...Transformational leadership and emotional intelligence: a potential pathway for an increased understanding of interpersonal influence F. WILLIAM BROWN* AND DAN MOSHAVI College of Business, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, U.S.A. Summary Non-cognitive emotional intelligence could potentially contribute to a more holistic understanding of interpersonal influence and leadership; however, significant issues of definition, psychometric independence, and measurement must be conclusively resolved. Possible relationships between emotional intelligence, transformational leadership, and individual/organizational outcomes are described and further investigation is encouraged. Copyright # 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Introduction Of all the issues integral to organizational behavior, few, if any, concepts have been the object of as much conjecture, study, and consideration as have leadership and social influence. An understanding of the capacity to influence others has captured the attention of practitioners, academics, and social commentators throughout history. During the 20th century, progress toward a more complete understanding of influence and leadership was characterized by alternating cycles of excitement and despair. As the mid-20th century approached, the notion that innate qualities shaped personality and behavior continued to be well accepted and supported. Despite this, there was a desire for more complete descriptions of the complexity of leadership, for a less deterministic...
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...le , yet profitable business need a specialised portfolio of skills and qualities . Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility are important issues for organisations in the 21st century. Organisational leaders must have forward thinking plans and visions for sustaining the planet within which they operate as well as social responsibility towards its people through an emotionally laden process. Emotional Intelligence (EI) has shown an impressive track record in efficiency and superior performance of leaders in organisations that have adapted environmental, social and economic sustainability strategies. Goleman (1998) identified a EI competence framework that outlines a portfolio of skills that forward thinking leaders have. The key finding is that transformation takes place more constructively when emotional intelligence is used . Further , Emotional Intelligence have been identified as a key skill in building teams and channeling team efforts towards sustainability . This paper will argue that Emotional Intelligence (EI) is the key skill that leaders need for the sustainability of our natural and socioeconomic environments. Background Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility are important issues for organisations in the 21st century. The degradation of our environment through population growth, overconsumption and waste...
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...constitute a set of learned, interpersonal abilities that allow leaders to become highly | |effective. The authors outline the characteristics of emotional intelligence and offer practical ways for readers to integrate its| |techniques into their leadership style. | |Knowing others and knowing oneself, in one hundred battles no danger. Not knowing the other and knowing oneself, one victory for | |one loss. Not knowing the other and not knowing oneself, in every battle certain defeat. | |- Sun Tzu, The Art of War | This article explores the emerging field of emotional intelligence (EI). It discusses what it is, why it matters in general terms, how individuals can improve their EI, and what impact it has on the effectiveness of US Air Force leaders. Specifically, EI is powerful because it overrides logic in the brain due to the way people are wired. Unlike natural intelligence, usually labeled IQ, EI can be developed. Studies have shown that highly productive team leaders have high EI. That is why Air Force leaders at all levels should know about this emerging field. As will become apparent,...
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...Relevant Literature This section reviews recent literature about Emotional Intelligence and the theories that connect certain emotional aspects, personality traits, behaviours and preferences with leadership styles and leadership effectiveness. Recent literature Emotional Intelligence (EI) is a term that was created by Salavoy and Mayer and was defined as: “a type of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor one's own and others' emotions, to discriminate among them, and to use the information to guide one's thinking and actions” (1993, 433). This concept was further developed by Daniel Goleman (1998) who describes EI as a set of social and emotional competencies associated with performance, health and success. Goleman’s biggest contribution is a model known as “Competency based” which comprises affective abilities and cognitive skills that are distinct from abilities measured by traditional IQ tests. This EI competencies are: self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and social-relationship management. (Goleman 1998) Norwack (2012) refers to a newer-generation approach called “Trait based” model (TEI) which is a result of a mix of previous models: Personality based, Competency based and Mental ability. This model enumerates four aspects of EI: sociability, self-control, well-being and emotionality. Petrides- Perez Gonzalez-Furnham (citied by Smith et al. 2013) express their agreement with TEI model saying that self-perception of own emotions...
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...Emotional Intelligence Leadership Success. Seth Ramachandiran Theoretical Paper submitted for the OB Class. Abstract: The theoretical paper defines and analyses the impacts of the Emotional Intelligence on leadership and success. Emotional intelligence, Leadership and success are very subjective terms and can be interpreted in various ways.. Hence an attempt is made to define them and set the boundaries of the analysis. Firstly the foundations of emotional intelligence are established and boundaries of it is defined. The scope of leadership and success is defined in the organisations in OECD countries. Couple of examples from India and China is added to differentiate how diverse the leadership and success in these countries compared to US corporations. The leadership excludes the political leadership as such and ability to win votes even though the shared vision, hope (President Obama’s Hope) and mass communication is as much an application of EI as any corporate leaders. Some of the practical aspect of the EI is added in this article to make it more direct and meaningful to practical organisational life. The applications of Intentional Change Theory, shared visions are discussed as useful tool. At an individual level the Positive Emotional Attractor and Negative Emotional Attractor are established. Scientific basis of EI measurement and the research from neurological study is presented to complete the analysis. How the meditation, mindfulness and Yoga fit into...
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...Journal of Leadership Education Volume 11, Issue 1 – Winter 2012 Emotionally Intelligent Leadership: An Integrative, Process-Oriented Theory of Student Leadership Scott J. Allen, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Management Department of Management, Marketing and Logistics John Carroll University University Heights, OH sallen@jcu.edu Marcy Levy Shankman, Ph.D. Principal MLS Consulting, LLC Shaker Heights, OH shankman@mlsconsulting.net Rosanna F. Miguel, Ph.D. Visiting Assistant Professor of Management Department of Management, Marketing and Logistics John Carroll University University Heights, OH rmiguel@jcu.edu Abstract Emotionally intelligent leadership (EIL) theory combines relevant models, theories, and research in the areas of emotional intelligence (EI) and leadership. With an intentional focus on context, self and others, emotionally intelligent leaders facilitate the attainment of desired outcomes. The 21 capacities described by the theory equip individuals with the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics to achieve desired results. The purpose of this article is to propose an integrative, process-oriented EIL theory to provide a framework for conceptualizing and integrating future research and practice. The authors review and organize research and theory in emotional intelligence and leadership within the context of higher education, introduce the EIL model, and provide suggestions for future research. The article concludes with practical implications...
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...is completely internal – it is a person’s ability to understand his own emotions and recognize the emotions of others. Therefore, EQ can be thought of as preceding Behavioral Intelligence. It might be helpful to practice EQ, but it is difficult to observe. II. Leadership Effectiveness and Emotional Intelligence: People have theorized that EI contributes to people’s capacity to work effectively in teams, manage stress, and/or lead others (Ashkanasy & Trevor-Roberts, 2000; Mayer, Salovey, & Caruso, 2004; George, 2000; Goleman, 1998; Goleman, Boyatzis, & Mckee, 2002; Prati, Douglas, Ferris, Ammeter, & Buckley, 2003). For example, leaders who are poor at perceiving their emotions may unknowingly miss important emotional signals from their co-workers. Similarly, leaders who are poor at managing emotions may allow their emotions to interfere with effective action. For instance, when they feel anxious, they may avoid giving an important speech, or when they feel angry, they may inappropriately lash out at a co-worker. The transformational/transactional leadership model of Bass and Avolio (1990) has provided the general framework for most of the research on emotional intelligence and leadership effectiveness (see for example, Barling, Slater & Kelloway, 2000; Palmer, Walls, Burgess & Stough, 2001; Gardner & Stough, 2002). Transformational leaders are seen as those people that are able to create a vision, communicate this vision, build commitment...
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...intelligence of staff, and why is this a worthwhile aim? One of the most aims that companies and managers have to deal with more often than before is the emotional intelligence (EI) of their staff. This is considered an important target for supervisors because increasing the EI of an employee by coaching can help a person demonstrate an wise use of their emotions in managing him/herself and working with others to be competent at work (Boyatzis, Goleman & Rhee 2000). EI brings specific advantages such as enhanced relationships; insight skills; respect from other; manage change more positively; feeling confident, positive and at peace with yourself; expanded creativity; and learning from mistakes (McBride & Maitland 2002). According to Ryback (1998) there are several steps that can guide a manager to increase the EI of their employees as well as focus on existing problems, give teams training in EI and build communications with upper management. Leadership competence in EI is important because it permits us to recognize and use the key leadership aptitudes to lead others, influence others cautiously and indicate commitment (McBride & Maitland 2002). And that’s what managers have to do to increase the emotional intelligence of their staff. According to Zeidner, Matthews & Roberts (2009), leadership means choosing organizational goals, planning and organizing work activities in order to reach group objectives, motivating others to settle the aims, maintaining cooperative...
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...in crisis, it needs a resolute and bold leadership to recognise, isolate and deal with the crisis (Topping, 2002). Leadership now needs very distinct behavior from the leadership custom we are used to. It needs managers who can talk to the collective fantasy of their persons, co-opt them to become involved a business trip. It furthermore needs assuring motivators that origin persons to make the additional effort full commitment. It's all about human behavior and comprehending how persons and the First National Bank proceed, conceiving connections, construction firm promise, adaptation of behavior to convey in a creative and inspiring way (KetsDeVries, 2001). In latest years, the transformation that researchers accept as factual lead to achievement in the learning process. Organizational behavior has altered aim and buys more vigilance to how persons believe and seem in the First National Bank. Something called "emotional intelligence" is the major theme of concern at present as the sole significance of good intelligence "IQ" is not as broadly recognized. Emotional Intelligence easily a set of competencies that permit us to see, realise and regulate strong sentiments in us and in others. The concept of emotional intelligence, or occasionally mentioned to as "EI" is absolutely crucial in today's society, where the interaction inside the workplace are progressively important. All the items that pursue address the key matters of relevance EI in the First National Bank. According...
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...To change the way of health care system, a leader must have not only a high QI, but the emotional intelligence (EI) will serve the leader to stand when the storm will occur. To succeed and cement a career, the leader must be the ownership of the EI (Richard, 2007). The leaders who adopt the EI has the ability to control their moods, encourage others to remain focus. The emotional leaders have great heart to captivate the mind of others, the integrity to tell the truth, the work of a leader will give tools to take positive actions and achieve the right things. This paper will describe how the emotional intelligence level can either enhance or hinder effective leadership in the healthcare environment. A recent study prove that a leader who has a high degree of emotional intelligence is an indicator of tomorrow success than IQ (Dess, 2008). The survival of an organization depends on EI, and emotional intelligence facilitate the promotion of the employees. The emotional intelligence of workers are able to perform tasks under pressure and able to create value. You can have a mountain of ideas and excellent training but the EI will make you a great leader (Dess, 008). The leaders must have the ability to manage self and aware about how their moods, and how they affect other people. To lead others, it is essential to know how to manage yourself. The health leader must have the self-regulation, know your impulsions and able to control them. Having motivation and this...
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...Over the past five weeks, learning about leadership in a diverse society has given me clarity of the tools I need to become a more effective leader. In the short few weeks we focused on self-assessing leadership theories, management, time management, personality traits, conflict handling style, and emotional intelligence according to my type of leadership. Self-assessing each of these components has given me the proper tools to improve my leadership and I am intrigued about what I found out about myself on this journey to enhance my leadership skills. Discovering the tools needed from a combination of leadership theories management, time management, understanding my personality traits, understanding conflict handling styles, the importance of the emotional intelligence, using the instructor’s recommendations, and understanding the role of nurse informatics and its technology in healthcare has helped me better understand my leaderships strengths and how to repair my weaknesses. I have learned many different things about leadership, management, and time management. According to a 2014 article by MSc Nizar Said defines time management as, “The ability of a person to use the time function to accomplish the tasks in the exact timing” (Said, 2014). It is important to acquire effective time management skills to use time efficiently. This same article states, “Time management is recognized as an important component of work performance and professional nursing practice, as well as help...
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...own style of leadership, skills and potential using emotional intelligence as guide of future success. Emotional Intelligence is a trait that is demonstrated by successful leader. Daniel Goleman believes is twice as important as IQ in predicting career success. (Richards, 2007). Effective leader are those that understand who they are and are able to control themselves under different circumstances. They are self-motivating and people are drawn to them. Emotionally intelligent leaders are able to motivate themselves and as well as others. They can regulate their moods so that distress does not overwhelm their ability to think. (Richards, 2007) Jan Richards noted PHD stated "Great leaders often display simple virtues like generosity of spirit, giving others the gift of their presence. They also seem to have the kind of clarity of mind that gets to the heart of the matter, the honesty and integrity to say what they know to be true, together with the compassion to do no harm. They have a basic human wisdom in dealing with countless situations. When we leave them, we feel inspired, empowered, and enabled to take effective action" (Richards, 2007) Emotional Intelligence is trait that is evident in successful leaders This essay will describe Emotion Intelligence as part of a Strategic Management concept and present a plan for implementing, training, and why it is important to incorporate EI into your organization corporate strategy. Emotional Intelligence (EI) is important...
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...Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Capacity ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Emotional Intelligence Strategic Management: Research Paper In this dynamic and ever changing global economy, successful leaders will have to facilitate others to develop their own style of leadership, skills and potential using emotional intelligence as guide of future success. Emotional Intelligence is a trait that is demonstrated by successful leader. Daniel Goleman believes is twice as important as IQ in predicting career success. (Richards, 2007). Effective leader are those that understand who they are and are able to control themselves under different circumstances. They are self-motivating and people are drawn to them. Emotionally intelligent leaders are able to motivate themselves and as well as others. They can regulate their moods so that distress does not overwhelm their ability to think. (Richards, 2007) Jan Richards noted PHD stated "Great leaders often display simple virtues like generosity of spirit, giving others the gift of their presence. They also seem to have the kind of clarity of mind that gets to the heart of the matter, the honesty and integrity to say what they know to be true, together with the compassion to do no harm. They have a basic human wisdom in dealing with countless situations. When we leave them, we feel inspired, empowered, and enabled...
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...EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE- DEFINITION Emotional intelligence (EI) describes the ability, capacity to identify, assess, and control the emotions of one's self, of others, and of groups. In other words, it is the ability to perceive, control and evaluate emotions of self or others Emotional intelligence is about how we manage our actions with both others and ourselves as a result of the emotions we feel. Peter Salovey and John D. Mayer -“the subset of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor one's own and others' feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide one's thinking and actions” (1990) Four factors of EI 1. the perception of emotion 2. the ability reason using emotions 3. the ability to understand emotion 4. the ability to manage emotions IMPORTANCE OF EI : Emotions play a significant role in the way people work with one another and therefore affects profits. An individual with high EQ reacts after both feeling an emotion and thinking about an event. Others with less developed skills would often react only after feeling the emotion without much thinking. Extremely smart people can have low emotional skills while others who are not so gifted in standard IQ can exhibit relatively high emotional skills. Emotions affect how one behaves with oneself as well as with other people, especially during conflicts. This is why management of our emotions has become especially important.IQ is a given...
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...preference, emotional intelligence and leadership effectiveness Tessie H HERBST Centre for Continuing Professional Development Tshwane University of Technology South Africa kobus G MAREE Faculty of Education University of Pretoria South Africa Correspondence to: Tessie H Herbst e-mail: herbstt@tut.ac.za ABSTRACT In this study, the researchers investigate the relationship between thinking style preference, emotional intelligence and leadership effectiveness in an institution of higher education. The measuring instruments used were the Neethling Brain Preference Profile (NBPP) and the Mayer, Salovey and Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT), as well as the Kouzes and Posner Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI). The sample comprised 138 managers within a higher education institution. The researchers found some evidence to support the relationship between thinking style, emotional intelligence (EI) and leadership effectiveness. The researchers concluded that facets of brain dominance and emotional intelligence may be potentially useful predictors of transformational leadership behaviours. Keywords: thinking style, emotional intelligence, transformational leadership, brain dominance, brain hemisphericity SA Journal of Industrial Psychology Leadership is a complex and diverse field of study. The difference between leaders and non-leaders remains a source of disagreement and controversy in the leadership domain (Herbst, Maree & Sibanda, 2006)...
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