in the contemporary world. At the same time, once we begin to think about it, we find that the basis of human dignity can be understood in a number of different ways. As David McCabe points out: Most discussions of important moral and political issues, along with our everyday reflections on how others should be treated, occur against a background assumption...
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...16. Will they be Friendly? One question that has plagued the minds of many an educated mind while living on planet earth is the existence of alien life. The earth, which is often referred to as ‘the world’, is the third planet from the Sun and the fifth largest of the eight planets in our Solar System. The earth is only a tiny part of our universe, which is made up of many planets, galaxies, clusters and super clusters. With such an enormous universe, it would be outrageous to even contemplate that there is no extraterrestrial life out there. With this question being so prominent, another question arises and that is ‘if there is other species of life out there, will they be friendly?’ From this question, we can make an assessment on whether we should be advertising our presence by sending messages to stars or just staying quiet. Extraterrestrial life is defined as life that does not originate from earth. ‘Referred to as alien life, or simply aliens these hypothetical forms of life range from simple bacteria-like organisms to beings far more complex than humans’1. Earth is moderately young compared to the rest of the universe, so therefore one can only assume these extra-terrestrials would be far more advanced and complex then ourselves. Although many scientists consider extra-terrestrial life to be plausible, no direct evidence has yet been found. If they do exist, we come back to our will they be friendly question, and we can use certain theories to explore this. A phrase that...
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...The Métis are an Aboriginal group of people comprised of descendants from First Nation women and European men. In the earliest days of European settlements, it was encouraged in French colonizing policy to marry First Nation people, to better the relationship among Natives. This was during the height of the fur trade in the eightieth and ninetieth century. They are one of three recognized Aboriginal peoples of Canada. They make up 32.3% of the total Aboriginal population and 1.4% of Canada. The word Métis means mixed in French and comes from the Latin verb miscēre, “to mix”, which was originally a word used for the children. Over the years, the word Métis has developed its own cultural identity referring to people within the community. Most Métis identify spiritually with being Catholic, instead of Protestant like the rest of Canada. The difference between other First Nation groups is that there is no legal definition on who qualifies as being Métis . The Métis people originated mostly from Western Canada, but started spreading out from the Red River Settlement. The Red River Settlement...
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...Copyright © eContent Management Pty Ltd. Contemporary Nurse (2007) 24: 33–44. Telling stories: Nurses, politics and Aboriginal Australians, circa 1900–1980s ABSTRACT The focus of this paper is stories by, and about (mainly non-Aboriginal) Registered Nurses working in hospitals and clinics in remote areas of Australia from the early 1900s to the 1980s as they came into contact with, or cared for, Aboriginal people. Government policies that controlled and regulated Aboriginal Australians provide the context for these stories. Memoirs and other contemporary sources reveal the ways in which government policies in different eras influenced nurse’s attitudes and clinical practice in relation to Aboriginal people, and helped institutionalise racism in health care. Up until the 1970s, most nurses in this study unquestioningly accepted firstly segregation, then assimilation policies and their underlying paternalistic ideologies, and incorporated them into their practice. The quite marked politicisation of Aboriginal issues in the 1970s in Australia and the move towards selfdetermination for Aboriginal people politicised many – but not all – nurses. For the first time, many nurses engaged in a robust critique of government policies and what this meant for their practice and for Aboriginal health. Other nurses, however, continued as they had before – neither questioning prevailing policy nor its effects on their practice. It is argued that only by understanding and confronting the...
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...Report of the Stolen Generations Assessor Stolen Generations of Aboriginal Children Act 2006 February 2008 Depar tm e n t of P r e m i e r a n d C a binet Table of contents 1. 2. Introduction ...................................................... 2 Context of the legislation .......................................3 2.1 historical Context ................................................................... 3 2.2 Child Welfare and adoption laws .............................. 4 2.3 education policy and procedures ................................. 5 3. The Act ......................................................................7 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 4. 5. aboriginal person................................................................................. 7 eligible Categories................................................................................ 7 exclusion ..................................................................................................... 7 the stolen generations fund..................................................... 7 timeframes............................................................................................... 8 the stolen generations assessor............................................ 8 The assessment process..........................................9 Overview of applications.......................................11 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 6. source of applications..................................
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...Globalisation on Australia can be disseminated into a number of different categories. For the purposes of this report five major categories including Economic, Social, Cultural, Environmental and Political have been explored and summarised but is by no means exhaustive. The overall effects and impact of globalisation on Australia may well be positive to the general population, but there will always be those who are disadvantaged, and those who have increased advantages. In this report the authors attempt to separate the above mentioned elements and treat them individually. It should be noted however that it is extremely difficult to do so as many issues interact and overlap with some or all of the elements of globalisation, as globalisation has been in existence since the stone-age. “Just as the concept of globalisation is contested and multifaceted so are the choices available to citizens and governments.”[i] Introduction How one views ‘the effects of globalisation on Australia’ will very much be determined if one defines globalisation in its broader sense or otherwise. Globalisation seems to be the catch phrase of the 21st Century. It has no real definitive meaning but is an all encompassing term which society has no real choice but to embrace. Conley[ii] suggests that globalisation is a mixture, or intertwining, of political, economic, social, cultural and technological processes. Economic Globalisation in Australia is by no means a new phenomenon with “migration...
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...Margaret Mead and Coming of Age to Samoa: a reflection on our Education Carlos Moreno This paper is a reflection on Margaret Mead's book Coming of age in Samoa and the way she critically compared Samoan and Western educational systems. I will first analyse the reasons for her research in Samoa and the connections with 'the teenage struggle' in our society. Then, I will argue that the ways in which we live and learn about the world, and relate to each other, are strongly linked to the cultural values of our society - values we consider as 'normal'. Finally, I will state my personal point of view on the topic and outline Mead's further contributions to research in social anthropology. Mead was concerned with how human character is modified through different cultural patterns. While teenage struggles are often explained in scientific terms as related to biology and psychology, she focuses on the relevance of social context in teenagers' behaviour. Mead argues that sexual transition peculiarities - the point at which a child becomes an adolescent and possibly sexually active - are due to social and cultural factors more than to biological processes. Throughout her research Mead was interested in comparing the experiences of Samoan and Western adolescents, including their differing experiences of education. In Samoa, according to Mead, there is no pressure on the 'slow' pupil; no feelings of envy, rivalry, impotence and frustration are developed as all have their own pace to...
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...Summary Australian law is based on the culture of English law. The following characteristics derive from the English background of our law: * A system of representative democracy, using parliaments to make laws. See chapters 7 & 8. * A legal profession divided formally or informally into solicitors and barristers. See chapter 3. * A ‘common law’ system: * The system of law derived from the English legal system. Uses judicially decided cases as the basic form of law. See chapter 10. * The way that the law is made: Judges make law based on decided cases (precedents) and develop sets of legal principles which emerge from the judgments in decided cases.’ See chapter 12, 13, and 14. * The category of laws which grew from the medieval royal courts (‘the courts of common law’) and other areas of law, which came from the medieval Lord Chancellor’s role (‘equity’). See chapter 10. * Decision making in courts after an adversarial trial: derived from historical ‘trial by battle’ introduced by Normans. The battle has since then become a verbal one. See chapter 2. * A court system for dispute resolution: See chapter 11. However, Australian law has developed distinct characteristics of its own: * A federal system made up of a Commonwealth and States and Territories: separates out the powers of different bodies of government. See chapter 8. * A limited recognition of indigenous customary law: Mabo (No 2) held that native title to land could...
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...given as part of the 1991 Course. They are not a satisfactory substitution for reading the text. You are only likely to get the maximum value out of this summary by reading it in conjunction with the text. The question of ‘the law in whose context’ may be worth keeping in mind as you read. This is an interpretation seen through my eyes, not yours. My comments are not unbiased, as it is as equally unlikely that yours may be. So my ‘advice’ is consider what is said here and in the book considering the need to understand the ‘mechanics’ that help make sense of the more involved themes that develop in the book as you progress through Law in Context. The observations, important in their own right, may be particularly useful for seeing how their often ubiquitous expression is taken as ‘normal’ in the areas of wider society, such as in discussions of economics and power. It is unlikely that you will find any ‘right answers’ from this summary, but I do hope it helps you in synthesising opinions. A bibliography of books I used is given at the end of this summary. If your head isn’t spinning too much, maybe it is worth getting together earlier in the semester with friends and talking about some of the issues that particularly interest you. Don’t be worried if ‘you don’t know anything’. It’s probable that you, as for most of us, are neither as enlightened nor as...
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