...Intellectual disabilities commonly known by “Mental Retardation”, is dubbed for a term used to describe a person's ability to learn at a less than expected level and function in one's daily life. There are several known types of cognitive functions ranging from mild to severe that are viewed as with some form of Intellectual disability or another. The hypotheses of individuals who display or experience mental retardation normally have some type of mental or physical impairment. Due to the barriers and stigmas associated with around the term mental retardation, association, institutions and various fields are adapting to the new terminology intellectual disabilities. According to my reading, in 1990, Congress passed a Law 101-476, recognizing the Individuals with Disabilities Education Acts (IDEA). (Thomas, 2013) Special education terminology has historically under gone construction several times in the United States. (Thomas, 2013) As I began to discuss various questions related to individuals with Intellectual disabilities, you will see how the terminology, law, and the identification of ID is very much an open wide debate. Interesting enough, what was perceived as my understanding of children with Intellectual disabilities was not to far off in terms of my opinion. I would venture to say that, maybe I was not as informed as previously thought off. Now, moreover, in knowing that there are different levels of disabilities, ignorant people, I including, almost categorize...
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...High Incidence Disabilities & Learning Needs Characteristics & Strategies Complete the chart below. Be sure to fully address each section. Bulleting is appropriate in this activity. | Definition(in your own words) | Identification Procedures | Characteristics(address academic, cognitive, social, emotional & behavioral as appropriate) | Ideas, strategies, suggestions for working with students in the classroom | Learning Disabilities | This is a disorder in which students are unable to perform the basic processes in understanding subjects such as language arts, math, etc. Sometimes it affects one or many areas. | * Unexpected underachievement in one or more academic areas * Severe discrepancy between expected achievement (standard test of intelligence) level and actual achievement (standard achievement test). * After unexpected achievement is documented, the exclusion clause is applied to student identification. | * Academic achievement is significantly below grade level. * Cognitive skill deficits related to memory, attention, impulsivity and or meta-cognition. * Possibly also diagnosed with ADHD. * Possible social deficits and difficulty getting along with others. * Motivational problems. | Provide clear and concise directions; adapt the curriculum to the student’s appropriate skill level; provide close supervision for the student; resource room may be a good accommodation. | Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder | Students are unable...
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...Glass Castle”, it became clear that there were many repetitive factors that shaped the Walls family’s lives. There are numerous accounts of sexual abuse, parental alcoholism, evidence of mental illness and finally poverty in the form of homelessness. For even when the children prospered the parents choose to be homeless. The question is, are these factors relative? Can it be that childhood sexual abuse can inflict mental illness or alcoholism in adulthood? Does mental illness and alcoholism affect the chances of being homeless? The focus of this essay is to provide evidence that the events in Walls own life, documented in her memoir, have a butterfly effect in the outcome of their parent’s lives. In Her memoir Walls documents several cases of sexual abuse during her and her sibling’s childhood. She writes of her own experiences with Billy Deel, although he is only a minor as well, he sexually assaults her during a game of hide and seek. PAGE 85-87 Afterward Jeanette was reluctant to tell her father, “I had a feeling it would cause problems” (Walls 87) The second assault Walls documents, was when she was nine years old. “I was awakened by someone running his hands over my private parts.” “‘I just want to play a game with you’ a man’s voice said.” The next day when they told their father, “he said he was going to kill that low life…” Although, no serious action was taken to find him or prevent it from happening again. (Walls 103) The third offense took place while Jeanette...
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...your rationale and support your assertions with evidence from the readings and your own experiences LD Processing. Watch the video F.A.T. City LD Processing (http://www.youtube.com/watch?) by Rick Lavoie. Based on the readings, your experiences, and this video, what are some of your new insights on students with learning disabilities? What are some of the social, emotional, and academic, and processing needs of students with LD? What are five strategies you can use to support their needs? Inclusion. Reflect on this week’s learning on inclusion. Why do you think inclusion is an important element in meeting the needs of students with disabilities? What factors do you think would impact inclusion being successful in a school? How would you define “success” for an inclusive classroom? Raising Disability Awareness. For this assignment, you will explore disability areas to increase awareness regarding the characteristics and educational needs of each area. The disability areas that will be explored are learning disabilities, emotional/behavioral disabilities, intellectual disabilities, and autism. For each disability area, find one source specific to the disability (i.e. children’s book, journal article, multimedia resources, advocacy organization websites, professional...
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...The Case of Hillary Hillary is a 6-year-old with severe cerebral palsy and cognitive disability. Hillary has been attending a private school for children with developmental disabilities and severe handicaps for the past 2 months. According to her record, the student has a history of oral-pharyngeal dysphagia with silent aspiration and several bouts of pneumonia in the past 2 years. She has a PEG tube by which she receives her nutrition, hydration and medications. One morning Hillary’s home-room teacher approached the speech-language pathologist with a note written on a prescription paper ‘ordering’ oral feeding for Hillary while she is at school. The speech-language pathologist, John, is very concerned. He feels that it would be against professional standard to allow Hillary to eat orally. John feels that Hillary’s mother and physician do not have the student’s best interest at heart. Dysphagia Intervention in Schools As more students with chronic conditions receive their care in a traditional school setting, the speechlanguage pathologist is required to have a medical knowledge base for pediatric communication and swallowing disorders. Dysphagia intervention is becoming a more prominent component of the caseloads of speech-language pathologists who practice in the school setting. While this can be a rewarding challenge, scenarios in which clinicians find themselves can also have a more acute feel when managing a feeding tube and/or risk for aspiration...
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...Rather, willing general education students should volunteer their time into spending time with and modeling appropriate behavior and a higher level of academic skills to help these special education students succeed. Given that 52.6 million Americans have some level of disability and 33 million have a severe disability (according to the National Inclusion Service Project, “...a person with a severe disability is one who is unable to perform one or more activities of daily living; has one or more specific disabilities; or is a long-term user of assistive devices such as wheelchairs, crutches, and walkers”), people with disabilities cannot be ignored and must be given the proper education in a separate learning environment ("Section 508- Accessibility."), ("Basic Facts: People with Disabilities.")....
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...to do so will render me liable to disciplinary proceedings. Submission No: - 1 STUDENT NAME: LUCKY AKAEHOMEN STUDENT ID: 101760 TUTOR: KHALID KARIM Table of Contents PURPOSE OF REPORT 3 INTRODUCTION 3 (AC 1.1, M1) 4 1.1 4 AC 1.2 5 AC 1.3 6 A.C 3.1 9 A.C 3.2 11 A.C 4.1 11 A.C 4.2 11 A.C 4.3 12 REFERENCE 13 PURPOSE OF REPORT The purpose of this report is to show my understanding of the perceptions of health, disability, illness and behaviour. It is also to show how health and social care services and systems supports individuals with specific needs. This report will also show how much I understand the strategies that are necessary in coping with challenging behaviour related with specific needs and finally show the different approaches and intervention strategies that support individuals with specific needs. INTRODUCTION This report will cover a case study about Mr. K Gibbs, who was a 55year old man with severe learning disability and epilepsy. I will discuss the concepts of health, disability and illness in relation to service users in health and social care. I will also be assessing and discussing how perceptions about specific needs have changed over time whilst highlighting the impact of past and present legislation, policies and the way society and culture has changed the way services are provided. I will also emphasize the importance of diversity and further highlight how fulfilling the...
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...students in Ms. Lee’s special education class seem to be having difficulties learning basic survival skills. The classroom for children with special needs is designed like a home. Children are taught basic survival skills so that they will know what to do in an emergency. During a recent fire drill, the students held their hands over their ears instead of lining up at the door. Once we got them to the door we told them we are now going outside and four of the students turned toward the gym instead of toward the door that had been opened for them. In another case, while role-playing, the students were told that a classmate’s dress was on fire and was asked what to do, instead of answering that they should grab a blanket, throw it over the classmate and pull them to the ground, while patting the fire out, two students said throw water on it, six students said run, and the others did not answer. In another role-playing scenario, the students were told that their clothes were on fire and asked what to do, three students said to run instead of demonstrating stop, drop, and role....
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...INCLUSIVE EDUCATION: CHALENGES AND PROSPECT IN INDIAN PERSPECTIVE ABSTRACT Inclusive education is process of strengthening the capacity of the education system to reach out to all learners, irrespective of their abilities, disabilities, ethnicity, gender and age, and receives quality education. The purpose of the study is to ensure that all children gain access to quality education that will prepare them to contribute to country’s progress. Recommendations to send children with disabilities to mainstream schools were first made in the Sargent Report in 1944 and thereafter the Government of India has created numerous policies around inclusive education since the country’s independence. Despite the promotion of inclusive education, Govt. has focus on inclusive education as being about inclusion in the education system, but not specifically in the mainstream. We have adopted qualitative approach and secondary information on the status of inclusive education obtained from government documents, reports and available literature for the study. The review concludes although India’s remarkable progress to provide inclusive education, there is need to bridge the gaps in education system to build a strong system of inclusive education and must continue to improve the lives of its citizens. The study will help us have holistic perspective with respect to dealing with inclusive education. Keywords: inclusive education, legislation, India Introduction: Inclusion is an educational approach...
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...Characteristics Understand Characteristics of Students with Disabilities Some students with disabilities pass through typical developmental milestones and express skills within an average range for their age group. Others show delayed growth at certain developmental milestones, and many students with disabilities experience challenges as they navigate through the school curriculum. It is critical that special education teachers know how to differentiate between typical individual differences among children without disabilities and differences that may indicate a disability that requires interventions and/or specialized designed instruction. In addition, special education teachers need to know the most common types of disabilities that students may experience and how those disabilities affect their ability to learn and their behavior in the classroom. Competency 1 thus focuses on the characteristics of typical and atypical human growth and development and the characteristics of students with various disabilities that special education teachers are likely to encounter. The test includes a wide range of multiple-choice questions that address Competency 1. * Questions on typical and atypical behaviors and abilities for children and adolescents at particular ages. * Questions on the types and characteristics of various disabilities. * Questions on the similarities and differences among students with and without disabilities. This competency encompasses the following content: ...
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...with disabilities in higher education institutions in Andhra Pradesh Introduction Article 45(a) of the Constitution of India has guaranteed education as a fundamental right for every citizen. For this the government of India has been taking steps for equalization of educational opportunities to its entire people since independence (Das, 2000). In this respect, it is apt to think about students in higher education with special educational needs such as visual, hearing, locomotor and intellectually abled/disabled, who are experiencing difficulties in pursuing higher education. According to the Persons with Disability Act 1995, students with disabilities should have access to education all levels including higher education and it also giving 3% reservation in all higher education institutions in India. And the University Grants Commission has already attempted to facilitate better accessibility in higher education for persons with disabilities to achieve better results by giving special grants. But out 348 universities in India only 54 Universities and colleges were identified by UGC to grant funds for making friendly /accessible environment for differently abled students with in the campus. In India most of the universities are not in a position to take the initiative or responsibility to create friendly environment for students with disabilities, due to their uncertainties like lack co-ordination, awareness about the policies and needs of students with disabilities. As result...
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...request it from a participant before enrolling the individual into a research trial. Informed consent is based on guidelines provided by research and medical ethics. To give informed consent, the person involved must have sufficient reasoning faculties and have all the relevant facts. However, not all individuals may have capacities for informed consent due to impairments to reasoning and judgment such as mental immaturity, severe intellectual disabilities, mental illnesses, high stress levels, being in a coma, Alzheimer’s disease, and severe sleep deprivation. Medical and research actions may be carried out due to lack of informed consent. When a person is considered unable to give informed consent, another person can be authorized to give consent on behalf of that person (Manson & O'Neill, 2007). For instance, legal guardians or parents may give informed consent for young children and the mentally ill. In case a person is given insufficient information to make a reasoned decision, severe ethical issues may arise. In clinical trials, such cases are anticipated and avoided by Institutional Review Boards or ethics committees. For a person to give informed consent, three elements must be present: capacity, disclosure, and voluntariness. Although the law and guidelines demand that the researcher or medical practitioner must provide the subject or patient with sufficient information needed to make an...
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...How successful is RehabCare in Carlow with their Person Centred Planning (PCP) approach to client care? ➢ What is the attitude of RehabCare to the concept of empowerment, and how does it fit into the implementation of the PCP process in RehabCare, Carlow? ➢ To what extent does PCP at RehabCare contribute to the underlying goal of greater social inclusion? CONTENTS TITLE PAGE……………………………………… P 1 CONTENTS PAGE………………………………... P2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……………………….. P3 INTRODUCTION………………………………….. P4 LITERATURE REVIEW………………………….. P5 METHODOLOGY…………………………………. P11 FINDINGS………………………………………….. P13 ANALYSIS…………………………………………. P16 CONCLUSION…………………………………….. P18 BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………….. P20 APPENDIX (Interview Transcript)……………….. P22 THE END……………………………………………. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to take this opportunity to thank the management at RehabCare in Carlow, for being so helpful and informative. I would also like to thank the lecturer of this course, Ruth Casey, for all of her input and advice. Introduction Hereafter, I will discuss my participation in this endeavour in the third person, as the “researcher”. The researcher’s choice was to conduct a study of RehabCare in Carlow; and through the process of investigation in this organisation, an attempt was made to answer one main question, and two related sub-questions. Main Question: • How successful is RehabCare in Carlow with their Person Centred Planning...
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...infections •poor weight gain. An early sign is that an affected child’s sweat is unusually salty, which can be noticeable when you kiss your child. One in every ten babies born with cystic fibrosis develops a bowel obstruction called meconium ileus at birth or within the first few days of life. In these cases the meconium is so thick that it blocks the bowel instead of passing through. Babies with meconium ileus often need an urgent operation to relieve and bypass the blockage. Individuals with cystic fibrosis are prone to developing bone disease (thin, brittle bones) due to a lack of nutrition (which is lost through stools because of the damaged pancreas), and other complaints related to the disease. Adults with cystic fibrosis also have an increased risk of bone disease, which is a side effect of the steroids taken to control lung disease. Intellectual Effects Cystic fibrosis does not have a massive effect intellectually, however if an individual with this illness has become really ill they may have to miss lessons and that can put a strain on the education, results of exams and coursework for that individual, but other than that cystic fibrosis does not have intellectual...
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...and to engage with everyday tasks and although the patient Ash Oberoi Phenomenology Paper 2 knows his disability, he is equally ignorant of it. This leads to the idea of the habitual body acting as a guarantee for the actual body; meaning that the true body of the amputee consists of a variety of limbs including a phantom limb, but the habitual body is the part that has functions and has knowledge of how to go about the world and how to perform certain skills using limbs— this habitual body will essentially not allow itself to be compromised by the phantom limb. However, in contrast, to this approach the psychological account claims that the phantom limb is perceived as a memory or perception, while anosognosia is forgetfulness or a negative perception. With this psychological viewpoint, the phantom limb is perceived as a positive perception of an entity, which does not exist, while anosognosia is viewed as the lack of an actual presence. This goes along with the idea that “traumatic experiences do not subsist as a representation in the mode of objective consciousness and as a moment that has a date. Rather, its nature is to survive only as a style of being and only to a certain degree of generality” (85). After stating this, Merleau-Ponty goes on to compare the phantom limb to a repressed experience because he believes that both cases require a re-structuring of the present in order to not include the past. This goes along with the empirical...
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