...Introduction On a beautiful morning in Hawaii people were waking up to start their day. Who would have thought that for some people it might be the last time they wake up. On December 7, 1941 a Japanese dive bomber bearing the Japanese flag flew over the Island of Oahu. 360 more Japanese warplanes followed after. The Japanese went to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, launching a surprise attack. After the attack, President Roosevelt called December 7 a day to remember. President Roosevelt appeared before congress to ask to declare war against Japan. That was the start of changes for the Japanese Americans. Japanese Immigration to the United States Japanese immigrants first came to the United States in the 1880s. Railroads recruited...
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...1213-008 October 10 2015 The Rugged Road to True Freedom The United States of America is a place some people only dream of residing in. During the early twentieth century, hundreds of Japanese people ventured towards America—a land of freedom, equality, and justice. These people left an unstable homeland in search of peace and prosperity with the hope of providing a better future for their children. Ronald Takaki, in his book titled Strangers from a Different Shore, remarks that “America represented liminality,” and so Asian immigrants “could imagine what they could do in an unformed America, and their dreams inspired them to take risks. They wondered what they could become, unfurled before the winds of change and challenge”(42). This represents Japanese extravagance as a whole—traveling beyond known boundaries in pursuit of new freedom. Yet what seemed free wasn’t free at all, but rather a future of harsh treatment. Japanese-Americans crossed the boundaries of their homeland only to come into contact with more boundaries in America—of racism, American legislation and ultimately internment—which taxed the extravagance of Japanese-Americans. Throughout the next several decades, Japanese extravagance morphs to deal with America’s act of yarding them in through its legislation. In 1885, the Japanese government announced it would be sending six hundred immigrants to Hawaii. Many who crossed the frontier were financially distressed and viewed “themselves as dekaseginin—laborers working...
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...11502614 Executive Summary RECOMMENDATION： Take the chance, lead the market! Adopt the new technology and enter Japanese market! As the saying goes "Never be afraid to try something new ". After adopting the new strategies, Net Present Value for the whole project will soar to 6,114,217, which is almost three times the NPV of the former project. Besides, tapping into the booming Japanese market and take 2% market share, company will receive not only significant capital gain but many other intangible benefits. Why using new technology is a winning strategy? 1. Statistically, new technology brings along a higher return. Once adopt the new technology, NPV will increase significantly from$2,233,511 to $4,895,728 , IRR of the new project will also be 16% higher. 2. This is a chance to clean up the competitors ahead and gain the first-mover advantage. The adoption of the new technology will prevent a possible drop in sales if counterparts implement similar technology. Furthermore, company can obtain the competitive advantage by selling the patent of this technology to make profit. 3. Many intangible benefits will be generated. reputation is the life of the company. New technology adoption reduces pollution, implements CSR and helps better promote corporate image and increases brand recognition. Why entering Japanese market is a must? 1. Booming Japanese market ensures higher return. With approve of OEM in Japan, company can penetrate into this big and fast expanding market...
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...Intercultural Communication (Spring 2015) Moodle Title: BA3H HM302 Date: 22nd May, 2015 Words Count: 3982 Table of Content Table of Content 2 Introduction 3 Comparison between dimensions of American and Japanese culture 4 Background of cultures 4 Power Distance 7 Individualism v.s. Collectivism 9 Masculinity v.s. Femininity 11 Uncertainty Avoidance 13 Long-Term Orientation 15 Important issues during business negotiations in Japan 16 Greetings 16 Time 17 Appropriate attires 17 Business cards 18 Gifts 18 Meetings 19 Seating 19 During the negotiations 20 Role of language negotiation 20 Exchange of favors 21 Japanese Etiquette of non-verbal expressions 22 Leaving 22 Follow-up of the negotiation 23 Relationship building 23 Conclusions 24 References 25 Introduction Dear Ms. Johnson, Regarding globalization brings culture diversity into organizations all over the world, while there are managers and staff from different cultural backgrounds, potential conflicts may arise in organizations if we are not sensitive to the inherent differences. As a manager in hospitality which is a people-orientated industry, it is relatively important for you to understand well intercultural differences in working places, whenever dealing with guests or fellow staff, because of same behaviors under different cultural backgrounds can greatly affects the comfort and harmony atmosphere within an organization...
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...November 1943 and named the first campaign Operation Galvanic. The Japanese conquered the Tarawa atoll; part of the Gilbert Islands, shortly after the attack on Pearl Harbor and immediately started to construct an airfield on its largest island Betio. The seventy-six hour battle for Betio was the first amphibious operation against a well-fortified and defended atoll. The human loss of lives for Tarawa was shocking to the American public. The American public was not prepared for the cost involved in pressing an amphibious assault against a strongly held enemy island. The amphibious assault on the Tarawa Atoll at Betio taught the navy and the marines some vital lessons in amphibious warfare that would save thousands of lives in future campaigns. Tarawa Atoll: Lessons from Betio The United States began its Central Pacific campaign in November 1943 and named the first campaign Operation Galvanic. Operation Galvanic was the United States attack on Tarawa Atoll, which focused on the largest island of Betio. The seventy-six hour battle for Betio was the first amphibious operation against a well-fortified and defended atoll. Prior to Betio, navy, and marine amphibious operations were untested in atoll assaults. The amphibious assault on the Tarawa Atoll at Betio taught the navy and the marines some vital lessons in amphibious warfare that would save thousands of lives in future campaigns. Setting the Stage The Japanese conquered the Tarawa atoll; part of the Gilbert Islands, shortly...
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...THE COMPARISON OF READING CULTURE AMONG JAPANESE AND VIETNAMESE PEOPLE. TABLE OF CONTENT PART A: INTRODUCTION I: Rationale II: Aims of the study III: Objectives of the study IV: Scope of the study V: Methods of the study PART B: DEVELOPMENT I: Reading culture review 1: Definition of book 2: Definition of reading culture II: Reading culture of Japanese people 1: History of reading culture 1.1: In the past 1.2: At present 2: The importance of reading culture to Japanese people 3: The development of reading culture III: Reading culture of Vietnamese people 1: History of reading culture 2: The importance of reading culture to Vietnamese people 3: The development of reading culture IV: Intercultural communication in reading culture among Japanese and Vietnamese people PART C: CONCLUSION PART A: INTRODUCTION I: Rationale With the trend of globalization and integration, many traditional values have been forgotten. Computer, telephone appears more and more frequent. Of course, they have many advantages but frankly, book always is a biggest resources of knowledge. And reading is a crucial thing to do if we want to get the better future. I am a student, who always want to learn and explore about the differences between the culture of Japan and Vietnam. I realized reading culture is one of characteristics need to mentioned. Besides that, I am also love reading book. As a result, I decided to choose this study...
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...Why Do Japanese Fall Asleep In Meetings? Santiago Puente Gallegos Intercultural Management 2341 March 9, 2016 Bill Louden Why Do Japanese Fall Asleep In Meetings? According to Rochelle Koop the reason why Japanese fall asleep in meetings is because “Japanese believe that by closing their eyes, they can hear more effectively, because they are screening out the visual stimulus and focusing only on the sound” (Koop, 2011, p.109). After I was reading this case study, and I wondered what would be my reaction if people stayed silent after I spoke? A lot of things came through my mind. For example, as a Hispanic I would think that Japanese falling asleep during my speech is rude and disrespectful. Probably, I would walk away and leave the office. But I have to consider that not all cultures and customs are the same as ours. On the other hand, I would put my mind working and begin thinking that Japanese are probably evaluating my speech, are visualizing my ideas, or that like the author states, “I’m so boring that this key person is sleeping” ( Koop, 2011, p.109). I have to think that in the business world, I might...
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...commanders of World War II to the Japanese people and is idolized as hero. His legacy span’s from service during the battle of Tsushima Strait to the battle of Midway. Not only was he a brilliant naval commander he was an innovator and saw that the air power is the future of naval warfare and saw to the better aircraft for the Japanese navy. His methods to attack were unique and his opinions were always valued by those around him. Although he saw America as an enemy he respected the power and industrial might the United States held compared to Japan. He was once asked by the Japanese Prime Minister if Japan stood a chance against America. He replied, “We can run wild for six months or a year, but after that I have no confidence.” (Joseph). Yamamoto was born April 4th, 1884 and was the sixth son to Sadayoshi Takano. His name means 56 only because his father was 56 at his date of birth. At the age of 16 he joined the Japanese Imperial Navy and was sent to Japanese Naval Academy at Etajima. He graduated in 1904 and was stationed around the cruiser Nisshin and the participated in the battle for Tsushima Strait. He lost two fingers on his left hand, but because of his potential leaderships skills was sent to Naval Staff College in 1913. In 1919, Yamamoto was sent to study in America. He studied English in Harvard and also studied into the strengths and weakness of the US. He graduated in 1923 and was knowledgeable in naval aviation and viewed it as the future of naval combat. However, many...
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...established in Japan in 1920. Japanese culture hasn’t changed but the world around Japan has changed. Panasonic tried very hard to adhere to the values that were already in motion but as the times changed so did Panasonic. Although this was a drastic change it allowed Panasonic to grow. “As the decade progressed, one Japanese firm after another was forced to change its traditional ways of doing business” (Global Business Today, 2011, pp. 126). Globalization played a huge role in the outcome of the Japanese businesses. Questions 1. The triggers of cultural change in Japan during the 1990s were that the generation born after 1964 wasn’t as motivated and grew up in a much richer and prosperous Japan. Another trigger was that the Japanese economy was sucked into a slump. Due to the fact that the companies in Japan were trying to keep their traditions and values, keep their employees happy and maintain good and efficient business caused the companies to suffer. Cultural change is starting to affect traditional values in Japan because it is causing companies to change their values. Companies are no longer following the set of values and folkways from previous years. They are beginning to follow the same rules and regulations of the society. Panasonic was also letting go of employees and modifying the social structure to better fit the company. 2. Japan’s changing culture might influence the way Japanese business operates in the future because all of the rules and...
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...In 1894, Kabo reforms were started by pro Japanese Korean officials (Eckert). Kabo reforms were a form of social reform program that was largely borrowed from Japan. This essay was going to analyze the Kabo reforms of Korea in 1894 and compared it with the customary constitution of 2013. After the implementation of Kabo reforms, the society was thoroughly transformed. Traditionally land used to belong to the king, although some definite land belonged to the families which were passed from one generation to the next and including communal land which was owned by clans. The Japanese conducted a land survey between 1910 and 1920 to place land ownership into the modern acreage. People who tilled their land for generally but could not legally prove that the land belonged to them had their land taken away from them. Those lands taken away came into control of the colonial government or into the hands of Japanese companies. So, some former landowners became landless or tenants in their previous land. The Japanese built, new roads, railways, schools, hospitals and established a modern system of government (John B. Duncan). All these developments were meant to link Korea and Japan. These projects provided the native Koreans with employment opportunities. The Koreans worked at the lower levels of these projects. A majority of Koreans suffered under the Japanese rule. Farmers were forced out of their farms, and Korean workers working in Japanese companies were treated like slaves. The...
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...to serve Japan. Japanese army at that time established those prostitution for preventing the rape crimes and give their soldiers easily opportunities to solve their sexual needs. Most of comfort women come from neighbor countries, such as Korea or China, they are the majority of the number. Besides, other women come from the further countries as well, for example Malaysia, Taiwan, Philippines, Indonesia and Taiwan; and more than that, they can be Japanese too. After the war has ended, those comfort women can finally find...
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...STRATEGIC INTENT |To: |Professor Friberg | |From: |Michael Dunagan | |Date: |April 27, 2010 | |MGT 512: |Strategic Management | | |of Technology | Focus on Strategic Intent Introduction In the book "Random Walk Down Wall Street", Burton Malkiel took the idea of efficient markets to its logical conclusion, and argued that a blindfolded monkey in theory should be able to perform as well on the stock market as professional brokers. The Wall Street Journal found this argument intriguing, and decided to test the hypothesis by having reporters throw darts to select random stocks. An informal competition was consequently arranged over several months to test how random selection performed against leading stock traders. Luckily for the financial analysts, the latter managed to at least beat the darts on average, but the victory was not deemed sufficiently convincing enough to justify the hefty brokerage fees charged by analysts. Similar criticism has been raised against management consultants, but a performance comparison can in this case not be performed using darts or monkeys. Despite the criticism, consulting is a quickly growing industry and the demand for tools like strategic models are increasing in correlation with the industry. It thus created somewhat of an upheaval when London Business School...
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...The internment of Japanese Americans in the United States during the World War II was a very devastating event in history. Many Americans were filled with fear and anger. They feared that those who are on American soil and has Japanese ancestry were enemies and would bring danger to the country. All these anxieties led to the decision of creating the internment camps. The Japanese American internment camps were a gratuitous act that revealed the Americans’ fear, and true feelings and thoughts about the accused enemies. One reason why the internment camps were unnecessary is that none of the Japanese-Americans had caused any troubles or disruptions in the country, yet the government still considered relocating them to a miserable and strange setting. According to the article, “Japanese-American Internment Was An Unnecessary And A Racist Act,” Henry Steele Commager, a historian, stated that “It is sobering to recall that the record does not disclose a single case of Japanese disloyalty or sabotage...
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...Professions 5-21-2010 Article 4 Business Negotiations between the Americans and the Japanese Yumi Adachi Weber State University Follow this and additional works at: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/gbl Recommended Citation Adachi, Yumi (1997) "Business Negotiations between the Americans and the Japanese," Global Business Languages: Vol. 2, Article 4. Available at: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/gbl/vol2/iss1/4 Copyright © 2010 by Purdue Research Foundation. Global Business Languages is produced by Purdue CIBER. http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/gbl Yumi Adachi Weber State University BUSINESS NEGOTIATIONS BETWEEN THE AMERICANS AND THE JAPANESE INTRODUCTION Culture in the business world is not the same as general culture.1 Even native speakers of the language learn business manners and practices, and cooperative culture when they actually engage in a real life setting. It is not sufficient in business for foreigners to understand only the general culture of the target language, since culture and language cannot be separated (King), yet language study by itself is inadequate. Language is constructed with a strong influence exerted by the culture. Indeed, when studying language, it is incumbent upon us to study the culture of the target language (Bloch). Even though culture cannot explain everything (Fallows), and the business world shares a common ground regardless of culture (Bloch), fundamental features of the Japanese cultural values result in a different negotiation discourse from that of English...
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...In 1942, the American soil that has “justice for all” carried out an Executive order to get all Japanese Americans out of the place they called home. Reacting off of fear from the Pearl Harbor attack, on December 7, 1941 President Roosevelt created the order to create a sense of protection from America’s own citizens. Albeit most these people had come legally and only to better themselves, thing as such as racism, prejudice, and mistreatment showed throughout the United States the “Land Of The Free”. In my opinion, the reasoning behind this is not justified. As previously stated, Japanese came to the United States to have peace and prosperity. Though leaving their unstable homeland may not have been easy, they came to pursue for a life of hard work and the chance to provide a better future for their children. In the 14th amendment it prohibits states from lowering the privileges of citizens and implies that each citizen has the right to due process and the equal protection of the law. This was not applied to japanese Americans due to the fact that had a law put against them. Instead, they were forced to leave their homes and start a life worse than what they experienced in japan. Children had to face looking into their parents eyes to hopefully find answers, but only looked away with more questions....
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