...“Psychological treatment of insomnia in hypnotic-dependent older adults”, by Soeffing et al. (2008), gives an accurate portrayal of the research topic, as the wording is very understandable. The title clearly identifies the intended population of older adults, as well as reveals the key independent variable of cognitive behavioral therapy that is suggested to affect the dependent variable of insomnia. The title encompasses the idea that the population of older adults who take hypnotics for insomnia will be exposed to some sort of psychological treatment. The abstract is well organized and summarizes the main sections of the study. It contains the most relevant and extensively used terms and ideas from the article. The problem statement of this study is clearly presented and identifies that insomnia is a condition that can have detrimental effects on many older adults, and therefore, Soeffing et al. (2008) found the importance in developing new interventions to improve insomnia in older adults who are habitual users of sleep medications. The purpose of this study seeks to evaluate whether the psychological treatment of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) will have an effect on older adults that suffer from insomnia and chronically use hypnotics. Many of these older adults are comfortable with their sleep medication regimen; however, introducing CBT as a second line of treatment could lead to further improvement of their sleeping patterns. Being that the prevalence of insomnia is higher...
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...behavioural treatment programs for comorbid geriatric insomnia. Psychology and Aging, 17(2), 288-298. Rybarczyk et al. (2002) found that the literature addressing geriatric insomnia provides evidence of the efficacy of several behavioural treatments, but that most research with this population has excluded those with comorbid medical illness. Thirty-eight geriatric patients with comorbid insomnia and medical illness participated in this randomised controlled trial, which allocated them to either cognitive-behavioural treatment (CBT), home-based audio relaxation treatment (HART), or delayed-treatment control conditions using stratified random allocation. Seven self-rate or self-report and one actigraphy measures assessed between- and within-group differences at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 4-month follow-up. The CBT included weekly group sessions with behavioural and cognitive components, relaxation training, and sleep hygiene education. The HART participants received audiotape recordings with four relaxation and sleep-training programmes and a guidebook with behavioural components. Control participants completed the same interval assessments as the treatment groups and were offered HART at the end of 6 months. The study found differential improvement between the CBT and control groups at post-treatment and follow-up on five of seven sleep measures and a clinically significant difference for sleep efficiency between the HART and control groups at post-treatment. It concluded...
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...I. Insomnia is a very common sleeping disorder. It is the difficulty initiating sleep and the inability to maintain sleep. It can be short-term or chronic. Short-term insomnia usually last for a couple days, a month, or even as long as six months. Long-term or chronic insomnia typically last longer than six months. a. Short-term insomnia can be caused from being stress out. Whether it is stress about work or home being stress contributes a lot to insomnia. Any traumatic even that may happen in your life can also cause you to have a sleeping disorder. What makes insomnia escalate from short-term to chronic is simply the amount of time you have the disorder. Insomnia. (2014). b. Signs and symptoms for insomnia can also include awakening too early,...
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...Used to Treat Insomnia Theresa Duarte PSY 101 Freshman Introductions to Psychology November 24, 2014 Techniques Used by Professionals to Treat Insomnia I. Summary and Analysis of the Research. Majority of clinicians are not certain on whether to use medication or behavioral therapies to treat insomnia. Majority of them are not aware of the effectiveness, usefulness, and the importance of non medication methods. The topic here will discuss the various methods that health professionals have used to treat insomnia. A. In the short term or the immediate days after admission, medication will provide adequate improvements. This will be much more than the non medication techniques in terms of first week efficiency. The use of medication to treat insomnia is only effective in the short term since it is less intense. B. In the preceding weeks of treatment such as two to three weeks, meta-analysis shows that behavioral treatment is just as much as effective as the medical treatment. They both can be effective in handling insomnia. The use of non medication method to treat insomnia are more intense therefore are effective in the long term. The therapeutic applications are based on the individual specific condition and not general prescription. II. Key Issues and Controversies. In the long term patients who receive non-pharmacologic therapies have a long lasting feel good or relief while those who take medication get back to their baseline insomnia levels after...
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...Insomnia Chapter I: Introduction General Consideration Statement of the Problem Objectives of the Problem Importance of the Problem Definition of Terms Chapter II: Definition of Insomnia Chapter III: Insomnia Causes Causes of Chronic Insomnia Physiological Causes Psychological Chapter IV: Symptoms of Insomnia Possible Diagnosis Chapter V: Types of Insomnia Chapter VI: Prevention of Insomnia Prevention in Insomnia from Shift Changes Prevention in Insomnia from Jet lag Tips for getting a better night sleep Chapetr VII: Treatment of Insomnia Music Theraphy Cognitive Behavioral Theraphy Medicines Relaxation Exercise Chapter VIII: Statistics of Insomnia Chapter IX: Conclusion Final Bibliography Chapter I Introduction General Consideration Insomnia is a symptoms,not a stand-alone diagnosis or disease.It is an abnormal wakefulness or inability to fall asleep throughout the night.Insomnia can be related to a medical or psychiatric illness,can be caused by mental stress or excitement or can be caused by your daytome and bedtime habits.It causes may be divided into situational factors,medical or emotional problems are probably the principal cause of insomnia. Insomnia can be prevented and treated in many ways. To prevent it, the patient is urged to try to avoid focusing his/her thoughts on the problem of insomnia and to learn and practice relaxation techniques. The main focus or treatment for insomnia should be directed toward...
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...Abstract Insomnia is generally defined as the inability to sleep adequately a few times a weak and doesn’t mean the inability to sleep at all. Insomnia can be chronic or on going.Certain causes of insomnia can be categorized into three major categories which include lifestyle, health and environment. Experiments were carried out to see how insomnia affects quality of life and the conclusion reached was that people suffering from insomnia report greater quality of life impairment in contrast to people without insomnia. Sleep disturbance can exacerbate the condition, disrupt treatment, cause further complications and add to the social disability associated with chronic illness. Insomnia can result in mental illness and can have a huge impact when it comes to efficiency of a subject. Personally traits can be a major differentiating point when it comes to comparison between subjects with and without insomnia however personality differences between insomniacs and controls might rather be state-dependent instead of trait-dependent. Treatment of insomnia can be by two major ways namely pharmacotherapy and nonpharmacologic interventions. Herbal treatment as per 82% of Canadians are also very effective when it comes to treating insomnia. Rest and little exertion can also play a vital role when it comes to curing insomnia. Effects Of Insomnia On Quality of Life Insomnia is derived from the Latin word which means “no sleep”. A recent report estimates that 60 to 70 million American...
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...Treatment of Insomnia: An Alternative Approach Anoja S. Attele, DDS, Jing-Tian Xie, MD, and Chun-Su Yuan, MD, PhD Abstract Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder, and is often associated with significant medical, psychological, and social disturbances. Conventional medical treatment for insomnia includes psychological and pharmacological approaches; however, long-term use of frequently prescribed medications can lead to habituation and problematic withdrawal symptoms. Therefore, herbal and other natural sleep aids are gaining popularity, as herbs commonly used for their sedative-hypnotic effects do not have the drawbacks of conventional drugs. Whether alternative therapies possess activity similar to conventional therapies needs further evaluation. (Altern Med Rev 2000;5(3):249-259) Introduction Humans sleep approximately one-third of their lives. Scientists do not fully understand the necessity for sleep, nor the mechanisms for sleep’s physical and mental restoration. Sleep disruption creates fatigue and suboptimal performance, causing significant medical, psychological, and social disturbances.1,2 Insomnia is a widespread health complaint, and the most common of all sleep disorders.3 In the United States, the cost of insomnia, including treatment, lost productivity, and insomnia-related accidents may exceed $100 billion per year.4,5 Insomnia can be defined as the subjective complaint of impairment in the duration, depth, or restful quality of sleep. It is characterized...
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...Diagnosis and Treatment University of Phoenix Heather Pitts BEH225 Insomnia Insomnia is a classified as a disorder but not as a disease. Although most people suffer at one point in their life with insomnia, not all cases get discovered and treated. Insomnia is a sleeping disorder that people fight with on daily basses. A person tends to deal with not being able to sleep, feel tired and drained, restless, and in some people, have mood swings because of being tired from not sleeping. People dealing with insomnia often have a hard time initiating sleep or maintaining sleep. Insomnia does not have a specific age group that is targeted but in some areas, most targeted with insomnia are those in unhealthy environments. Eating habits, social environments, work spaces, and family atmosphere all can play in developing insomnia. Causes of Insomnia As mentioned earlier, insomnia comes mostly from other problems affecting the person. Stress however is one of the most common issues. People who often worry with problems such as work, school, family, and financials often have the problem with restlessness. By being stressed over a certain issue keeps the brain active with needless thoughts and not allowing the brain to come to rest. The issue next to stress would be medications. Often people take medications that are to help with one problem but end up affecting a person’s sleeping habits. If a person goes in reporting problems with pain, a doctor may prescribe a medication...
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...Ways to Overcome Insomnia for College Students What is insomnia? Insomnia is ‘a common condition in which you have trouble falling or staying asleep’ (N.H.L.B.I, 2009). According to Peterson (2002), 87 out of 218 patients in general outpatient facilities at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in Philadelphia complained of insomnia. Insomnia affects people of different age groups including teenagers. In fact, teenagers in tertiary education easily suffer from insomnia because they may not have a healthy lifestyle and face a lot of stress in their studies. However, there are ways for college students to deal with insomnia. To overcome insomnia, college students should adopt new sleeping habits, manage their stress level and seek professional treatment. Firstly, students who suffer from insomnia have to practice good sleeping habits. They should have a regular sleeping schedule. Also, students should go sleep and wake up at the same time for everyday. Besides, students should avoid taking caffeine, alcohol or nicotine before they go to sleep. Although alcohol can helps someone fall sleep easily, it has side-effect which affect the quality of sleep (Saisan et al., 2011). Students in insomnia should not take coffee or drinks with caffeine before they sleep. Then, students need to create the right sleeping environment. The bedroom must be quiet, dark, as well as comfort. Students should have an open-window in their bedroom or switch on the fan to keep the bedroom cool. Next,...
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...people have to live through is insomnia. Just in Canada, an estimated of 3.3 million people aged 15 or older, which is every one over seven person, have problems going to sleep or staying asleep (Tjepkema, 2005). In our neighbor country The United States of America, the numbers are quite higher compared to us. In fact, more than one quarter of the American inhabitants is found to have any one symptom of insomnia (Thrasybule, 2012). It is believed that 35% of the worldwide population suffers from this disorder. Insomnia is more common in women, but the quality of sleep often decreases as we age, equally in both women and men. The vaguest definition of insomnia would be having difficulty sleeping. This disorder has four major symptoms: Difficulty falling asleep, problem falling back asleep once awaken during the night, waking up early in the morning and not being able to go back to sleep, and feeling tired no matter how long you sleep for. Various trouble in your everyday life may also be developed as a result. Increased daytime irritability, poor concentration, risks of major depressive disorder, hypertension and reduced quality of life are amongst many of the quotidian life issues that develop over time. To...
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...multiple life areas and/or create distress for the person experiencing these symptoms. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), approximately 26 percent of American adults over the age of 18 suffer from some type of diagnosable mental disorder in a given year (The Numbers Count: Mental Disorders in America). Almost half of that also meet criteria for 2 or more disorders, with severity strongly related to comorbidity. Mental disorders are diagnosed based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) here in the U.S. The DSM-IV-TR explains that a multiaxial system involves an assessment on several axes, which refer to a different domain of information that may help the clinician plan treatment and possibly predict the outcome (Association, 2000). The five axes included in the DSM-IV multi-axial classification are as listed: * Axis I: Clinical Disorders and Other Conditions That Need Clinical Attention. * Axis II: Personality Disorders and Mental Retardation. * Axis III: General Medical Conditions. * Axis IV: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems * Axis V: Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF). As stated in the DSM-IV-TR “the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale is a 100-point scale that measures a person’s overall level of psychological, social, and occupational functioning on a continuum” (Association, 2000). Schizophrenia is a chronic, disabling mental illness characterized by a wide...
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...I. Introduction Insomnia, or sleeplessness, is a sleep disorder in which there is an inability to fall asleep or to stay asleep as long as desired. While the term is sometimes used to describe a disorder demonstrated by polysomnographic evidence of disturbed sleep, insomnia is often practically defined as a positive response to either of two questions: "Do you experience difficulty sleeping?" or "Do you have difficulty falling or staying asleep?" This research is chosen for knowing what are the causes of insomnia, the types of insomnia, and the people commonly having insomnia, how do insomnia affects the person having it and the possible treatments for insomnia. This research wants to help people suffering from insomnia and to educate people about the disease. The respondent of this research is a student whose experiencing insomnia or inability to stay asleep. II. Statement of the Problem This research intended to find out the cause and effect of insomnia to a student of Human Research and Management of Polytechnic University of the Philippines. It also wants to answer these following questions: 1. What are the causes of Insomnia? 2. What are the types of Insomnia? 3. Who are the people commonly having Insomnia? 4. How do insomnia affects the person having it? 5. What are the possible treatments for Insomnia III. Significance...
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...Summary Holcomb (2007) divides her article “Putting INSOMNIA to rest” into four main sections. The first section provides information on insomnia. The second section describes some causes and risk factors that are associated with insomnia. The third section explains types of treatments for people with insomnia. The last section gives a questionnaire that can help evaluate if someone may have insomnia. In the first section, Holcomb (2007) states “80% of patients with insomnia never tell their healthcare provider” (p 29). This number is significant because it is estimated that around 50 to 70 million Americans are affected by insomnia. As Holcomb describes, insomnia can affect all age groups, but it is more common in females and increases with age, stress, and medical conditions. According to Holcomb, Insomnia is defined as having trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or wakening up refreshed. Insomnia can be either acute or chronic. Acute insomnia occurs in around 30% to 50% of adults and is described as insomnia lasting less than four weeks. Chronic insomnia occurs in around 10% to 30% of adults, lasts longer than four weeks, and is associated with daytime sleepiness. These number could be higher however, as Holcomb explains, because many people with insomnia do not tell anyone. In the second section of “Putting Insomnia to Rest,” Holcomb describes causes and risk factors of insomnia. Stress is one of the most common risk factors, which can also lead to anxiety and depression...
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...Sleep Disorders Types & Treatments Monday, May 21, 12 1 Sleep Disorders •Primary Sleep Disorders: -Dyssomnias - Insomnia - Narcolepsy - Breathing-Related Sleeping Disorders - Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders -Parasomnias - Nightmares - Night Terrors - Sleepwalking - Sleep Paralysis ivation toll p depr eatest • Slee it’s gr ilities. akes t tive ab cogni on shown s have ugh sleep Studie h eno • hat wit ion the t privat ill become de als w ntually anim d eve sick an die. Monday, May 21, 12 2 Insomnia •Difficulty falling asleep & staying asleep. •Not due to direct effects of substance use or general medical condition. •About 60 million Americans have chronic insomnia. •Affects 40% of women and 30 % of men. •Acute or Chronic •Treatment: medication or behavior modification. Monday, May 21, 12 3 Monday, May 21, 12 4 Chronic Causes of Insomnia Monday, May 21, 12 5 Chronic Causes of Insomnia • Medications Monday, May 21, 12 5 Chronic Causes of Insomnia • Medications • Drug or alcohol use Monday, May 21, 12 5 Chronic Causes of Insomnia • Medications • Drug or alcohol use • Psychiatric disorders (e.g., depression, anxiety) Monday, May 21, 12 5 Chronic Causes of Insomnia • Medications • Drug or alcohol use • Psychiatric disorders (e.g., depression, anxiety) • Medical disorders Monday, May 21, 12 5 Chronic Causes of Insomnia • Medications • Drug or alcohol use • Psychiatric disorders (e.g., ...
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...people think mental health aren’t problems, one common illness is insomnia and could be treated in different ways. Insomnia is the inability amount of sleep that is needed. Insomnia is not about the number of hours an individual sleeps or how fast an individual sleep, it’s about difficulties falling asleep, maintaining asleep and awakening too soon in the morning, due to the quality or quantity of sleep. For example, Bill Clinton is a president/politician. He claims he sleeps five hours a night Since he is a politician he talks, engages, and stay active in everything political. That’s why he suffers from insomnia. About 54 million Americans suffer from mental disorder every year. Precisely 90% of adults are full of depression meanwhile, they experience sleep problems, so 50% of adults are affected by insomnia....
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