...Introduction Ethical decision-making is a process where one decides on a course of action based on ethical and professional principles. The ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, justice and nonmaleficence are often brought into consideration in ethical dilemmas. Healthcare professionals often use these ethical principles as a premise to make morally sound judgements on care provision. Ethical dilemmas surface when these principles conflict with one another. The correct course of action is not clearly defined and the decisions made may be challenged. Decisions made on moral grounds are often intrinsically complex and intricate. This essay will cover the principles of distributive justice, autonomy, and beneficence. Drawing from personal experience, three individual case pertaining to each principle are provided to illustrate how each principle is either observed or breached. A conclusion is presented at the end of each case study to summarize the ethical reasoning and concepts discussed. A final conclusion will also be presented at the end of the essay to provide closure to the discussion. Distributive Justice Case Study: Dr Adams is a physician working in an acute medical ward. During his shift, he reviewed two critically ill patients. Patient A was an 80-year old lady with thrombocytopenia secondary to lymphoma with a low haemoglobin level. She had been receiving palliative care prior to admission. Patient B was a 50-year old man with an actively bleeding...
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...consultants and practitioners are putting enormous efforts to augment the employee engagement among their employees. Also, a relationship exists between HRD climate and job satisfaction, organizational commitment and many other factors which ultimately results in engagement of employees in their work. The purpose of the study was to measure the employee engagement level and to study the relationship between employee engagement and HRD climate and impact of HRD climate on employee engagement in one of the leading digital e-commerce company in National Capital Region (NCR). OCTAPACE profile (Pareek, 2003) was used to measure the HRD climate. OCTAPACE measures eight dimensions of HRD climate viz. openness, collaboration, trust, pro-action, autonomy, authenticity, confrontation and experimentation. The study was conducted on 108 respondents. Data was analyzed using correlation and regression analysis in SPSS. The various dimensions of HRD climate were observed individually and reults indicated that there exists a positive correlation between employee engagement and HRD climate The correlation analysis revealed that openness, collaboration, proaction and confrontation were positively and significantly correlated with employee engagement. It was very encouraging to know that 37% variation in employee engagement was explained by the various dimensions of HRD...
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...children who is particially dependent upon welfare takes it upon herself to pay privately for a single treatment of Invitro Fertilization (IVF). This mother is implanted with several embryos and chooses not to reduce the number of fetuses and successfully delivers multiple premature babies. We must take into account the cost of delivery, care in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), and future cost to the Welfare system for all of this mother’s children. Reviewing this issue from a health care professional’s point of view, the four basic principles of ethics, beneficence, autonomy, nonmaleficence, and social justice, are part of this issue. The Four Basic Principals Autonomy Medicine Net (2011), defines autonomy as the right of a patient to make decisions about the care received without influence from a health care provider. Providing education to a patient is allowed as part of autonomy. Autonomy does not allow the provider to make decisions for the patient. Kapp states that “in addition to exercising the right to make choices about which diagnostic or...
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...* Reflecting on your school experiences (or work experiences), consider an inspirational teacher/mentor/boss. Describe TWO strategies this teacher/mentor/boss has used to motivate their students (or workers) (500 words) School experiences can be very strange as each individual is trying to develop identity, friendships and growing towards maturation. I believe learning requires motivation and as a student or even as a teacher, we all need to develop different strategies to motivate learning. Student learning has a direct effect with the effort that a student puts into learning. Therefore this is a responsibility of a teacher to encourage and promote student efforts. In order to motivate students, teacher can use both intrinsic and extrinsic motivators. Intrinsic motivators are based on engaging in a particular behaviour such as enjoyment rather than the desire to achieve a reward whereas extrinsic motivators rely on performing behaviour for the sake of earning a reward. At school, my goal was to be recognized as one of the top students in my grade, the competition at my selective school was indeed very tough but I cherished this chance to further prove myself. Through many years of study, I simply found myself a very motivated student as I always had the opportunity of having a supportive learning environment, created by my teachers. My favourite subject at school was Physics as it gave me a solid foundation to understand and explore the rapid technological advancements. My...
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...In comprehending, you make the new knowledge that you have acquired your own by relating it to what you already know. Application requires that you know what you have read, heard, or seen, that you comprehend it, and that you carry out some task to apply what you comprehend to an actual situation. Analysis, involves breaking what you read or hear into its component parts, in order to make clear how the ideas are ordered, related, or connected to other ideas with both form and content. Synthesis, involves the ability to put together the parts you analyzed with other information to create something original. Evaluation occurs once we have understood and analyzed what is said or written and the reasons offered to support it. A summary of my blind spot Belief that motive justifies method. Because I am so clear...
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...non-maleficence and their importance to the nursing profession. The principle of beneficence is concerned with a moral obligation to act for the benefits of others (Kennedy, 2004). Additionally, beneficence is the principle consisting of deeds such as mercy, kindness, and charity (Rich, 2008). There are other forms of beneficence including altruism, love, and humanity (Beauchamp &ump; Childress, 2009). We use beneficence in order to cover beneficent actions more broadly, so that it includes all forms of action to benefit other persons (Beauchamp &ump; Childress, 2009). Overall, beneficence implies that an individual takes action to do good by benefiting others and facilitating their well-being. Beneficence also requires that benefits are balanced against risks and costs (Kennedy, 2004). In order for a person to “do good”, they must also consider the values of individual in question (Bjarnason &ump; LaSala, 2011). Health care professionals have a duty to exercise beneficence towards their patients. Nurses have a more stringent obligation to act...
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...Journal of Service Research http://jsr.sagepub.com/ Job Characteristics and the Creativity of Frontline Service Employees Filipe Coelho and Mário Augusto Journal of Service Research 2010 13: 426 originally published online 21 May 2010 DOI: 10.1177/1094670510369379 The online version of this article can be found at: http://jsr.sagepub.com/content/13/4/426 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: Center for Excellence in Service, University of Maryland Additional services and information for Journal of Service Research can be found at: Email Alerts: http://jsr.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://jsr.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://jsr.sagepub.com/content/13/4/426.refs.html >> Version of Record - Oct 24, 2010 OnlineFirst Version of Record - May 21, 2010 What is This? Downloaded from jsr.sagepub.com by guest on May 7, 2012 Job Characteristics and the Creativity of Frontline Service Employees ´rio Augusto1 Filipe Coelho1 and Ma Journal of Service Research 13(4) 426-438 ª The Author(s) 2010 Reprints and permission: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1094670510369379 http://jsr.sagepub.com Abstract This study investigates the main and interactive effects of job characteristics on the creativity of frontline service employees. Past research investigates the link between job complexity, an...
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...Evaluation 5 5. References 6 6. Appendices 7 1. Abstract The purpose of this briefing paper is to take me through the process of preparing to write an academic paper. The aim is to devise a plan of how I intend to approach the second assignment and a justification of how and why I have chosen the individual topic relating to the key issues HR managers face will be made clear. In addition a brief summary of the elements, focuses and arguments that are to be covered in the individual paper will be looked at. The structure, draft of the introduction of the final paper and an evaluation assessing my progress so far will be embodied. 2. Background This briefing paper is essential because it clearly presents the process that I will undergo to complete the individual paper, it will provide guidance, advice and include specific resources. I will critically analyze the key issues HR managers face with reference to managing job design and flexibility and how HR managers could address the issues mentioned. This valued topic has been chosen because well managed job design increases the value of the position to the organization, engages the worker and reduces individual and organizational risk. It is substantial because it leads to greater organizational effectiveness and efficiency as well as better results from employees. The areas I will cover in this paper include various approaches to job design and flexible working and how they affect employee motivation, the implications...
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...Christi Plant Sullivan University MGT 510 Jermaine Paul Enhancing production through team-building mechanisms Executive Summary This proposal highlights the benefits which can be achieved using selfdirected teams (SDT's) at RL Wolfe's, Corpus Christi Plant. Increases in productivity of 13% to boost productivity beyond the 95% production margin can be achieved if the following issues are resolved at the plant. At present, the company is struggling with the issue of inequality amongst workers. Line operators feel inferior to technicians and are therefore unwilling to give full support in team based efforts. This has filtered into the creation of a new company culture where distinctions amongst employees titles suggests their hierarchy. Continuous occurrence of these issues will lead to a reduction in production as evident with the present target of the third shift not being met. The present morale of the line operators is low and unless boosted will result in a continuous erosion of the company culture. To address the following issues management needs to reduce the concept of distinction between employees. Working as a team, no employees should feel less valuable than the other. The culture of a team as a component needs to be emphasized within the company with performance appraisals apportioned first on a team basis and then on an individual basis. Morale of workers should be addressed by allowing giving line operators rotational opportunities to function as a technician...
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...William Assemiah, 12021643 Irene Aidoo, 12021610 Sroda Adzo Apam, 12021626 Asare Ohenedwira Thomas, 12021639 Dorothy Dede Aklerh Asamoah, 12021634 Sampson Abbey Armah, 12021630 Arthur Sherifa, 12021631 Amadu Waliu, 12021617 Report Summary 1. Executive Summary DrainFlow, a plumbing maintenance firm in the USA, has been losing its customers to competitors due to poor services. Job motivation and satisfaction among employees is declining across various job categories within the firm. This dissatisfaction has been attributed to the overspecialization of some job functions in the company. The report attempts to assist DrainFlow improve in three key areas: job structure and design, incentive policies, and recruitment practices. It will go further to analyze the causes of the woes being faced by DrainFlow and provide a constructive recommendation on how to overcome them The main contents include an introduction to the problems DrainFlow is encountering, analyses of the current business, and recommendations on how DrainFlow can overcome these issues to foster a long-term competitive advantage. 2. Introduction Research shows that a happy worker is a productive employee. Satisfied employees tend to be better at their workplaces. Many of the individual behaviors at the workplace are affected by job satisfaction The main contents include an introduction to the problems DrainFlow is encountering, analyses of the current business, and recommendations on how DrainFlow can overcome these...
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...functioning. In the disease model, clinical psychology had become almost exclusively a science about healing damage or controlling maladaptive impulses. In contrast, the primary purpose of positive psychology is to measure, understand, and then build human strengths and civic virtues, including hope, wisdom, creativity, courage, spirituality, responsibility, perseverance, and satisfaction. The special issue is divided into 4 sections: evolutionary perspectives, positive personal traits, implications for mental and physical health, and fostering excellence. As the editors and several authors point out, positive psychology has significant implications for improving the quality of personal and professional life through applications on both individual and societal levels. The first of the 4 sections includes 2 ambitious articles that examine positive psychology within an evolutionary framework. In “The Evolution of Happiness” David Buss offers 3 hypotheses to explain why positive states of mind are so often elusive: first, the discrepancies between modern and ancestral environments; second, mechanisms evolved that are “designed” to produce subjective distress (i.e., functional jealousy and worry); and third, competitive mechanisms evolved that function to benefit 1 person at the expense of others. In contrast to Buss' biologically based evolutionary arguments, Massimini and...
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...within your area of practice. Critically discuss this in relation to ethical principles for practice. There are many ethical issues and dilemmas which can arise in Public Health practice. Ethics is concerned with morals, duties and values (Seedhouse, 2008). Most interventions in public health are targeted at improving health and inequalities. The ideology of good health as the ultimate goal may lead to the lack of acceptance that health means different things to different people (Hubeley & Copeman, 2008). One ethical dilemma the author has encountered in practice as a student health visitor is parent’s who refuse to immunise their children. This has many ethical implication for practice. Immunisations are essential in protecting individuals and the community from serious diseases. The Department of Health (2005; 2006; 2009) offers clear, evidence-based information about different diseases, the possible side effects of immunisation and the current immunisation schedule which is available to all children. All babies are born with a little natural immunity to disease, but immunisation can offer additional protection against certain serious illnesses (GB: DH, 2006). Immunisation has caused dramatic improvements in health. Because of immunisation, diseases such as diphtheria, tetanus and measles, which used to be major causes of ill health now have much lower incidences (NICE, 2009). The Healthy Child programme (GB: DH, 2009) views immunisation as a national priority and aims...
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...problems, incontinence and neglect of personal hygiene (Prime, 1994 p, 301). Mr Moses neglect of his personal hygiene was profound due to his incontinence condition Dignity mean “Being treated like I was somebody” (Help the Aged, 2001).Relating dignity in the care Mr Moses, dignity will be define as care given to Mr Moses that will uphold, promote and not degrade his self respect despite his present situation (being wet with urine and smell of faeces), frail or his age (SCIE, 2006). Mr Moses despite his present circumstance should feel value before, during and after his care (Nursing Standard, 2007). The concept of dignity has to do with privacy, respect, autonomy, identity and self worth thereby making life worth living for them (SCIE, 2006). However, each patient needs is unique, the level of these concept will varies on individual service user, such as the privacy that other service user need will be different from what Mr Moses require at the time of His care. When dignity is not present during his care, Mr Moses will feel devalued, lacking control, comfort and feel embarrass and ashamed (RCN, 2008). Things that emerged in my observation for Mr Moses to be provided with care in a dignified way involves, delivery Mr Moses personal care in a way that maintain his dignity, having support from team members and an up to date training in delivering care, and supportive ward environment (NHS evidence, 2007). I did raise some issues with my mentor that was missing when attending to Mr...
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...Taylor Dordick Philosophy 320.19 December 11, 2013 Final Question 3 Friedrich Nietzsche and Hannah Arendt both wrote extensively about the foundations of moral philosophy and the formation of the ethical self. Nietzsche, in “On the Genealogy of Morals”, centers his own moral philosophy on the concept of a supra moral individual, which he specifically defines in terms of someone who is effectively free and sovereign, not bound by the bourgeois “morality of custom”. Defined as acting autonomously, capable of “measuring value” and being “entitled to make promises”, such an individual gains the cherished freedom of “responsibility” which is ultimately internalized as “conscience”. Arendt, in “Responsibility and Judgment”, focuses on the notion of a moral individual who is in “harmony” with his or herself, a state of mind that is gained from independently considering and arriving at fundamental moral guidelines. Like Nietzsche, Arendt asserts that moral beliefs and decisions must stem from this sense of internal harmony and justice, as opposed to simple obedience to demands imposed from outside. However, Arendt anchors her own portrayal of moral autonomy in more Kantian terms of a categorical imperative and ultimately a sense of dignity and self respect that derives from acting with conscience. Nietzsche begins his second essay titled “‘Guilt’, ‘Bad Conscience’, and Related Matters”, with a mixture of observation and sarcastic wit, “The breeding of an animal which is entitled to...
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...Marriage Guidance – Summary MGG201W MGG201W – Marriage Guidance – facilitative couples counselling Theme ONE – Understanding couples Intimacy involves: love, affection and caring, deep attachment to another person. The TRIPOD of couple relationships An intimate relationship consists of three factors that form a tripod on which the relationship rests. 1. Passionate attraction (PA) 2. Mutual expectations (ME) 3. Personal intentions (PI) Passionate attractions (PA) → Individual experiences intensely pleasurable sensations when thinking about or being with a new partner. → Blushing, trembling, breathlessness, high sexual desire → Referred to as infatuation = passing love “a foolish and unreasoning love’ → Infatuation is not a realistic / accurate appraisal of the relationship / idealisation → Negative / flaws in the idealised beloved may be intellectually recognised, but disregarded as endearingly special. Person chooses to ignore the negatives → Normal phase in the process of relationships → Infatuation can lead to a lasting relationship – but it mostly fades away and relationship based on infatuation alone will fail. Love → Involves physical attraction - deeper → Love encompasses PA, ME and PI → People rely mostly on life experiences to guide them to their own unique way of demonstrating love. → Eric Fromm “love is active concern for the life and growth of the person we love” → Love is deep, unselfish, caring, deep respect Hauck’s basic principles about love • It is not just...
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