...Reading is an afterthought. You do it everyday nearly constantly: the morning news, a menu, street signs, and a book before bed. A problem with reading is that not everyone learns at the same rate and can be left behind if they do not read at their expected grade level. For this reason, I decided to join SuperStar Literacy as a volunteer. SuperStar Literacy is a nonprofit organization based in Oakland, California. It aims to improve the reading skills of underprivileged students in the Bay Area. The organization hopes to lower dropout rates and create a stable foundation for later learning. I was able to join the organization as a student tutor and had one of the best experiences of my life. Two of my friends and myself would go to a...
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...Introduction The issue of literacy has come to the forefront in the past few decades with the rapid expansion of technology. Information is saturating the lives of individuals like never before. Because of this, people are having to learn new ways to access information as well as communicate information. One can no longer rely on just reading and writing alone to learn and gain understanding. Literacy has become a fluid term expanding to include technological literacy, literacy in the disciplines like mathematics, science, history, and english, as well as the traditional reading and writing fluency. It is important to understand the complexity of what literacy has come to mean in order to equip students with the proper skills needed to...
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...“The Greatness of Literature” To be honest, I can’t recall ever being excited about having to write an essay on epic poetry, “Julius Caesar” or “The Odyssey”. I also don’t remember wanting to read “Romeo and Juliet”, “The Scarlet Letter”, or “The Canterbury Tales.” I hated literature because I could only think of it as boring and a complete waste of my time. One day I was having a conversation with my dad about how unimportant I thought reading or writing were and he said something that made me change my mind. His exact words were: “you think they’re boring because you only go back to the bad experiences you’ve had with them, but think harder and try to remember all the good experiences as well.” That was the first time I realized that literature has had a great impact on me and that it is something I must be thankful for. Growing up I did not have a stable relationship with my mother and I blame that on my inability to communicate feelings. I was always scared to say what I truly felt or thought because I did not want to hurt her; I thought I would be disappointing her if I didn’t feel about things the same way as she did. Even though I got mad at her almost every day, I obviously still loved her and I wanted her to know, so I had to find a way to tell her. Since talking to her in person wasn’t really an option, I figured writing a letter would be easier, so one day I sat down with a blank sheet of paper and a pen in hand and I thought: “this will be the day I will tell my...
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...average population growth rate of 1.41%, this is a clear indication that this population will increase more with time. When looking at the age structure, people who are 15-64 years old make up 65% of India's population and only 30% being under 15 years of age. This clearly indicates that India is composed of a rather young population. As per the 2011 census, literacy levels stand at around 74.04% and this is a significant progress from the 14.5% rate at the time of India’s independence in 1947, though the census still reveals that the adult literacy rate in India was more than 11% lower than the average World Adult Literacy Rate of 84% (Census of India, 2011c, p.101). Despite major reforms and programs intended to develop the education system, India is still struggling with low rates of illiteracy, especially in the country’s rural parts. Different states have been experiencing different rates of increase in literacy levels, although with very high disparities caused by the different classes of the Indian society. For instance, Kerala and Mizoram states are above the national average at 82.14%, while others like Bihar have a literacy level of about 65.46%...
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...In this essay, it will explore literacy components of reading and writing. Through this essay, it will mainly discuss 21st-century literacy learning, approaches to teaching reading and writing, and multi- literacies. As well as these topics a curriculum analysis will be performed on both the Early Years Learning Framework and the Australian Curriculum, Assessment in early years and primary and government policy. To being the journey of understanding these areas associated with reading and writing, it is important to know what literacy means in today’s society. Leu & Kinzer, 2000) points out, literacy can be thought of as a moving target, continually changing its meaning depending on what society expects literate individuals to do’. Just important...
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...discourage females at higher level. If education does not prevail, the problems of Pakistan will reach at a stage which will make this country very vulnerable. Statically, Pakistan has made reasonable march since independence in many fields including education. Less than one million students were enrolled in schools at the time of independence, and, astonishingly, 12 million school- age children are enrolled. But more than 12 million children are doing job, putting their lives in danger and missing quality education. As a matter of fact, full enrollment at primary education is still not a reality, but a dream. The recent census tallies in China and India show that Pakistan is substantially behind the two large Asian nations. China's literacy rate is near 90% and India has reached 65%. Pakistanis around 50 %, this means we need to do better. Moreover, it's a moment of shame for us, because we have lesser population and are not as huge as China and India .If we look provincially on...
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...In this day and age of a pervasive mass media and seemingly a new social media outlet that is invented every month, the proliferation of information is all around us. Despite all of the advances in technology in the delivery of information, it may surprise you to learn that one in every five people on this planet are illiterate, two thirds of that number being women. Reflecting on this alarming statistic and Deborah Brandt’s essay on “Sponsors of Literacy”, I thought about what influences us to strive to learn how to read and write. Deborah Brandt refers to literacy sponsors as, “any agents, local or distant, concrete or abstract, who enable, support, teach, model, as well as recruit, regulate, suppress, or withhold literacy-and gain advantage...
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...2.0 Defination Read phonetically Dictionary - View detailed dictionary Government Transformation Programme (GTP) is the blueprint in Malaysia and designed to provide all Malaysians access to improved public services irrespective of race, religion and region. GTP was devised in accordance with the principles of 1Malaysia, People First, Performance Now. 3.0 Objective 1. To transform the Government to be more effective in it delivery of services and accountable for outcomes that matter most to the rakyat. 2. To move Malaysia forward to become an advanced, united, and just society with high standards of living for all. This is in line with the national mission of achieving Vision 2020 – for Malaysia to become a fully developed nation. 4.0 Strategy Dato Seri Najib Tun Razak (Prime Minister of Malaysia) introduced a series of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) in order to measure and improve the efficiency and quality of government services as well as realizing the 1Malaysia concept. KPIs were implemented to ensure the public satisfaction which is they are satisfied or not about the government’s service and whether the government had solved their problems. Dato Seri Najib Tun Razak has identified six major policy areas in which KPIs will play an especially important role in improving the effectiveness of the Malaysian government. These are known as National Key Result Areas (NKRAs). Challenges within each area have been divided into...
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...ADULT LITERACY EDUCATION IN NIGERIA AND THE USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1. The need for adult literacy education in Nigeria cannot be over-emphasized. In the context of global economy and competitive markets, adult literacy is a key factor contributing to economic development. In all countries of the world, adults constitute a larger proportion of the work force. Therefore, human resource development through adult literacy education has become a key component within the overall strategy for economic restructuring both in the developed and developing countries. The future of global economy and democratic polity in the twenty-first century is likely to depend on skilled, educated, and enlightened adult citizens. It was the World Conference on Education for All, held in Jomtien, (Thailand) in 1990 that highlighted the critical importance of addressing the learning needs of adults. In the context of globalization, basic learning skills and competencies are necessary not only for children, but also for adults, who are valuable human resources of every society. The new technological developments in information and Communication technologies (ICTs), such as satellite radio and television broadcasting, long distance telephony, computers and telecommunications have dramatically expanded our options for engaging in learning and teaching at the individual, community and societal levels. The hallmark of ICTs is their distributive power and...
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...University of Pennsylvania, Clarion, Pennsylvania FINANCIAL LITERACY AND FINANCIAL DECISION MAKING CAPACITY: THE GENDER BALANCE ISSUE Ebiringa, O. T. and Okorafor, E.O. Department of Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria ABSTRACT This paper investigates the extent to which age, level of education, nature of work and experience affects the financial literacy levels of Master of Business Administration students of Federal University of Technology, Owerri Nigeria. It equally assesses the extent to which gender difference discriminates in financial decision making, as there seems to be inconclusive notion that female students are better at financial decision making than their male counterpart. Students who took a three credit hours course in Financial Economics during the 2009/2010 academic session as well as participated in a financial literacy capacity program jointly organized by GTBank Plc and SIFE a part of the continuous assessment for the course constituted the study population. Quota and simple random sampling was adopted in the selection of 165 respondents whose responses provided the primary data used for analysis. Correlation coefficients and linear regression tools were adopted for analysis. The conclusion of the study based on results obtained is that gender difference though having inverse correlation with financial literacy level is not a significant predictor of financial literacy level, implying that there is no valid evidence to substantiate...
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...In my younger days, I thought of the term literacy as being able to physically read a written piece of work. I thought the ability to read was when an individual could actually pick up a book, magazine, or even the daily news, and have the ability to understand the collage or words on the page. Most believe that this simple understanding of what words are on the paper is all there is to know about reading. But what most people do not know, is that there is a much deeper meaning behind the word literacy. Along with being able to actually read a piece of literature, there is also having the ability to determine what that piece actually means or the overall message behind it. This helpful but yet difficult skill to attain is the ability to analyze. Many individuals tend to leave the process of analysis out of the equation when discussing literacy abilities. Some also over look the fact the knowledge gained through reading can be applicable to life in general. Consequently, these talents are not just acquired overnight. Learning to read and understand written words and languages takes time, as there are many more parts to literacy than one would imagine. Although learning to read can prove to be difficult, even for the smartest of children, everyone has to start somewhere. For me, my journey began when I was in kindergarden. My teacher, Mrs. Kroon, had a clever trick to help teach her students how to read. She believed that learning to read starts off with becoming familiar with...
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...Cultural Action for Freedom Paulo Freire Introduction I think it is important—for my own sake as well as the reader’s—that we try, at the very outset, to clarify some points fundamental to the general understanding of my ideas on education as cultural action for freedom. This is all the more important since one of the basic aims of this work, where the process of adult literacy is discussed, is to show that if our option is for man, education is cultural action for freedom and therefore an act of knowing and not of memorization. This act can never be accounted for in its complex totality by a mechanistic theory, for such a theory does not perceive education in general and adult literacy in particular as an act of knowing. Instead, it reduces the practice of education to a complex of techniques, naively considered to be neutral, by means of which the educational process is standardized in a sterile and bureaucratic operation. This is not a gratuitous assertion. We will later clarify the radical distinction between knowing and memorizing and the reasons why we attach such importance to the adult literacy process. But first, some words about the socio-historical conditioning of the thinking presented here, as well as an explanation of the necessity for critical reflection on such conditioning. From a non-dualistic viewpoint, thought and language, constituting a whole, always refer to the reality of the thinking subject. Authentic thought-language is generated in the dialectical...
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...A STUDY ON TRAINING AND MICRO CREDIT PROGRAM OF CENTER FOR WOMEN’S RIGHT AND DEVELOPMENT Submitted By: A fieldwork report Submitted to: Shanker Dev Campus Tribhuvan University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Business Studies Ramshahpath, Putalisadak, Kathmandu June, 2006 Faculty of Management TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY RECOMMENDATION This is to certify that the fieldwork assignment report Submitted by: Entitled A Study on Training and micro credit and development Program of Center for women right and development Has been prepared as approved by this department. This fieldwork assignment report is forwarded for examination. Supervisor Date… Head of the Dept Shanker Dev Campus ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS While preparing this Fieldwork Report of Centre for women’s Right and Development on Training and Micro credit Programme. I received the kind assistance of many people, most of whom are directly involved in micro credit & Savings program within CWRD and also the borrowers. The names of those whose knowledge helped shape this report writing are...
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...the sustainable literacy mastery of one generation to the next generation. Literacy is really needed to speed up the development or the progress of a country especially in this era of globalization in which technology advance and rapid economic development requires everyone to be competent and to have good skills. Everyone should be literate and be able to read or write at least. In line of this, Hussain (2005) said: “Access to quality literacy learning opportunities and the development of literate environments are essential components of strategies for poverty reduction, equality, economic development and environmental protection, and for achieving democracy. Literacy is a fundamental human right and a prerequisite to the empowerment of the individual and development of society”. It is fully essential to social and human development in its ability to transform lives. For individuals, families, and societies alike, it is an instrument of empowerment to improve one’s health, one’s income, and one’s relationship with the world. Literacy education is one of important aspects which should be applied in order to foster an interest and latent talent in order to get that empowerment of the individual and development of society. Through informal or formal education at school, students especially can know how to read and write well. When they know how to read, they are expected to possess good knowledge by reading books or many other medias such as internet. Literacy is not obtained...
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...A Study of Middle Grades Students’ Reading Interests, Habits, and Achievement Nichole Lynnette Smith A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate of Education in the School of Education. Chapel Hill 2009 Approved By: Dr. Barbara Day Dr. Frank Brown Dr. Sandra Hughes-Hassell Dr. Teresa Petty Dr. Xue Lan Rong i © 2009 Nichole Lynnette Smith ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Nichole Lynnette Smith: A Study of Middle Grades Students’ Reading Interests, Habits, and Achievement (Under the direction of Dr. Barbara Day, Advisor) Reading has become an area of concern among the American culture in the past decade. The amount of time the American public spends reading is declining quickly, and its most frequent drop has been among its youngest readers, elementary school students (National Endowment for the Arts, 2004). McKool’s (2007) research has found that there is a “strong relationship between the amount of out-of-school reading a student engages in and his or her success in school” (p. 111). It has also been found that students’ academic levels do not remain the same with no growth, but their academic levels actually drop if they do not read in their free time (Hughes- Hassell & Lutz, 2006). The current literature focuses on younger students, especially those in elementary school. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential differences of what influences...
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