Premium Essay

Little Rock Nine Research Paper

Submitted By
Words 1425
Pages 6
Tehran Jones
History 102
Charles Grear
November 14, 2014

Merriam-Webster defines civil right as “the nonpolitical rights of a citizen; especially those guaranteed to U.S. citizens by the 13th and 14th amendments to the Constitution and by acts of Congress”. Technically, a civil right is “an enforceable right or privilege, which if interfered with by another gives rise to an action for injury” (Cochran, 2007). Some examples of civil rights are the freedom of the press, speech, the right to assembly, the right to vote, and the right to equality in public places. However, not all of these are perfectly observed in the United States despite the amount of efforts that is done to prevent discriminations on age, sex, race, religion, …show more content…
There were originally 17 African-American students that were selected to participate in the integration program bust because of the adversities that they experienced before and during the classes, the number dwindled into 9 students. Ernest Green, Elizabeth Eckford, Jefferson Thomas, Terrence Roberts, Carlota Walls LaNier, Minnijean Brown, Gloria Ray Karlmark, Thelma Mothershed, and Melba Patillo endured scrutiny and indifference amidst the chaos that threatens to erupt anytime as they firmly decided to push through their grounds to end discrimination and desire for racial integration which would invariably open opportunities for African-Americans in the country (Hidalgo, …show more content…
Instead of allowing the nine Black students in the Little Rock campus, he sent troops to block the passage of the nine African-Americans. Faubus was called upon by the then United States President Dwight Eisenhower and was made to agree to help protect the lives of the nine African-American students. Despite the warning from the President of the United States of America, Faubus left the students to the angry White mob. Because of the commotion, the news reached all over America and President Eisenhower was forced to send his own troops in the Central High, forcing mobs away and keeping the nine brave African-American students safe (NEP, n.d). This display of will and power and the support of good people to the racial integration has inspired many oppressed African-Americans and various people from all races to stand their ground and fight for their basic right to coexist with anyone. The Little Rock nine showed to the whole American community that the right to be free from discrimination and any other forms of injustices is worth the risk knowing that what they did is something that made a dent in the history of the American

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Little Rock Nine Research Paper

...Board of Education, became the stepping stones for the Little Rock Nine. The Little Rock Nine was a group of nine black students, who were chosen to go to an all-white, segregated school in Little Rock, Arkansas. In 1957, this group had some big problems facing them. This was the first real test of the 1954 Supreme Court ruling that said that school segregation was unconstitutional. The white population of the school, did not want to let the students in. Even the governor of Arkansas, Orval Faubus, did not want to let the students into the school. On their first day of classes at Central High, Faubus called in the state National Guard, in an effort to bar the student’s entry in the school. This move by the governor was almost grounds for a small war, since later the month the president at that time, Dwight D. Eisenhower, sent in federal troops to escort the Little Rock Nine into Central High. The troops stayed with the students as through their time in school, making sure they could not get abused. However, they did get abused in the locker rooms, were the guards could not go. The Little Rock Nine is just one example of how extreme racial segregation still was. This could not have happened though, without Brown vs. Board of Education. The Little Rock nine had all the backing of the Supreme Court, which said what Little Rock, Arkansas was doing was perfectly...

Words: 1488 - Pages: 6

Free Essay

Credit Risk

...consideration for the degree of “MA Finance and Investment” Acknowledgement I would like to express my special thanks to my supervisor Mrs. Margaret Woods, who has given me strong support and encouragement during the whole research, and I am very appreciate of the expert guidance and inspiration she brought me. I am very grateful to my parents for their love and encouragement during my whole education period. The academic suggestions my father has given help me a lot in designing the dissertation. Last but not least, I would like to thank all my friends especially those in Melton Hall. I will never forget the help they have offered, which raises my confidence in completing this dissertation. i Abstract Credit risk is always treated as the major risk inherent in a bank’s banking and trading activities. And if not well managed, this kind of risk may drag a bank into great trouble or even bankruptcy, which can be proved by various bank failure cases. For banks, managing credit risk is not a simple task since comprehensive considerations and practices are needed for identifying, measuring, controlling and minimizing credit risk. In this dissertation, the credit risk management practices of major British banks are examined through the quantitative research on all Major British Banking Group members and qualitative analysis on the four sample banks. The key areas in the generalization and comparison of techniques and practices of sample banks are chosen according to the Basel...

Words: 23126 - Pages: 93

Free Essay

Ink's Lake Devils Waterhole

...Abstract Central Texas contains Precambrian rocks, which were exposed due to the Llano uplift. This paper looks further into the Devil’s Waterhole of Ink’s Lake to get a better understanding of the area. First the geology of the Llano uplift is studied to get a better understanding of how the rocks in the area were formed. The rocks in the area, which consists of Valley Springs Gneiss and Town Mountain Granite, are studied even further to see the composition of each and how each was formed. The Valley Spring Gneiss is split into amphibolite, biotite gneiss, quartz-feldspar gneiss, and quartzite. Each of the five different rock samples were observed and studied in the area to give us a better understanding of their compositions, how they were formed, and what their protoliths are. The Devil’s Waterhole of Ink’s lake is the area of focus in studying Precambrian rock. Throughout the Ink’s Lake region we will take focus on the Precambrian metamorphic rock that was exposed due to the Llano uplift. The Llano uplift contains some of the oldest rocks in North America and is exposed in Ink’s Lake, Texas. This is exposed due to the oceanic-continent collision, which drove the Llano uplift upward. After the weathering away of the younger rock on top, the currently exposed metamorphic rock is more easily observed. Following the Llano uplift exposure, there was an intrusion of the Town Mountain Granite, which we will also look further into. We also observe the areas reactions such as...

Words: 2128 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Fracking and the Eagle Ford Shale

...END OF TERM PAPER PROF. RUZIC HYDRAULIC FRACTURING AND THE EAGLE FORD SHALE Patricio Calles Almeida – UIN 651559726 Everyone knows that the urge to find an alternative to fossil fuels is one of the top priorities of technology researchers and scientists. We also know that the United States is becoming more and more dependable on foreign resources as the national ones are running low. However, fossil fuels are still the only cost-effective sources of them all. You could argue that hydroelectric and nuclear power are on the rise, but the first one does not produce large scale amounts of energy and the latter requires a huge initial investment with long waits until returns and profits; all the previous makes these sources not really convenient in developing countries, the ones that ironically need is the most. That’s why fossil fuel sources will continue to dominate the energy scene for the next decades, at least. In this context, I want to focus my paper on hydraulic fracturing, fracking. Actually, more specifically, the absolute focus will be to relate this modern method of oil and natural gas extraction with the Eagle Ford Shale, located in South Texas. Specifications and characteristics that make this shale so appealing for fracking will be a part of the following analysis. Overall, the shale is one that could be the biggest production center of oil and natural gas of the US and bring lots of economic benefits to the region. The objective of this paper is demonstrated...

Words: 3616 - Pages: 15

Premium Essay

Perception of Screamo Music to the Spiriual Side of Youth

...respondents in terms of 1.1. Age 1.2. Gender 1.3. Length of membership in Stigmatine Youth Movement (SYM) 1.4. Length of exposure to Screamo Music 2. What are the effects of Screamo music as perceived by the Stigmatine Youth Movement (SYM) in the apostolate? 3. Is there a significant relationship between the profile of the respondents and the perceived effects of screamo music to the spiritual enrichment of the Stigmatine Youth Movement (SYM)? Methodology A descriptive survey research was used in this study. Descriptive research involves collection of data in order to test hypothesis or to answer questions concerning the current status of the subject of the study. The descriptive research has no control over what is, and it can only measure what already exist. The researcher abides into descriptive method of research in order to determine the perceived effects of screamo music to the spiritual enrichment of the S.Y.M. 1. The respondent’s profile 1. Age Mostly of the respondents age belong to the adolescence which range from thirteen to eighteen (13 – 18) – twenty five...

Words: 12340 - Pages: 50

Premium Essay

Creationism vs. Evolutionism

...consider are the facts. Theories will only get us so far in life, but the facts, the hard evidence, will convince a doubting person to believe if they will only consider the evidence. Through my research I hope to uncover that very evidence to show those who still doubt the real truth. Creation and Evolution are two major beliefs that people follow as a guideline. The two philosophies have different effects on our lives and the make-up of who we are and what we believe. Creation is a belief followed by many people and generally speaking the Holy Bible serves as a guideline and a set of instructions to show how the earth was formed and to guide us through life. Science backs up this Holy Book it is a very reliable source of the history of the world. There are many questions in life that man has always longed to find the answers to and the questions are: Who am I, why am I here, how did everything get here, and where will I go when I die? Well if you believe in evolution then you came from non-living material that all came together from the big bang. There is no purpose to life, you have no one to answer to, so if it feels good than do it and when you die then you will be recycled into a plant. We supposedly came here by chance through millions of years of evolving from a rock. In Creation, an all-powerful creator created you, life is a stepping-stone to get to heaven; there are consequences to what you do, rules to follow and someone to answer to. There is an afterlife...

Words: 1598 - Pages: 7

Free Essay

80's Music vs New Aged Music

...80's Music vs. New aged Music Chelsey Stafford COM/170 January 10, 2013 Tameka Winston In today's society our music comes from a different era than it was in the 80's. The genre and style of the generation will follow. Music comes from the Ancient Greek muses, who were the nine goddesses of art and science. Music actually began around 500 B.C. when Pythagoras experimented with acoustics and how math related to tones formed from plucking strings. The main form of music during the middle Ages was the Gregorian chant, named for Pope Gregory I. This music was used in the Catholic Churches to enhance the services. It consisted of a sacred Latin text sung by monks without instrumentation. The chant is sung in a monophonic texture, which means there is only one line of music. It has a free-flowing rhythm with little or no set beat. The chants were originally all passed through oral tradition, but the chants became so numerous that the monks began to notate them. Towards the end of the Middle Ages, about the 12th and 13th centuries, music began to move outside of the church. French nobles called troubadours and trouveres were among the first to have written secular songs. Music of this time was contained among the nobility, with court minstrels performing for them. There were also wandering minstrels who would perform music and acrobatics in castles, taverns, and town squares. These people were among the lowest social class, along with prostitutes and slaves, but...

Words: 1450 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Ocean Acidification Research Paper

...its effects on marine life. The purpose of this paper is to provide a deeper understanding of what ocean acidification, it effects...

Words: 2013 - Pages: 9

Free Essay

Effects of Classical Music on Reading Comprehension

...Journal of Undergraduate Psychological Research 2008, Vol. 3 The Effects of Different Types of Music on Cognitive Abilities Laurel Harmon, Kristen Troester Taryn Pickwick, Giovanna Pelosi Western Connecticut State University A variety of research has been conducted on the effects of different types of music on cognitive abilities. Many of these studies are based upon the Mozart Effect, which claims that listening to classical music has an advantage over other types of music on learning. This study consists of two experiments which tested 54 college students ages 18-50. In Experiment 1, we hypothesized that participants exposed to Mozart would score significantly higher on a listening comprehension test than those exposed to rock music or silence. In Experiment 2, we hypothesized that listening to rock music would result in lower reading comprehension test scores than classical music or non-music groups. An ANOVA test indicated that the results for both experiments were non-significant. The relationship between music and learning has been an area of interest for researchers for many years. Some studies have shown that music can enhance cognitive abilities (Hall, 1952), and others have shown that it can interfere with complex cognitive processes but not simple processes (Fogelson, 1973). In 2004, researchers conducted a study that presented the effect of Mozart’s music on learning. The effect demonstrated that there may be an important relationship between certain types...

Words: 4657 - Pages: 19

Premium Essay

Primary Care Vs Urgent Care

...Primary Care versus Urgent Care: Why People are Choosing Urgent Care Clinics Group 1: Melissa Allen, Nahtika Belser, Meghan Evans, Hailee Gallaway Dr. Martha Rock University of North Alabama NU-200W-01 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to show why people are choosing urgent care over primary care facilities. In this paper, we showed the advantages of both primary and urgent care centers. The methods conducted for this research was online scholarly works. The participants who volunteered were Melissa Allen, Nahtika Belser, Meghan Evans, and Hailee Gallaway. The data obtained resulted in the advantages that urgent care is why patients are choosing them over primary care facilities. Overall, our conclusion shows that primary...

Words: 1829 - Pages: 8

Premium Essay

Bette Technology: The Influencing Machine By Brooke Gladstone

...to happen.     If someone is walking down the street and they see a person that is a known registered sex offender, they generally do not want to see him. Typically, people would blur him out of their mind. It is as simple as imagining he is not even in your vicinity. This is the same thing as the schizophrenic. It is a matter of mind tricks.     Throughout time numerous inventions have had their time to shine. When it is new people are suspicious. Research studies are conducted to find out that benefits and disadvantages due to it’s use. Generally, this happens when something is first brought into the public. After a few decades have passed, people tend to be more accepting. In 1961 the invention of the television frightened people. They felt all that would be seen “is a vast wasteland” when watching television. (Brooke Gladstone) Numerous studies were conducted on excessive television exposure and showed that it was linked to obesity and smoking along with other results. In 1936 the radio was highly disapproved of because research showed it caused kids to have nightmares.     A century before, reading was frowned upon because people feared it exhausted children's brains. They were afraid the words and symbols were too complex for the human mind and it would cause their brains to become too overloaded with information. When the children grew up, they would, ultimately, find themselves admitted into the insane asylum. In 1613 Barnaby Rich spoke of books overcharging the world....

Words: 2298 - Pages: 10

Free Essay

Glacation

...Glaciers and Glaciation Jordan Leslie KAMSC Geology Term Paper Mr. Sinclair January 10, 2013 A glacier is basically a thick ice mass that originates on land from the accumulation, compaction, and recrystallization of snow. Since glaciers are agents of erosion, they must also flow. Similar to running water, groundwater, waves, and wind, glaciers are dynamic forces that are capable of accumulating, transporting, and depositing sediment. Glaciers are found in many parts of the world today. However, they are mostly found in remote areas. Thousands of relatively small glaciers exist in lofty mountain regions, where they usually follow valleys originally occupied by water. Unlike the rivers that previously flowed in these valleys, glaciers move very slowly, approximately a few centimeters per day. Based on their location, glaciers are narrowed down to two categories: valley glaciers and alpine glaciers. Each is a stream of ice, bounded by precipitous rock walls, that flows down valley from an accumulation center near its head. Like rivers, valley glaciers can be long or short, wide or narrow, single or with branching tributaries. Generally, the widths of alpine glaciers are small compared to the length. Some glaciers extend for just a fraction of a kilometer, whereas others go on for tens of kilometers. The picture above shows the Lateral moraine on a glacier joining the Gorner Glacier, in Switzerland. The Gorner Glacier runs along the bottom of the...

Words: 3811 - Pages: 16

Free Essay

Chinese Calligraphy

...Content 1.Introduction 2 2. Papers 3 2.1 Selecting Paper 3 2.1.1 Shuan Paper 4 2.1.2 Mien Paper 4 2.1.3 Mao Bien Paper 4 3. Brush 5 3.1 Correct Way of Holding a Calligraphy Brush 6 3.2 Basic Chinese Calligraphy Brush Theories 6 3.3 Basic Brush techniques for Chinese Calligraphy 7 4. Ink Stick 8 4.1 Production 8 5. Ink Stones 9 5.1 Four Famous Ink Stone ...

Words: 2637 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

Dinosaur Extinction

...Dinosaur extinction is still a major mystery of earth history. In this review article, extinctions in the geological record will be briefly mentioned. Many of the imaginative theories for the extinction of the dinosaurs will also be presented. Within the uniformitarian paradigm, the meteorite impact theory, once considered ‘outrageous’, now is the dominant theory. However, the volcanic theory is still believed by a majority of paleontologists. Both theories have their strengths and weaknesses. The unscientific behavior of those involved in the meteorite paradigm change will be briefly explored. Evidence that the dinosaurs died in a cataclysm of global proportions will be presented, such as the huge water-laid dinosaur graveyards found over the earth. Occasional nonspecific bone-beds and the rarity of fossils of very young dinosaurs suggest a catastrophic death and burial. The billions of dinosaur tracks recently discovered provide testimony to unusual, stressful conditions. Nests, eggs, and babies are a challenge to a Flood model, but there are enough unknowns associated with the data that solid conclusions are difficult to draw. The part that impacts and volcanism play in a Flood paradigm will be briefly discussed. The question of whether the K/T boundary and the extinction of the dinosaurs should be considered a synchronous event within the Flood will be considered. Introduction Dinosaurs bring wonder to children and adults alike. That such great beasts once roamed the earth...

Words: 16556 - Pages: 67

Premium Essay

Marketing Plan for Vision Events Planning

...Marketing Plan for Vision Events Planning MM522 Marketing Management James Peacock May 30, 2010 Executive Summary Vision Events Planning (VEP) has the energy and know how to make events a one-of-a-kind occasion. VEP is a new company that will provide high quality event planning services to its clients, using nine years of experience. The company is located at PO Box 625, Rock Hill, North Carolina. VEP emphasizes excellent customer service for all of its events, regardless of size. The foundation of the company is Rachel Cook. Originally trained in management, Rachel brings along with her experience, knowledge and creativity to every event. Her plan is to inject new life into the event planning business, leveraging her skills to develop creative event design and decor options for her clientele. The business is a sole proprietorship, with Rachel Cook being the only employee. As growth warrants, additional event consultants and/or outside office location can be realized. Our keys to success: 1. We will service our clients' needs on time and efficiently. 2. We will maintain excellent working relationships with suppliers, 3. We will maintain a professional image in our industry and community. Mission Statement The mission of Vision Events Planning is to create lasting memories. To do this VEP will offer high quality event planning. VEP offers complete consulting services for private social events, corporate functions, non-profit events and weddings. We...

Words: 5636 - Pages: 23