...Spectrum: Which Environments are Least Restrictive? With Autism on the uprising in society we have to become more inclusive in our academic environments in order to allow these individuals with Autism to have the opportunity to grow and develop in their social, emotional, physical, intellectual and behavioural aspects of their lives. Although it would be beneficial to become more inclusive in all-academic environments there may be many challenges that inclusion can create in these individuals lives. The benefits and challenges of full inclusion for youth on the ASD spectrum is the main topic of this paper and which environments are the least restrictive to the inclusion of...
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...on Autism Wilfredo Garcia Table of Contents Abstract 3 Autism 4 Videogames and young people with Developmental disorders 10 Funding of Applied Behavior Analysis 11 Executive function in individuals with sub threshold Autism traits 12 Conclusion 14 References 15 Abstract The increasing number of individuals with Learning Disabilities (LD) and psychiatric disorders presents a key challenge to their assessment and treatment in mental health services. Children and young people with LD are more likely to experience mental health than the general population (Allington-Smith, 2006). There is a close relationship between autism spectrum disorder and learning disability. Epidemiological studies suggest that autism is more frequent in people with LD, nearly 40% of people with LD also have autism on the other hand, and nearly 70% of people with autism also have LD (La Mafa, 2004). The strong association between autism and LD (Bradley, 2004) also associates an increased risk of mental health problems. It is suggested that adults with LD and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may experience symptoms of anxiety at a greater level than the general population; however, this requires more conclusive evidence in relation to the prevalence of anxiety disorders in adults with LD and autism. Autism ...
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...Autism Is More than Just a Disability Having learning disabilities does not make any reason to think that these people can’t learn, or are mentally slow. Persons with learning disabilities are different and they might learn different. With support either from parents, doctors, friends, and teachers, learning disabilities can be less treated. The important about someone with learning difficulties is to let them know they are not alone. Also help them and make them understand that not everyone learns the same way and that it’s okay to be different. These kids or people with disabilities need the same or even more support from doctors and families. They should never feel that they are alone in their situations. Some need more help than others,...
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...Autism spectrum Disorder The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) defines autism or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as a disorder that interferes with an individual’s ability to understand what is seen, heard, and/or touched. This can cause tremendous problems in personal behavior and in the ability to relate and communicate with others. A person with autism has to be taught to communicate normally and how to have relationships with people, objects and events in their lives. However, not all individuals suffer to the same degree of impairment. There is a whole area of different symptoms that individuals can suffer from, which can range from mild symptoms to severe. “Autism occurs in as many as one or two per 1,000 children (Sternberg 2003). It affects all ages, and approximately one child in 160 or so may develop autism. It is four times more common in males than females” (NINDS). Parents with Autistic kids ought to know that some kids can grow up live on their own, do their own things and have a normal life. Children with autism generally have problems in three essential areas of development. These are social interaction, language and behavior. But because autism symptoms and severity vary greatly, two children with the same diagnosis may act quite differently and have strikingly different skills. (Kalderimis 6). Children with severe autism have marked impairments or a complete inability to communicate or interact with other people in some cases...
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...Autism: It’s Time to Listen 1 Autism: It’s Time to Listen. Kelly Fitzpatrick Intro to Psychology Professor Carter 07, 2012 This paper is submitted in partial fulfillment of the Associate of Science Degree in the Medical Assisting Program at Southern Technical College Autism 2 Abstract This paper will discuss what Autism is, when it is usually diagnosed and what behaviors are usually displayed by those on the spectrum. This paper will also provide information about some possible causes of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) as well as some facts about ASD. This paper will talk about treatments and resources available to individuals diagnosed with ASD and to their families. Autism 3 Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autism are equally common terms for a group of complex disorders of brain development. ASD and Autism are characteristic of, in fluctuating degrees, difficulty in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviors (Autism Speaks, 2012). Autism can be connected to intellectual disabilities, problems with motor skills development, attention deficits, sleep issues, and gastrointestinal disorders (Autism Speaks, 2012). Autism is believed to originate in early brain development. While this is believed to be true most signs of Autism do not surface until the child is 2 to 3 years old. Other than the characteristics mentioned already ASD or Autism symptoms may include difficulty...
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...Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001 Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001 (c. 10), also known as SENDA, is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It is intended as an adjunct to the Disability Discrimination Act 1995, which legislated to prevent the unfair treatment of individuals, in the provision of goods and services, unless justification could be proved. This legislation was deemed necessary as the previous Act did not encompass educational organisations. This was further replaced by the Disability Discrimination Act 2005. The act required schools, colleges, universities, adult education providers, statutory youth services and local education authorities to make 'reasonable provisions' to ensure people with disabilities or special needs were provided with the same opportunities as those who were not disabled. The Act stated that discrimination occurred when the educational establishment/body either fails to make reasonable adjustments to accommodate individuals with special needs or a disability, or when they give them less favourable treatment. Disabilities A disability is an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions. Impairment is a problem in body function or structure; an activity limitation is a difficulty encountered by an individual in executing a task or action; while a participation restriction is a problem experienced by an individual in involvement in life situations. Thus disability...
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...Autism HCA 240 Cherie Bryant November 20th 2014 Mental illness is described as not being able to cope or manage life in an everyday situation. Autism, being one of many mental illnesses, is found in all racial and economic backgrounds. Autism happens in early childhood and is usually diagnosed around 18 months of age but can start any time before three years of age. Autism causes delays in development such as learning and interactions with others. “One in an estimated 110 children gets diagnosed with this Autism disease.” This is a disease in which currently there is no cure. Autism used to be blamed on bad parenting skills. The signs, symptoms and effects on autism can vary based on each child. Doctors and experts cannot agree on how to treat autism. Early intervention is key in making a difference with Autism. Like previously stated, this is a disease that causes delays in development such as learning to play and interact with others. There are a few red flags a person might look for before beginning an actual diagnosis. With younger children, a few of these may be avoiding eye contact or wanting to play alone. Delayed speech or language skills, can be another sign, especially not responding to their name by 12 months of age. Signs and symptoms can be mild or severe based on the child. Most symptoms are short attention span, temper tantrums, unusual eating and sleeping habits, and lack of fear. “Around forty percent of people with autism never speak...
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...An Extraordinary Specialty Explaining Autism Autism spectrum disorder is a very confusing and interesting disorder. Autism is a neurological disorder that affects behavioral, social, and communicational skills, and it is the most common developmental disorder (Yellow). The child may have trouble with communicational situations where they feel uncomfortable. Social would include any type of social situation whether it be walking through Walmart or in a small room. Behavioral issues can stem from specifically how the child behaves in general to how the child behaves when they are agitated or annoyed. It affects people of all different ages, is a lifelong disorder, and is currently incurable (Turquoise). Although the disorder has the name autism...
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...Autism is a brain development disorder that is defined by restricted and repetitive behavior, and by impaired social interaction and communication. Autism is a complicated disease having many signs and symptoms, myths, misconceptions, and different diagnoses and treatments. The environment of an autistic patient plays an important role in the treatment or therapy because it can help or impair the effectiveness of the treatment. The severity of signs and symptoms vary between individuals who suffer from autism, but there are some core signs and symptoms that all autistic people share in the areas of social interactions and relationships, a lack of interests in play and activities and nonverbal and verbal communications. Some of these signs and symptoms include gazing, certain facial expressions and posturing, failure to establish friendship, lack of interest in sharing enjoyment, interests, empathy, delay or lack of learning to talk, repetitiveness, preoccupation with certain things, need for the same routines, rocking, hand flapping, or banging of the head. Signs and symptoms of autism are almost always noticed by parents first during their child's first three years. Parents often become aware that something is wrong with their child when the child does not seem to be interested in playing certain games or being held, when their child's hearing abilities change, and when the child does not begin to talk or suddenly loses his or her ability to talk. The word autism goes...
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...disability which affects how an individual communicates and relates to, other people. The understanding of autism has greatly improved since the 1940s when it was identified and one thing that we are aware of is that there is no cure however, there are many things that can be done to support people with autism. There are a large number of symptoms that are in relation to autism, such as a delay in speech development, not responding when their name is called and despite being able to hear, being intolerant of others entering their personal space. In addition to these, there are behavioural symptoms such as insisting on a familiar routine and becoming very anxious or upset if this is disrupted or changed, they will sometime talk at people rather than having a two-way conversation and a failure to understand or implement social rules. Another social and communication disorder is Asperger syndrome, this is characterised by the following; the individual may have...
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...Abstract Autism is defined as; “a variable developmental disorder that appears by age three and is characterized by impairment of the ability to form normal social relationships, by impairment of the ability to communicate with others, and by stereotyped behavior patterns”. (Webster) “According to the Centers for Disease Control, autism affects as many as 1 in every 110 children in the United States”. Overall, we are looking at an estimated 1.5 million Americans who are affected with this disorder. By implementing a computer device that will assist in the learning capability of individuals with autism or individuals in general will be a success learning of one’s self. Organization and Product US Autism and Asperger Association (USAAA) is a non-profit organization that was developed in 1994. USAAA focuses on individuals with autism and asperger to provide the opportunity to educate, support, and solutions. “Our goal is to provide the opportunity for individuals with autism spectrum disorders to achieve their fullest potential (USAAA, 2011)”. USAAA is dedicated to: ← Providing immediate solutions through expert guidance and compassionate support. ← Consolidating the overwhelming amount of information and resources to simplify the lives of all associated with autism. ← Individualizing education on treatments and services for the diverse population of those affected. ← Providing networking opportunities for parents, professionals...
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...Teaching and Learning Issues with a Cognitive Context Vansago Holt ESE 370: Dr Andrea Felch September 28, 2014 Ashford University Teaching and learning Issues It is clearly documented that when it comes to learning the brain plays the most important role. Yes there are other important factors to consider also but they all lead back to the brain. “The brain has been compared to a telephone switchboard” (Jensen, 2008, pg 2), this just goes to show that every action performed is linked to the brain. If every action has something to do with the brain then it is safe to say that every malfunction also is connected to the brain. This malfunction may be anything from a chemical imbalance to the environment that we live in. Considering that there are so many factors that play a role in how our brain works numerous studies have been done to try to provide a balance to enable learning to take place. From these studies strategies can be put in place to aid or assist those with issues that would prevent or not enable them to be successful learners. Two groups that I will try to cover are those that come from a background of poverty, homelessness, hunger and those with autism/ADHD. The grade level that I will focus on is K-5. Reason is to me this is the best time to stat helping by using strategies and teaching coping skills. Poverty, Homelessness and Hunger Sad as it may seem with all the help out there poverty, homelessness and hunger is still a major cause for concern...
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...ELSE 6183 Teaching Students w/ASD Name: Melissa Garner 10/29/15 Directions During week 2, submit a brief explanation of your Autism Spectrum Disorder research topic. This is the first major step in the process of conducting relevant research to guide practice. The topic should address a strategy, method, or intervention that has been researched and proven effective for teaching students diagnosed w/ASD. This topic should be of personal interest and prove beneficial to all SpEd and Gen-Ed Teachers. Once you have decided on an area of interest, it is time to narrow your topic into a thesis statement. This thesis narrows the focus of your paper and presents an arguable assertion or hypothesis. For the Research Plan Assessment respond to the following: I. Identifying and Limiting the Research Topic: What instructional/teaching method of ASD are you interested in? The instructional intervention I am interested in is Discrete Trial Training, or DTT, and how it is effectively used to educate students diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders. It is helpful to understand the context of your problem. What problem do you see in your school, classroom, and/or educational context? What do you want to research? I am researching the applied behavior analysis procedure called Discrete Trial Training intervention and its effectiveness on...
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...Just imagine your child was diagnosed of having autism. The realization of your child perhaps being autistic may be lurid. You now know that your child will be found with many challenges, and may have a severe difficulty making sense of the world. Autism is an illness that can affect your communication, socialization, intelligence, and you may act in many unusual behaviors. To try to help an autistic child is being very courageous. Having a child will who is autistic will be a struggle throughout both of your lives. Autism can be described in many ways. Autism medically, is a neurological disorder, which can affect the brain from trying to properly function normally. Autism is always a childhood disorder. It is where a child is in his own world. This may be very difficult for the average person to understand. Autistic children will have a problem demonstrating many special skills like socializing, communicating, and using their sensory system. Some call autism an information processing disorder. Autism should be known that it is not a disorder that a child can catch or create. It is a neurological brain disorder that is inborn. The child will differ in many ways of a normal average person. The major issue that devastates parents is that the child will most likely not be able to make sense of the world. I think what a mother once, said is an example of how difficult this disorder can be, for the child and the parent. She said “ we start with an image-a tiny, golden child on...
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...diagnosis There is now 'a high degree of consensus on the diagnostic criteria for autism and consistency in the evidence on the validation of autism as a diagnostic category.' (Rutter, 1996, p. 257). Kanner (1943) first identified a condition in eleven cases that he felt had sufficient in common, and were sufficiently different from other conditions, to merit a separate syndrome. He referred to this disorder as a disorder of affective contact and identified criteria in terms of interpersonal development, communication and imagination deficits that have largely stood the test of time. Wing and Gould (1979) established the fact that the condition often cooccurred with learning difficulties. The two major diagnostic systems now have common criteria for a diagnosis of autism based on a triad of impairments in social interaction, communication and a lack of flexibility in thinking and behaviour (DSM IV: American Psychiatric Association, 1994; ICD 10: World Health Organisation, 1992). This same triad of impairments underpins other autistic like conditions said to form 'autistic spectrum disorders' (Wing, 1996) or 'pervasive developmental disorders'. The spectrum may contain a number of different medical conditions with different diagnostic criteria, but sharing those common developmental difficulties. 2.2 Asperger syndrome Asperger, in 1944, first wrote about children having characteristics similar to those identified by Kanner, but with at least...
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