...Running head: SHACKLETON: THE LEADER Shackleton: The Leader Chris Pilkington Chapman University Foundations of Organizational Leadership OLCU 600 Dr. James Liberty Dec 16, 2006 Shackleton: The Leader For some, Ernest Shackleton’s pursuit of being the first to cross the Antarctic on foot was a complete failure, as he never made it to Antarctica. However, for those who study leadership his failure was nothing short of extraordinary. Trapped for almost two years on the ice floes of the Antarctic without proper rations, the group watched their ship crushed by those same floes, and without the modern day artic expeditionary gear, Shackleton kept the hope of reaching land alive in all of his men. What were the leadership skills, traits, abilities, or style that allowed Shackleton to hold this group of 27 men together for just under two years? Arguably, Shackleton was a transformational leader using many of the other types of leadership, such as the skills approach, the trait theory, and the path-goal theory as written by Northouse. Although I consider Shackleton a transformational leader, arguments based around a skills approach type of leadership for Shackleton are possible. According to Northouse a skills type of approach to leadership “imply what leaders can accomplish whereas traits imply who leaders are” (Northouse, 2004, 36). Northouse goes on to give the three-management skills necessary at different levels of an organization as technical...
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...Creating Respect IKEAs leaders need respect to every worker including their suppliers and the overall population, before choice is developed the leaders need consider within and the outer environment. That system would develop brand devotion while making and keeping up strong work atmosphere. Ought to be not sort of isolation and if there is the leader commitment to set up and measure towards oversee these practices, the leaders ought to ensure that they these are objectives and no partition beginning towards their side. Training Program To accomplish organisation target One the central point is preparing project to bolster organisational future. IKEA's needs to develop multinational furniture chain and it are critical for Leader ship...
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...accomplishment of a common task. A successful leader is one who can lead their followers to a predetermined goal. Cheng Shih was a very successful leader, who built up her followership and equity and even overpowered the Chinese Army. She was a ruthless leader who gained power though the fear of her followers. This kind of autocratic leadership was the reason that she was so successful. Her followers were pirates who, at any moment, could defy her authority and overpower her. Their fear of her authority was the reason that they followed her lead. Cheng Shih was born in 1775 in China (Ossian). All that much is known about her before she married Cheng I, a commander of a pirate fleet, was that she was a prostitute on a floating brothel. When she married Cheng I in 1801 the two of them began to build up their coalition of ships and sailors. The two of them adopted a son named Chang Pao. In 1807 her husband passed away, leaving her the sole leader of a pirate coalition of 400 ships and over 70,000 sailors (Harry, 2008). Cheng took the piracy and turned it into a business. She expected to gain from any venture that her followers attempted. She would take the plunder and pay the pirates a percentage. She demanded that the villages pay her taxes to keep their homes safe (Hiskey, 2014). Discipline was expected and harshly dealt with. She set up strict regulations that her followers were expected to follow. The only people that could issue commanders were leaders of the fleet, stealing from a village...
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...Leaders Are Born Not Made Introduction: The factual analysis about leader ship in this essay is based on results published in Journals and books published in various time-periods and by a variety of respected people belonging to the Psychological societies around the world. The fact being that no Leader is identical to an other so deriving a conclusion from any particular theory has always been a question mark. Although one may comment about the innate genetic factors which has given raise to “Born Leaders” and the “Made Leaders” by their choice and opportunities to improve their skills and work towards a goal. Born and Made Concept: According to “Fielder”, leader is defined as a person who is “appointed, elected, or informally chosen to direct and co-ordinate the work of others in a group”. So one has to understand leader and leader-ship are two very different concepts. With reference to the statement leaders are “born not made”, certain predispositions such as personality characteristics, could add an additional advantage of being a leader. The other factors such as family genes which one may procure are definitely cannot be argued upon. Intelligence, religion-growth-status, society, education, training, job etc... remain as external factors influencing ones Leadership. Therefore a change and a conflict is simply evident. The recent break through of a concept called “Cloning” has stirred a wider controversy about replicating a “LEADER”. Although the research is banned in...
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...2015 Abstract Noted as the most notable munity in the history of navigation, Mutiny on the Bounty descripts the voyages of Captain Bligh and subsequent mutiny of this crew. In 1787, William Bligh was appointed the captain of the Bounty. The mission of the trip was to travel to Tahiti to obtain breadfruit trees for transplanting in the West Indies for the purpose of producing food for the slaves owned by the English nobility. There where multiple reasons for the mutiny, however the main cause was the leadership style of Captain Bligh. He was viewed as a tyrant on the ship, acting more of a dictator than a leader. The second-in-command, Fletcher Christian had a participative or facilitator type leadership style that caused conflict. The different styles often caused strife among the two men, ultimately leading to the munity. (The Bounty 1984) This paper discusses the comparison and contract of Captain Bligh and Fletcher Christian leadership styles. The Leaders The two main characters of the voyage are Captain Bligh and his second –in-command, Fletcher Christian. The trip to the Tahiti was one of difficulty in regards to overcrowding, lack of food or water; also what the crew considers the tranny of Captain Bligh. The stay on the island was beneficial to the crew as they enjoyed the tropics and became friendly with the natives, especially with the women. Upon the announcement of the ship’s departure for the travel to the West Indies the crew realized the conditions...
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...Turn the Ship Around The theme of this book is the change in leadership approach introduced by a Retired US Submarine Captain to get away from the blind obedience that results from a highly-directive leadership style, typical of the armed forces. His experience turned a poor-performing unit into a leading performer measured by several relevant indicators. The key message of the book is that “Leadership should mean giving control rather than taking control, and creating leaders rather than forging followers”. This is the author’s essential tenet, and it is something he terms ‘the leader-leader model’. After highlighting the poor scores in various metrics of employee engagement in the US economy (mirrored by similar levels of disengagement...
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...leadership style is key in starting any business; choosing the wrong style one can stunt the growth of their business. “Leadership styles are not something to be tried on like so many suits, to see which fits. Rather, they should be adapted to the particular demands of the situation, the particular requirements of the people involved and the particular challenges facing the organization.” (Murray, 2009) The text examines three main types of leadership styles, Leadership being defined as the “ability to direct or inspire people to attain organizational goals.” (Boone & Kurtz, 2011) Autocratic leadership, Democratic leadership, and Free-rein leadership are the three main forms of leadership styles discussed. Autocratic leaders make all the decisions about the business, without consulting others. In Contrast a Democratic leader will involve others in the business decision making. At the other end of the spectrum entirely is a free-rein leader who gives minimal input, and allows management to make all the business decisions. As with anything each style has its pro’s and con’s. The co-founder, chairman, and chief executive officer of Apple Inc, Steve Jobs spent the majority of his career being an innovator of new technology. Being one of the most recognized figures of mainstream media, due to the production of apple personal computers, and an assortment of “I” products. Steve Jobs built his empire on profit seeking behavior, and integrated showmen ship. Apple was...
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...Assessing Your Leadership Style to Achieve Organizational Objectives EILEEN NEWMAN RUBIN Research has shown that there are more than 30 differently named leadership styles, ranging from micro-management to hands-off, each with its own proponents. Six, however, stand out as most com- monly found in business: authoritarian, democratic, transformational, laissez-faire, servant, and situa- tional. A review of the experiences of six leaders who embody these styles reveals that each mode of operating has its pros and cons; there is no sin- gle best approach. Being aware of one’s leadership style and that of others makes it possible to lever- age strengths and compensate for weaknesses and to properly match individuals to a particular role or task—for the good of the entire organization. ©C 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Whether they are involved in politics, corporate America, or a nonprofit endeavor, the style in which managers and other professionals exert their lead- ership can determine the outcome of their efforts. As the American businessman and political fig- ure Erskine Bowles said, “Leadership is the key to 99 percent of all successful efforts” (Kruse, 2012). But what is the best leadership style to use? There is no simple answer to this seemingly simple ques- tion. One’s leadership style depends on several fac- tors, including the personality of the leader, the or- ganizational culture (and the many subcultures that may exist within it), the personalities of the people...
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...South Georgia Island on a British Polar expedition into South Atlantic aboard the ship called Endurance. The south pole had been recently reached in 1911. The goal of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition was to become the first explorers to land on the Antarctic continent as well as cross it. The original plan was to sail Endurance through the Weddell Sea and then use dogs and sledges to support the crew of six men to march on the opposite side of Antarctica. However, their ship became trapped in the pack ice of the Weddell Sea, before they could reach the Antarctic coast. For more than eight months, they drifted helplessly with the ocean currents that carried them to over 670 miles north. Attempts were made to free the ship at times when cracks appeared in the ice nearby, but it was of no avail. The ice around the ship was thick and solid. The wooden timbers of the Endurance, unable to withstand the pressure from the ice, eventually gave up, and massive plates of ice crushed it. Shackleton ordered his members of the expedition to take shelter on the ice floes surrounding the ship. They were able to retrieve three lifeboats and as many provisions and supplies as they could from the ship wreckage before it sank. For the next six months, the floating ice became the crew's home. They were now isolated on the drifting pack ice with limited supplies. They were miles away from land, without any ship or mode of communication with the outside world. With food supplies dwindling, the...
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...Molly Howe Southern New Hampshire University Abstract This case study examines the Costa Concordia disaster in the context of organizational behavior. It will provide an analysis on the following issues: the breakdown of communication, to much group cohesion resulting in groupthink, lack of strong leadership, and the lack of good decision-making. These issues resulted in the accident and the unnecessary loss of life. This case study will also look at possible solutions for each of the issues. Keywords: communication, groupthink, leadership, and decision-making. The Costa Concordia Disaster On January 13, 2012, the Costa Concordia crashed off of Isola del Giglio, an island off the Tuscan coast. The Costa Concordia was a cruise ship part of Costa Crociere S.p.A, a subsidiary of Carnival Corp (Carnival Corp). The crash was a result of the deviation off the preplanned route (Del Valle, S. 2012). Captain Francesco Schettino is said to have traveled too close to the island hitting a granite reef that tore a hole in the side. What happened next was a disaster that resulted in 32 deaths (theguardian.com, 2013). Captain Schettino did not order an evacuation, or fully inform the authorities of the dire situation on board until an hour after the crash. The passengers aboard had not yet completed the safety drills on board and the crew on board seemed to lack the correct leadership in a disaster situation to properly assist passengers on board resulting greater loss of life (Del...
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...Entrepreneurial Leadership Wade D. Anderson Professor Dr. Gary Shelton BUS 508 July 16, 2011 Discuss the common elements described in the theories/ philosophies of Case, Kouzes, and Drucker including how their principles/ strategies relate to the new definition of entrepreneur leadership presented in Understanding Entrepreneurial Leadership. The common elements described in the theories/philosophies of Case, Kouzes, and Drucker are vision, adaptability, and creativity. The new definition of Entrepreneurial Leadership is one of an enterprising, transformational leader who operates in a dynamic market that offers lucrative opportunities (Tarabishy, Fernald, Solomon, 2010). Case, Kouzes, and Drucker theories share some commonality with the new definition of entrepreneurial leadership. The common elements shared Case, Kouzes, and Drucker and the new definition of entrepreneurial leadership is that entrepreneurial leaders must have a clear vision of a need to meet, create opportunities, and adapt to the ever changing environment. The vision for a entrepreneur is an a ideal of how to make their business a success. Usually something that will make the lives or people easier or meet a need of people that has not been met. Once the entrepreneur has this ideal they must then pursue it passionately to no end. For example “the two young engineers who started the Apple computer-in the proverbial garage and without financial backers or previous business experience-aimed from the beginning...
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...Professional and Staff Development FSPSD200 Leadership Theory Simplified Allisen Penn Assistant Professor Leadership Development “Pop leadership” philosophy abounds in our culture today. Book stores have shelves full of books on leader ship. Leaders and leadership are discussed daily on tele vision, radio, newspapers, magazines and on the web. As a result, many mixed messages about leadership are expressed. So – how do you decide what is accurate? Read the inside cover of a leadership book and you may find that the book is more about manage ment and business than leadership. A magazine or newspaper may just express the opinion of a famous person about leadership. While the perspective of a well-known leader or the insight offered in a book may be valuable, you may want to ask – is this information supported by research? An understanding of the existing leadership research may help you shape your own opinion about what is good leadership. Once you determine what is good leader ship, you can begin to develop your own leadership approach. Write your definition of leadership: A commonly accepted definition of leadership is a process used by an individual to influence a group of members toward a common goal (Bass, 1990; Howell and Costley, 2001). Maxwell (1993) simply states that leadership is influence. The following overview of leadership theories is intended to provide a synopsis of some of the research conducted on leadership in the last 50 years. There is...
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...kenyatta university Introduction to business and management Prof.Alex selel 2006 Undergraduate study in Economics, Management,Finance and the Social Sciences This is an extract from a subject guide for an undergraduate course offered as part of the kenyatta university International Programmes in Economics, Management, Finance and the Social Sciences. Materials for these programmes are developed by academics at the kenyatta university School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). ContentsIntroduction1Aims of the course2 Learning outcomes2 Reading and learning resources2 Online study resources6 Developing a glossary7 Hours of study and using this subject guide8 The structure of this course10 Examination advice.11 Section 1: The development of business and management13Chapter 1: Concepts, definitions and origins15Aims of the chapter15 Learning outcomes15 Essential reading15 Further reading16 Beginning your study16 The importance of key concepts16 A closer look at business and organisations17 A closer look at management19 The evolution of business and management studies21 Chapter review25 A reminder of your learning outcomes26 Sample examination questions26 Advice on answering a question26 Chapter 2: Understanding the business organisation – a multidisciplinary approach29Aims of the chapter29 Learning outcomes29 Essential reading29 Further reading30 Introduction30 A multidisciplinary view of business and management30 Sociological perspectives31...
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...Leadership Style P. Lynne Prather LDR/531 Novemeber 30, 2015 Donna Perkett Leadership Style On January 20th, 1981 Ronald Reagan took the oath of office for president of the United States, and at the time our nation was facing serious problems. We were crippled with high unemployment, major energy shortages, interest rates were over 21 percent and we were in the greatest economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. Our military capability was in a shameful state due to the Vietnam War, our military planes needed parts, our ships were in need of trained crews and the army tanks were in need of fuel and ammunition. Many people questioned whether Americans still had faith in our country and the foundations that created this great nation. This was the country that Ronald Reagan inherited. When Reagan left office eight years later, he had revitalized the economy, our military capabilities had been rebuilt, our position of world leadership had been restored and the spirit of the American people was revived. Reagan Leadership Style Along with several other exceptional presidents Reagan was definitely what would be considered a charismatic leader. A charismatic leader is someone who has attributes of heroic or extraordinary leadership abilities. Reagan had a concept of America’s potential and what needed to be accomplished. While serving as the California governor Reagan had managed to balance the state’s budget. Reagan applied the same theory and study to develop...
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...Chattanooga Case Study Jack Welch Management Institute Dr. Tocci JWMI 510: Leadership in the 21st Century 11/16/2014 Executive Summary The Chattanooga Ice Cream Division (CIC), one of the largest regional manufacturers of ice cream in the U.S., currently faced a major dilemma that could potentially impact the viability of the long-standing company. The division’s President and General Manager, Charles Moore, just received news from their third largest customer that they were switching to another competitor brand and therefore terminating their contract with CIC for at least two years. The customer revealed that their decision was based on variety of factors, but it was no secret that CIC had fallen behind their competition. Ice Cream consumption in general was on a steady decline and CIC found itself to be a dinosaur of brands amongst new premium and super premium brands who manufactured innovative mix-in flavored ice cream varieties, and healthier frozen yogurt options. CIC, with its production of mid-priced, basic ice cream flavors was losing its popularity. Moore calls an emergency meeting with his department leads. With just 90 days until the loss of their major client, Moore seeks the input and expertise of his top executives. To his dismay, this fragmented group of individuals engages in public conflict during the meeting and no census is reached on how the company will counter-act the loss of revenue of their third largest client. With little time to lose, Moore has...
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