...1. Introduction In 1906, Mr. C.G. Arnesen established Iron Pump A/S. Six years later in 1912, Iron Pump presented their first pump, which was installed in the world’s first ocean going diesel motor vessel, M/S Selandia (Iron Pump, Company). With more than 100 years of experience, Iron Pump is today a leading manufacturer of pumps in the marine and offshore industry. Today, the pumps are supplied worldwide where almost 90 percent of the output is through Iron Pumps network of agents in more than 70 countries (Iron Pump, Company). Iron Pump’s core competence is its main focus on production and R&D in the value creation activities (Hill, 2012, p. 425). This knowledge of applications has founded the corner stone of the company. Iron Pump is situated in Herlev, near Copenhagen and has around 100 employees. Iron Pump has an annual revenue exceeding EUR 18 million (Iron Pump, Company). With an ambitious growth strategy and full capability of competing globally, Iron Pump seeks continuous global growth in the future (Iron Pump, Company). In 2003 Iron Pump entered the Chinese market by establishing a representative office in Shanghai (Interview, Iron Pump). This report will focus on expansion of Iron Pump into the Chinese market, but why China? Firstly, with an expected GDP growth exceeding 7,5 percent in 2013, the Chinese economy is steadying, showing new signs of stabilization after a 2 year period of cooling due to the global financial crisis, hindering further globalization...
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...In the 1980’s, powerful individuals on both sides of the Iron Curtain shaped events like never before. By 1980, the world had seemingly settled into a set order in which MAD enforced stability. Détente might keep the world safe forever by fostering mutual respect for the other superpower’s sphere of influence, banning direct warfare, and even permitting each side to verify the other’s military capabilities in the interests of trust. But détente conceded large parts of the world to authoritarianism, poverty and suffering. Many people were unwilling to continue such an existence, and the Communists found it increasingly difficult to control them and their supporters. The centerpiece of détente was the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I)....
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...Biofunctions of Iron-sulfer proteins Yiming Chen, Brown University, May 11th, 2011 I. Introduction Iron-sulfur proteins are the proteins which contain iron-sulfur clusters, like sulfide-linked di-, tri-, and tetrairon centers with various oxidative states 1. An excess of 120 distinct types of enzymes and proteins are known to contain Fe-S clusters2. Iron-sulfur proteins are known for the role of the oxidation-reduction reactions of mitochondrial electron transportation. They are also discovered in a series of metalloproteins procedures, for example, ferredoxins 3, Coenzyme Qcytochrome c reductase 4, succinate-coenzyme Q reductase 5 and nitrogenase 6. The iron-sulfur proteins have many functions including catalysis, generate radicals, and also can play as sulfur donors in the biosynthesis of lipoic acid and biotin. Additionally some of the Fe-S proteins are able to regulate the gene expression. Furthermore, the discoveries of new iron-sulfur proteins and iron-sulfur clusters has led to lots of interests of their amazing functional and structural diversity, which reflects the versatility of both iron and sulfur in biochemical processes. Since these iron-sulfur proteins are vey common on the metabolic pathways of most organisms, it leads some scientific interests that iron-sulfur compounds had a significant role in the origin of life in the Iron-sulfur world theory 7. Thus theory claims that the early life on earth probaby formed on the surface of some iron sulfide minerals...
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...making it more susceptible to antibiotics, which is related to many infectious diseases. S. pneumoniae has a very high rate of recombination meaning it is able to adapt to medicine in a short span of time. Previous research about the erythrocytes, hey in the transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide during cellular respiration, shows that they are involved in the successful growth of bacteria due to its high concentration of iron. (2). Yamaguchi et al. found that iron within erythrocytes partially inhibit the growth of S. pneumoniae due to the free-radicals made between the interaction of iron and hydrogen peroxide. It was also found that in the presence of erythrocytes, the growth of S. pneumoniae increases substantially, as well as a new invasion strategy employed by S....
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...suggested that patients with iron deficiency could also be more susceptible to infections than those with a normal iron status[7–9]. In fact, iron is a fundamental nutrient for humans, but also a key element for bacteria growth[10–13]. Essentially, free iron in circulation promotes the release of siderophores by various bacteria, which in turn, allows the latter to compete with the host for the existing free iron. To enhance bacterial growth, the iron complexes formed are thus incorporated by receptor-mediated endocytosis[14, 15]. Moreover, evidence also suggests that a second mechanism exists for acquiring available iron in the bloodstream, through the secretion of hemolysins[16]. Iron metabolism is extensively altered by inflammation. In fact, sequestration of this element normally occurs in response to an acute inflammatory reaction, which might represent part of a defense mechanism of the human body[10]. For patients admitted to the ICU, two correlations have been established for sepsis: a direct correlation between C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin concentrations and an inverse correlation between CRP concentration and transferrin values in the first day of hospitalization[17]. Furthermore, Fernandez et al have demonstrated, in a small sample of ICU patients, that functional iron deficiency measured by reticulocyte hemoglobin content is associated to worst outcomes such as ICU acquired infections and higher length of stay[18, 19]. Iron is essential for...
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...phenolphthalein were combined. A piece of paper was soaked in this mixture. 2 nails (one straight, one bent) were wrapped in the damp paper allowing space in between, then left for 10mins. After which, colors formed in the paper napkins were observed. The second part was the bimetallic corrosion. 2 iron nails were cleaned using sand paper. In one nail, copper wire was coiled around its tip. On the other, a zinc granule was attached to its tip. Another paper was soaked in the same mixture in which the nails were wrapped separately and were left for 10mins. The papers were opened and sites where pink and blue colors formed were examined. The results didn’t absolutely correspond to the objectives of this experiment due to the errors on the materials used; however, it was inferred that during the process of corrosion, the metal ions dissolve and the electrons transfer to another location where they’re taken up by oxygen. A mixture of hydrous iron oxides is then produced from the resulting hydroxide ions which react with iron (II). This mixture is what’s commonly known as rust. In the zinc granule – iron nail combination, it was found out that the zinc was oxidized faster compared with iron...
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...and fatigue, is iron-deficiency anemia. Iron deficiencies have been found to occur frequently in athletes and young adults who exercise excessively. Iron deficiency is common in those who exercise frequently because of the amount of iron that is expelled from the body through excessive sweating (Wouthuyzen-Bakker & Assen, 2015). Iron-deficiency anemia is common in vegetarians because of the lack of animal proteins consumed. Meats, including fish, red meats, and poultry, help the body absorb iron. Without consuming meat or supplementing iron through other foods or vitamins iron levels are often low in vegetarians (Beck, Conlon, & Kruger 2014). Fatigue and cold intolerance are common symptoms of iron-deficiency anemia (Lewis, Dirksen & Heitkemper, 2014). A full history and physical exam should be done for this patient in order to detect any other underlying causes. The patient should be assessed for other signs and symptoms of iron-deficiency anemia such as heart palpatations, shortness of breath, headaches, paleness, or pruritus. A complete blood count should also be done on this patient to determine the levels of serum ferritin (Callachand, 2015). One pharmacologic treatment option for iron-deficiency anemia is an oral iron supplement. By taking supplemental iron the patient will get the amount of iron needed to maintain normal blood levels that she is not getting from her diet. There are also alternatives which are called sodium ferrous gluconate and iron sucrose, these are...
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...1) General Halogens are a group of nonmetal elements from group 7 of the Periodic Table. It contains fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I) and astatine (At). Ununseptium (Uus) is an artificially created element and it is sometimes considered to be a halogen. Halogens have a valency of 1 and a halogen ion has a charge of 1-. Like other groups, there are similarities and trends (both physical and chemical) within the different elements in this group. Below is a table showing the electronic configuration and formula of the halogens. |Halogen |Room temperature (20 oC) |Vapour Colour | |Fluorine |Yellow Gas |Yellow | |Chlorine |Green Gas |Green | |Bromine |Red/Brown Liquid |Orange | |Iodine |Dark Grey/Violet Solid |Purple/Violet | |Astatine |Black Solid |Dark Purple | The halogens become darker as you go down the group. Fluorine is very pale yellow, chlorine is yellow-green and bromine is red-brown. Iodine crystals are shiny purple-black but easily turn into a dark purple vapour when they are warmed up. Common properties The halogens have the following properties in common: • they are non-metals • they have low melting and boiling points • they are brittle when...
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...1.0 OBJECTIVES - To study the causes of rusting of iron - To investigate type of reaction involved in rusting of iron - To suggest how to prevents rusting of iron 2.0 INTRODUCTION 3.1 HYPOTHESES In this experiment, we predicted that the nail that will rust the fastest is the condition of nail with the presence of water, oxygen and salts. 2.2 THEORY Rusting of iron is one of the most common and economically destructive form of corrosion. Corrosion causes tens of billions dollars of damage to cars, ships, buildings, and bridges each year. This natural process oxidizes metals to their oxides and sulfides. About 25% of the steel produced in United States each year is for replacing steel in which the iron has corroded. Rust is not a direct product between iron and oxygen but arises through a complex electrochemical process. The facts concerning the corrosion of iron are as follows : 1) Iron does not rust in dry air; moisture must be present. 2) Iron does not rust in air-free water; oxygen must be present. 3) Iron loss and rust formation occur at different places on the same object. 4) Iron rusts more quickly at low pH (high [H+]). 5) Iron rusts more quickly in ionic solutions. 6) Iron rusts more quickly in contact with a less active metal (such as Cu) and more slowly in contact with a more active metal (such as Zn). Rusting is a redox reaction in which iron is oxidized and oxygen is reduced. The redox reaction of rusting can be represent...
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...scientists have looked for a way to fortify iodized salt to combat iron-deficiency anemia, which affects some two billion people, as well as vitamin A deficiency, which afflicts at least 100 million children in poor countries and is the leading cause of blindness among them. Canadian researchers have now developed practical way to double- and triple- fortify salt, which might also be more acceptable to people than genetically modified foods in tackling malnutrition. Adding iron to iodized salt is a simple idea that has proved difficult to execute. The chemicals are incompatible: when mixed together, iodine vaporizes and iron degrades. After more than a decade, Levente Doisady, a chemical engineer at the University of Toronto, finally solved the problem by borrowing a technique from the food industry referred to as microencapsulation. The process involves spraying iron particles with stearine, a vegetable fat, which creates a protective coat and prevents the iron from reacting with the iodine. Encapsulating the iron, however, was only part of the solution. Diosady’s team also had to change the appearance of the iron particles-which are dark brown and much smaller than salt grains. “The iron can’t look like mice droppings in the salt,” Diosady’s said. “This is important in developing countries where food contamination is a problem.” So to make the iron resemble salt, Diosady first sprays the microscopic iron granules with maltodextrin, a modified food...
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...Iron and steel, cement, aluminium, machine tools, petrochemicals producing industries are called mineral based industries. Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, from an orebody, lode, vein, (coal) seam or reef, which forms the mineralized horizon and package of economic interest to the miner. To gain access to the mineralised package within the lease area (aka Mining Rights Lease) it is often necessary to mine through (to create access, shafts, addits, ramps) or remove to the side waste material which is not of immediate interest to the miner. The total movement of ore and waste, which also includes the removal of soil in some cases, is referred to as the mining process. Depending on the nature, attitude, and grade of the orebody, it is often the case that more waste than ore is mined during the course of the life of a mine. The waste removal and placement is a major cost to the mining operator and to facilitate detailed planning the detailed geological and mineralisation characterization of the waste material forms an essential part of the geological exploration programme. The science of extractive metallurgy is a specialized area in the science of metallurgy that studies the extraction of valuable metals from their ores, especially through chemical or mechanical means. Mineral processing (or mineral dressing) is a specialized area in the science of metallurgy that studies the mechanical means of crushing, grinding, and washing...
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...NORTHCENTRAL UNIVERSITY ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET Learner: Teka L. Williams Academic Integrity: All work submitted in each course must be the Learner’s own. This includes all assignments, exams, term papers, and other projects required by the faculty mentor. The known submission of another person’s work represented as that of the Learner’s without properly citing the source of the work will be considered plagiarism and will result in an unsatisfactory grade for the work submitted or for the entire course, and may result in academic dismissal. Psych 6302-8 Dr. Nickerson Impact of Psychological Illness on Nutrition Assignment # 6 <Add Learner comments here> ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Faculty Use Only ------------------------------------------------- <Faculty comments here> Impact of Psychological Illness on Nutrition Healthy nutrition is often a reflection of healthy living in general. Psychosocial behaviors, psychological illness, cognitive deficiencies, and body image are among the many behavioral and psychosocial factors that can have an impact on nutrition. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is amongst the most common neurobehavioral disorders in children, with a prevalence...
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...Section # 001 Experiment #: 4 Date performed: 3-17-08 Date due: 3-31-08 Electricity from Motion (Induced Electromotive Force) Principal investigator: Simeon Cherrix_____________________________________ Skeptic: Clayton Spiceland_______________________________________ Researcher Jay Patel______________________________________________ TA Alec Sim_____________________________________________ Role | I | DC | AD | RC | Q1 | Q2 | PI | PG | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | I introduction DC data and calculation AD analysis and discussion RC results and conclusion Q1/Q2 quiz/prelab PI principal investigator points PG personal grade Introduction: The purpose of the lab is to study the effects due to magnetic fields in motion and also to determine the qualitative features of electromagnetic induction. Procedure: 1. For the Part 1 of the lab, a solenoid was connected to a galvanometer, as shown in the data and calculations. First, the North pole was inserted into the coil, then in the opposite direction, with the South Pole first. Then, the magnitude and sign of the deflection on the galvanometer was recorded in μAmps. Also, an exact sketch is made of the solenoid, the direction of the velocity, the induced magnetic field, the induced current and the magnetic polarity of the solenoid induced in provided in the data and...
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...SLAG - IRON AND STEEL December, 2014 16-1 SLAG - IRON AND STEEL 16 Slag - Iron and Steel S lag is a by-product generated during manufacturing of pig iron and steel. It is produced by action of various fluxes upon gangue materials within the iron ore during the process of pig iron making in blast furnace and steel manufacturing in steel melting shop. Primarily, the slag consists of calcium, magnesium, manganese and aluminium silicates in various combinations. The cooling process of slag is responsible mainly for generating different types of slags required for various end-use consumers. Although, the chemical composition of slag may remain unchanged, physical properties vary widely with the changing process of cooling. In an integrated steel plant, 2 to 4 tonnes of wastes (including solid, liquid and gas) are generated for every tonne of steel produced. A c c o r d i n g l y, t o d a y t h e e m p h a s i s i s o n t h e avoidance of waste generation, recycling and reuse of waste, and minimising the adverse impact of disposal on the environment. Among all the solid/liquid wastes, slags generated at iron making and steel making units are created in the largest quantities. With increasing capacities, disposal of large quantities of slag becomes a big environmental concern and a critical issue for steel makers. Over the last few years, with a better understanding of slags, its functions and improvements in process technologies have led ...
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...period in America. The film first opened by talking about how in the late 1800’s Andrew Carnegie was now the richest man in the United States. But how did he get to be that way? Well, that is what the film goes into next. New Englanders were faced with a crisis in these times, iron was too expensive, but iron was the thing that fueled the New Englanders industry. So the colony started to manufacture their own iron to try and cut costs. Many iron mills were created in the New England area, and some Americans, but many indentured servants from Europe worked in the iron mills. With America becoming a hub for producing iron, the British wanted to restrict the growth of the iron mills in the United States but ultimately failed, because by independence day, the United States now produced 1/4 of the worlds iron. Many cities emerged with the creation of the many iron mills in America, one being Pittsburg, which became iron’s capital. When Andrew Carnegie was a young boy, he was poor and worked as a telegrapher, until noticed and admired by Tom Scott, a man who was very knowledgable in the railroad and iron industry. Soon after Tom Scott discovered Carnegie, Carnegie became his assistant, and became very interested in iron and the use of it to build America’s many new railroads. However, while iron was a great industry for Carnegie, with the invention of steel in 1856, Carnegie soon began smelting iron into steel. Soon after, Carnegie had established many state of the art steel plants...
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