...teacher, teaching Jeremy to clean up his toys after playing with them is getting difficult. I wish he would automatically clean his toys when play time is over. Since the beginning of the school year this has been happening, I assume it happened at home before school started as well. The kid will get all of his toys out and play for about 30 minutes each time that's when the children will pull out their toys from labeled cabinets. After I say play time is over and they all walk back to their desk and he will leave the toys all over the floor. I know of operant conditioning, where there is a relationship between the behaviors and consequences. Maybe if I use punishments to decrease their behavior; if he doesn't clean up, and reinforcements to continue the behavior; if he does clean his toys, the child will learn faster. I also considered classical conditioning at first, but that...
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...Learning Saundra Moskoff Psych 550 October 29, 2012 Ming Zheng, Ph.D. Learning The acquirement of information resulting in openly discernable and reasonably stable behavioral changes defines how people acquire knowledge (Terry, 2009). People learn during every stage of life. Toddlers who burn their hands after unintentionally touching a hot stove learn they should not touch a hot stove. Because she wanted to look cute in a short skirt, despite the cold temperature, teenage girls learn they need to don more clothing in cold weather, and adults learn how their behavior, such as using profanity, offends others. Concept of learning The concept of learning remains a longstanding debate in psychology. Disciplines, such as the social, cognitive, and developmental psychologies offer several theories suggesting regarding what, when, why, and how people acquire knowledge. What According to University of Wisconsin Stevens Point (2005), learning involves four kinds of information attainment, transmission, acquisition, accretion, and emergence. Transmission refers to the conveying of information from one to another through display, direction, or instruction, such as traditional education. Acquisition involves research conducted by the learner, such as experiments and general curiosity. Accretion involves the steady achievement of knowledge, such as habits, language, culture, and civil behavior. Emergence refers to the formation of ideas rooted in amalgamation...
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...Learning Theory is the work of Russian scientist Ivan Pavlov. It is he who discovered the principles on how human and animals learn. Learning is defined as a permanent change in behavior that is brought about by experience. There are two kinds of learning or conditioning: Classical conditioning is one of many different types of learning. One instance would be when a person learns to relate a signal with a meaning on how the two are presented. An example of classic conditioning is a small child’s ability to hear the sound of say eight chimes on a grandfather clock and know its eight o’clock, time to leave for school. Habituation is exactly that, habitual (habit forming). For instance, if a small child is exposed to a certain food repeatedly, at first he may be interested, like it, and want it a lot. However, after a number of times, the child may grow weary of the same thing over and over (as many adults would). Operant conditioning is reinforcement in learning. Because most behavior is learned according to the main beliefs of conditioning, the learning theory can be used to help people figure out how to change. It applies the theory of reinforcement. For instance, positive reinforcement occurs when an employee shows up at work in exchange for a paycheck. The paycheck is the persons reward for working. If the employee continues to do a good job, work well on his own and with others, the positive reinforcement could be a cash bonus. The same principles that are used to train...
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...The Power of Play Essay The book “Power of Play – Learning what comes naturally” is written by the author named David Elkind. David Elkind is a child psychologist and longtime Professor Emeritus in the Eliot-Pearson Department of Child Development at Tufts University. In this book, Elkind expresses his main concept of how children can develop in a healthy way by unscheduled, imaginative play. Besides that, he demonstrates that what sets the stage for learning is in the first place, not only play is essential for healthy development by using a large amount of researches and his personal experiences from his family and through practices. In the meantime, Elkind establishes the three issues of, changes in the personal benefits of toy play, the...
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...Toy Store Visit Simon Swipe Simon Swipe is a toy that represents memory. This fast action game has increasing pattern combinations of colors, lights, and sounds. You need to be able to remember, and repeat by swiping the right combinations. I see this game fitting into the three components of Long term memory. Episodic, where audio and visuals are used. Semantic, where solving and figuring order. Procedural, where knowing the step by step order. But, I also see it as staying in working memory. This is a game with many combinations and one player or multiplayer options. Remembering these patterns past the point of game play is highly unlikely. .Lego Creator- Tree House Lego Creator is a toy that represents constructivism. This three-in-one toy allows children to be hands on and build a different place of liking at their discretion. Lego Creator transforms from Tree house to a Lakeside hut and then to a two-floor barn. The experience and interaction with the toy allows children to see for themselves the reality of having a tree house, lakeside hut, or even a barn. Deluxe Get Better Check-Up Center (Disney) Deluxe Get Better Check-Up Center is a play center that represents social development. This toy is equipped with pretend elements such as x-ray, check-up table, and tools that, in the real world, would help a veterinarian with diagnosis. It comes with The Big Book of Boo Boos, where bandages are used to help heal the sick. This toy helps to structure social development...
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...Competency Goal 1 To establish and maintain a safe and healthy learning environment My goal is to establish and maintain a learning environment that is safe and healthy for children. This goal is important because children need a safe and healthy learning environment in order to get the best out of their experience at school. If they do not feel safe, or their families feel as if they are not safe, then they are in a non-suitable environment. A classroom should provide environments as safe as possible to reduce the inevitable situation of accidents Safety To meet my goal I will keep the playground as free from harmful objects and people as possible. I will also make sure that the classroom cleaning chemicals will be put out of children’s reach. I then will post fire drills and tornado drill directions clearly in the classroom and practice them frequently with the children. I will also provide a first aid kit readily available for adults to use and be knowledgeable of proper usage. On a regular basis I will check the toys in the classroom for broken objects and remove anything that poses a threat to the children and keep myself informed of any safety recalls or alerts on any toys or other equipment in the classroom. Healthy My goal is to have a classroom that encourages healthy practices to keep both the children and the teachers safe and free from disease as possible. Healthy children are always the best type of children. When they are...
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...Carmen Shragal Profesor Shaun Vecera Elementary Psychology Discussion Section 31 8 October 2014 The Terrible Two’s My beautiful niece and god-daughter, Lia, just turned two years old a couple of months ago. My family and I are already noticing some behaviors that are associated with the “terrible two’s”. Since Lia was born she has always had her fingers in her mouth to bite her nails. This habit constantly makes her sick because of all the germs she puts into her mouth from daycare and everyday activities. Also, Lia has another bad habit of playing with multiple types of toys and leaving them all over the house for others to trip on. With both of these bothersome and dangerous behaviors, Lia’s mom (my sister Emily), has been trying to teach Lia not to continue these bad habits. In order for Emily to really teach Lia to stop her bad habits she must appreciate operant conditioning. Operant Conditioning is how Lia will learn to differentiate between her behaviors and the consequences that Emily enforces. In some cases, Emily can also use classical conditioning to help Lia break her habits. Classical conditioning is when there is a neutral stimulus that causes an unconditioned stimulus which eventually translates into a conditioned response. The difference between operant conditioning and classical conditioning is that operant conditioning involves some type of reinforcement or punishment to a behavior whereas classical conditioning involves signals that produce automatic...
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...grounded in the research on how young children develop and learn and in what is known about effective early education. Its framework is designed to promote young children’s optimal learning and development. DAP involves teachers meeting young children where they are (by stage of development), both as individuals and as part of a group; and helping each child meet challenging and achievable learning goals. 3 CORE CONSIDERATIONS OF DAP • Knowing about child development and learning. Knowing what is typical at each age and stage of early development is crucial. This knowledge, based on research, helps us decide which experiences are best for children’s learning and development. • Knowing what is individually appropriate. What we learn about specific children helps us teach and care for each child as an individual. By continually observing children’s play and interaction with the physical environment and others, we learn about each child’s interests, abilities, and developmental progress. • Knowing what is culturally important. We must make an effort to get to know the children’s families and learn about the values, expectations, and factors that shape their lives at home and in their communities. This background information helps us provide meaningful, relevant, and respectful learning experiences for each child and family. Early Childhood Age-Group and Setting I would like to use as the focus for my entire Course Project the following age group: Young Toddlers...
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...Competency Goal 1 To establish and maintain a safe, healthy learning environment A safe and healthy learning environment is essential for young children in a classroom. One goal in the functional area of safe is to prevent and reduce injuries and still have a learning environment that is conducive to the children learning their own safe and healthy environments. SAFE: * Young infants are placed on their backs when they are sleeping. The crib is free of blankets, toys, or other soft materials that could cause suffocation. * Mobile infants are kept safe by making sure that there isn't anything that is small enough they could put in their mouths and swallow. Toys are checked daily for broken or loose parts. * Toddlers are kept safe by showing them the proper use of toys. They are encouraged to follow safety rules such as walking instead of running and sitting on a chair instead of climbing on it. HEALTHY: * Young infants are kept healthy by washing hands of both the caregiver and the child before and after every diaper change as well as sanitizing the changing table. Disposable gloves are used for the diapering process. * Mobile infants are kept healthy by cleaning and sanitizing play areas daily. Mouthed toys are immediately removed from the play area for later cleaning. * To keep toddlers healthy, nutritious meals are planned . Good eating habits are modeled and the child is encouraged to eat new foods. LEARNING ENVIRONMENT: * Young infants are given the opportunity...
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...determine the most effective learning style for children. The article Guided Play: Principles and Practices explains the learning concept entitled guided play. According to the article, guided play is “learning experiences that combine the child-directed nature of free play with focus on learning outcomes and adult mentorship (Weisberg, Hirsh-Pasek, Golinkoff, Kittredge, & Klahr, 2016, p.177).” In other words, guided play is a style of learning where children learn through play accompanied with adult guidance. For example, children can learn about ecosystems by exploring the environment. While the children explore, the adult figure guides the children...
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...Toy Assessment The toy that I choice to assessment is for the same age for the environment of an area for a child. The toy that I choose to assess is Laugh and learn apptivity creation center. This toy is for the age range of 9 months to 1 year old, it has a lot of different colors and activities using your iPad which is safely enclosed in the hard plastic and comes with to free download for apps that are to learn the different shapes allowing the baby to learn colorful shapes and ways to sort them also it has the play panel that doesn’t require you to use a iPad if you choose to not to. There are 2 ways to play with this toy you can use it lying flat or like an easel. The learning development that a child of this age group can learn is as followed. The fine motor skills, sorting and also memory of the different shapes, colors, also the Curiosity that the child will have endless hours of fun and enjoyment. The things that I see that could improve this toy would be to have I would make this possible a table top given the child a chair also. This way you could possible add different other things to it instead of just shapes you could add animals, colors, numbers, and also letters with you could download different apps from you iPad to interact with the different items you would add to the table top this would add to the learn of fine motor skill and also memory along with learning to speak different sounds and letters. The price for this toy is in the average price range...
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...Marketing Communications Memo PSY/322 October 7, 2013 Mary-Lynne Ament | Toys Inc | Memo To: | Management | From: | | Date: | October 7, 2013 | Re: | Educational Toys | | | | | Introduction In marketing communications there is no doubt that demographic and psychographic information is very important. In developing and creating a new line of educational toys for children aged 7-10, demographic and psychographic are going to play a major role in who Toy Inc should market to as well as what products to market. While educational toys are a great learning tool, I am going to look into a “toy” that can be used in different ways. I will go into what types of demographic and psychographic information will be the most beneficial to the organization and help create a great product to market to consumers. Marketing Objectives I will work for Toy Inc and look at what the needs of our consumers are. As well as survey the market to see what the needs are for a specific group of consumers. Because my position is creating a new line of educational toys for children aged 7-10 I must have a good understanding of our demographics. Looking at the market it must be divided into different segments based on common interests (Schiffman, L. G. and Kanuk, L, L., 2010). The key demographics that will be looked at are age and gender. When marketing educational toys, one will have to be aware of the age and gender as both boys and girls of different ages work at different...
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...Marketing Communications Memo Michael Richter PSY/322 June 15, 2013 Michael Turner Marketing Communications Memo Date: July 15, 2013 To: Management Team From: Michael Richter Re: New line of educational toys for kids aged 7-10 As Top of the Rock Toys moves into the future it is time our teams begin to discuss our new product realization for our toys. As of last week, it was brought to my attention that we do not have many options for educational toys, especially for the children in the ages of 7-10 years of age. As many of you may already know, Top of the Rock Toys want the children of our world to enjoy playing, yet at the same time continue to learn and develop the fundamentals needed to become the top minds in our country. The reason for this memo is to inform you that I will be leading the team that will develop this new product line, since this will be a joint effort from all the management team I am cordially asking that all teams that have data that pertains to demographics of our markets as well as psychographics please contact me as soon as possible so that I may begin to understand our target market, thus building our toy company into the leader of educational toys. The following will be a list of what I may or hope to obtain from the management team. The data that is provided will negate our goals so it is vital that you only pass along key information to the specific age group of 7-10 years of age. Our newest products have aimed their targets at younger...
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...SUBJECT: Toys and Gender Roles FOCUS: Do pre-school aged children pick toys that relate to their gender? BACKGROUND: Children are born without the knowledge of gender roles. It is something that is taught to them. As they grow, they become more familiar with who they are and their gender. When a child reaches an age to choose a toy out of many toys to play with, what do they choose? Kohlberg’s study (1966) found when children can identify themselves correctly as male or female, they begin to value activities that are consistent with their gender identity. (Smetana. Letourneau. 1984) There are many theories regarding gender learning and the differences in children’s toy preferences. Per Liben and Bigler “a gender schema can be considered...
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...Passion for Learning Helping Kids Become Amazing Students CASE SUBMISSION 3 Presented to Professor Ganesh N. Prabhu [pic] Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore On July 26, 2011 Submitted By Case Group – 2J: Arit Kumar Mondal 1011084 Rajarshi Sarma 1011194 Nirupam Das 1011258 TOY DISTRIBUTION INDUSTRY IN USA The toy distribution industry in USA is dominated by top five retailers (50% market share). Sales are seasonal towards the last quarter of the calendar year. The industry is attractive and the per capita contribution to toys is increasing. There has been a growing interest in the educational toys segment where educational value is the primary purchase driver. DIRECT MAIL INDUSTRY In 1993, over 40% of the Americans used mailed catalogs for purchases. Catalog consumers were well educated and had high incomes. Catalog sales were driven by mailing size, response rate & average order amount. Volume discounts, coupons & free gifts served as incentives. New products were extremely important in children’s catalog. CHALLENGES FOR PASSION FOR LEARNING (PFL) PFL’S market positioning is of a direct-mail company offering 100% educational products for 6-12 year old children. Its first catalog mail in 1994 resulted in a disappointing response rate of 0.77% which resulted in a loss of $145000 on revenues of $54000. There was also increasing competition from specialty chains...
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