...dedeMAPÚA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY School of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management VISION Mapúa shall be an international center of excellence in technology education by: providing instructions that are current in content and state-of-the art in delivery; engaging in cutting-edge research; and responding to the big local and global technological challenges of the times MISSION a) The mission of Mapúa Institute of Technology is to disseminate, generate, preserve and apply scientific, engineering, architectural and IT knowledge. b) The Institute shall, using the most effective means, provide its students with professional and advanced scientific and engineering, architectural and information technology education through rigorous and upto-date academic programs with ample opportunities for the exercise of creativity and the experience of discovery. c) It shall implement curricula that, while being steeped in technologies, shall also be rich in the humanities, languages and social sciences that will inculcate ethics. d) The Institute shall advance and preserve knowledge by undertaking research and reporting on the results of such inquiries. e) The Institute, singly or in collaboration with others, shall bring to bear the world's vast store of knowledge in science, engineering and other realms on the problems of the industry and the community in order to make the Philippines and the world a better place. MISSION a 1. To prepare students for a professional Engineering...
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...Macro System Paper Mike Jones June 7, 2015 BSHS 325 The macro system is the culture of an individual and relates to a person surroundings. In this paper will discuss the concepts of personal, interpersonal, and political empowerment, the way individuals are involved in multiple social systems. I will also discussing the macro systems response to child maltreatment sexual abuse and delinquency and compare and contrast the application of functionalism and interactionist theory to poverty. Lastly, I will discuss the role and responsibility of the human service worker in the macro environment. Personal empowerment can be defined as the power within a person. It consequences in self-confidence, which means an individual is assuming his or her responsibilities; you have enough confidence to make decisions, and you realizes that you are in a position to change. The change could be anything, it could be to seek career advancement, work on a failing relationship or to become a better parent. Personal empowerment gives a person a better sense of responsibility and holds ourselves more accountable for the things we do. It is meant to make us better individuals. Interpersonal empowerment is when a organization or a person work together to meet their targets. The combined power of the group will help all of the members to achieve their goals. Each member will contribute, understand, and support their other group members to increase their collective empowerment. Empowerment can...
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...concepts – wealth, welfare and scarcity. Basic tools of economics analysis (equations and functions, graphs and diagrams, slope and intercepts) Module 2 : Consumers Behaviour and Demand Marishallian Approach : Equi-marginal utility, Law of demand – Determinants of demand. Elasticity of demand and its measurement. Price – Income – Cross and Promotional elasticity of demand. Consumer’s Surplus. Hicksian Approach : Indifference curves – properties of Indifference Curve, Consumer’s Equilibrium, Price effect, Income effect and substitution effect – Derivation of demand from Price Consumption Curve (PCC) – Giffen’s paradox. Samuelson Approach : Revealed Preference Theory. Module 3 : Production and Cost Analysis Concept of production function : short run and long run – Cobb – Douglass production function. isoquants – iso-cost line – producer’s equilibrium. Law of variable proportion and Law of returns to scale – Economies of scale – Economies of scope. Concepts of costs : Money and real cost, Opportunity cost, Social cost, Private cost – Derivation of short run and long run cost curves– Learning curve. SECTION –II Module 4 : Theory of Firm : Concepts of revenue : Total Revenue, Average Revenue and Marginal Revenue – Relationship between TR, AR and MR under perfect and imperfect competition – AR, MR and elasticity. Objectives of a Firm – Analysis of Equilibrium of a firm : TC-TR Approach – MC-MR Approach – Break-Even Analysis. 2 Module 5 : Market Structure : Perfect...
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...that learning. Pioneered by Havard Law School and then used on their MBA course in 1869, they have been seen as a valuable teaching tool. What is a case study? It usually consists of a written description of a situation faced by or within an organisation. A case study may be a brief outline of a scenario or 100 or more pages of closely written description and including company accounts, sales figures and other relevant information. Some studies are fictional and some based on real-life situations. Cases can: • Broaden your awareness of organisational situations • Give you something on which to practice concepts you have learned • Provide a useful basis for assessment • Develop group-working skills • Highlight assumptions about organisations and how people should or should not behave Warning! Remember a case study is the author’s impression of reality and is subject to bias. Therefore be prepared to look beyond the case study. Problems that may arise • Deciding what is needed – what are you meant to be doing • Working effectively as a group • Coping with time pressures • Sorting out the information • Structuring the information in a way that makes sense • Difficulty in drawing conclusions from the information supplied • Communicating the information effectively via a written report or an oral presentation Effective case analysis: Clarify and agree objectives Try to...
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...their means of survival. It creates opportunities and its present threats. This chapter therefore provides frameworks for analysing changing and complex environments. These frameworks are organised in a series of ‘layers’. Within the environment there is Macro-environment, this is the highest-level layer that consist of broad environmental factors that impact to a greater or lesser extent on almost all organisations. Industry or Sector forms the next layer within this broad general environment; this is made up of organisations producing the same products and services. Competitors and markets are the most immediate layer surrounding organisations; here the concept of strategic groups can help to identify the different kinds of competitors. This chapter works through this three layers in turn. 1. THE MACRO-ENVIRONMENT The three concepts in this section are PESTEL, key drivers and scenarios these are interrelated tools for analysing the broad macro environment of an organisation 2.1. PESTEL framework The PESTEL framework categorise the environmental influences into six main types, namely: Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal. Politics highlight the role of government, Economics refers to macro-economic factors such as exchange rates, business cycle and different economic growth rates around the world, social influences include changing cultures and demographics, Technological influences refer to innovation such as the internet etc., Environmental...
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...1.1 Marketing Principles Unit 4 1.1 Explain the various elements of the marketing process 1 I. Situation Analysis 1 a. Identify the customer needs 1 b. Understand the firm’s capabilities 2 c. Marketing Environment................................................................................................................2 II. Marketing Strategy 3 Segmentation 3 Targeting 4 Positioning.................................................................................................................................................4 III. Marketing Mix Decisions 4 IV. Implementation and Control 5 1.2 Evaluate the benefits and costs of a marketing orientation for a selected organisation 5 2.1 Show macro and micro environmental factors which influence marketing decisions 7 2.2 Propose segmentation criteria to be used for products in different markets 10 2.3 Choose a targeting strategy for a selected product/service 12 2.4 Demonstrate how buyer behaviour affects marketing activities in different buying situations 13 2.5 Propose new positioning for a selected product/service 18 1.2 1.1 Explain the various elements of the marketing process Marketing is a mutualism between companies and customers. It is a beneficial process and interaction by which people acquire what they need and want through an exchange; the companies supply the needs of the customers who buy their products. Marketing aims to create value for...
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...I developed interest in studying Economics the very day I was introduced to the subject in my first year in the secondary school. Although I had the penchant to become a Financial Management Specialist, I realized that I could hardly become a successful one without studying Economics. This underpinned my resolve to combine Economics with Accounting during my undergraduate studies. My exposure to the intermediate level of Economics broadened my reasoning and decision-making skills which further deepened my interest in Economics. I have realized that Economics is important in every aspect of human life and that the study Economics offers a plethora of Vista. As Finance Manager, I employ both micro and macro economic data in taking financial decisions that will be in the best interest of my employers and stakeholders of the firm. For example, I consider economic factors such as inflation, interest and exchange rates and the principle of opportunity cost when performing my financial planning and treasury management functions. Apart from helping an individual to make rational choices, decisions or maximize any resources no matter how small, the study of Economics enables one to evaluate the effect of economic policies on the welfare of citizens. It also helps to evaluate government policies on...
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...organization. It is recommended that the company should pursue the third option. That is, it should decentralize decision-making, which would allow for Bumble Bee to be a more self-sufficient operation; it should not make use of purse-seine fishing techniques, which capture not only tuna but also dolphins; and it should market itself as a premiere, ecologically-friendly brand. This would cost the company more, however, it would also position Unicord in the market as an environmentally-conscious, efficient organization, which can and should increase profitability Problem Statement The main problem is that Unicord’s subsidiary Bumble Bee, and the company as a whole, is in significant difficulty concerning loss of sales as well as debt. This, of course, is rooted in a number of related problems, such as the political, environmental, technological, social/cultural and economic problems that the company faces. For example, in terms of Bumble Bee, the company must deal with the issue of Unicord as a foreign investor, which raises a number of concerns. Also, Unicord must deal with the political issues that have evolved regarding the harvesting of tuna and the subsequent killing of dolphins as a result of the technology that is currently utilized. In addition, it is evident that the takeover of Bumble Bee has resulted in a clash of cultures in that the parent company, or Unicord, would like to see the company run under its own rules and...
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...consider to recover from the‘‘marketing disaster’’ Managing Markets KCB ID: 12449. Course Instructor: J.Naidoo Student ID: 12449 INTRODUCTION: That assignment consists of two parts. In first part, we will discuss the macro environmental factors that will affect BP (British Petroleum), when they have to consider their future strategic decision in order to regain their market position in the USA. In second part, we will suggest a marketing plan for BP to consider to recover from this ‘‘marketing disaster’’. The disaster is the Gulf of Mexico oil platform (which is the Deepwater Horizon) explosion occurred, millions barrels of oil have been leaked in the region for a few months. That infiltration is the largest environmental disaster in U.S. history. The goal of macro environment analyse is to see that marketing opportunity and threats were given by changes and trends in macro environment. Focusing on them for marketers helps to take decision and modifies their strategies and plans. The marketers wish to know which elements of macro environment affect their planning and how they influence future strategies. We will see the strong point and factors of macro environment which are the social and cultural environment, political and legal environment...
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...Companies Operations The company is a national financial planning organisation who offers a full range of financial services to a wide variety of clients. Vision Statement “We provide financial planning services through a national network of Adviser Practices staffed by qualified financial planners. Our advisers are dedicated to helping you to secure your financial future and achieve your lifestyle choices. We develop a deep understanding of your needs and risk profile before delivering tailored solutions to your wealth creation problems. Our goal is to work together with you on your journey over your lifetime. As one of Australia’s most respected financial planning groups, our Financial delivers unique and appropriate solutions for the creation and management of wealth.” Due to the fact that the company has not published a Vision Statement, the above passage has been taken off the WB website to analyse as such. As can be seen it is directed toward clients rather than at employees of the company but still gives a broad directional indication to managers of where to direct their operations. Overall as a vision statement the above does not provide the motivation and future direction that a properly worded vision statement can and is meant to provide. The vision is forward-looking and directional in that it gives employees an idea of what services they are to provide. It also delivers feasible objectives for employees to work towards. However, as a vision...
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...style might now conclude that the best style depends on the situation. If one is leading troops in the Persian Gulf, an autocratic style is probably best (of course, many might argue here, too). If one is leading a hospital or university, a more participative and facilitative leadership style is probably best. Systems Theory Systems theory has had a significant effect on management science and understanding organizations. First, let’s look at “what is a system?” A system is a collection of part unified to accomplish an overall goal. If one part of the system is removed, the nature of the system is changed as well. For example, a pile of sand is not a system. If one removes a sand particle, you’ve still got a pile of sand. However, a functioning car is a system. Remove the carburetor and you’ve no longer got a working car. A system can be looked at as having inputs, processes, outputs and outcomes. Systems share feedback among each of these four aspects of the systems. Let’s look at an organization. Inputs would include resources such as raw materials, money, technologies and people. These inputs go through a process where they’re planned, organized, motivated and controlled, ultimately to meet the organization’s goals. Outputs would be products or services to a market. Outcomes would be, e.g., enhanced quality of life or productivity for customers/clients, productivity. Feedback would be information from human resources carrying out the process, customers/clients using the...
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...Nintendo Wii Marketing plan Table of Content 1. Situation analysis 1.1 Macro analysis 1.2 Micro analysis 1.3 SWOT analysis 1.4 Bowman’s strategy clock 1.5 The Product Life Cycle 2. Target Market 2.1 Positioning 2.2 Segmentation 3. Marketing Mix 3.1 Product 3.2 Price 3.3 Promotion 3.4 Place 3.5 People 3.6 Physical 3.7 Process 1. Situation analysis 1.1. Macro environment The PESTEL analysis describes a framework of macro-environmental factors. It is a useful strategic tool for understanding market growth or decline, business position, potential and direction for operations. 1.2.1. Political The video game industry is influenced by factors such as taxation policies, foreign trade regulations and social welfare policies (some games have sexual/violent content). Video games tend to play with the emotions of people. Governments have the authority to control the content of the video game frames. 1.2.2. Economic The income of the consumers in the video game industry have an effect on their buying behaviour. If people fall under a low-income range, they might not be able to buy a video game because they are relatively expensive. 1.2.3. Social Factors that can influence the video game industry are: income distribution, lifestyle changes, level of education, population demographics, attributes to work, consumerism, etc. Nintendo’s action to open World of...
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...Address: Department of Language & Literacy Education University of British Columbia 2125 Main Mall Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada Courier: 2034 Lower Mall Road University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2 Canada Qualitative Approaches to Classroom Research 2 ABSTRACT This chapter provides an overview of recent qualitative research in classrooms examining English language learners (ELLs). I first present common features of qualitative research and review debates regarding research paradigms in the social sciences and humanities. I also discuss the role of triangulation and capturing participants’ insider or emic perspectives in qualitative research and highlight various data collection methods and ways of combining macro-level and micro-level analyses, particularly in ethnographic research. Ethical issues, difficulties obtaining informed consent in classroom research, and criteria for evaluating qualitative research are then considered. Three qualitative studies that have been deemed exemplary and meritorious by scholars in English language education are then presented and some common themes in current qualitative classroom research with ELLs are identified. The chapter concludes with directions for future qualitative research. Introduction Over the past 2 decades, research in language education, as in other academic disciplines, has witnessed a major shift in the types and methods of research that are accepted as valid, important, and useful. Whereas...
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...Assignment no: 509 Answer Managerial economics refers to the application of economic theory and the tools of analysis of decision science to examine how an organization can achieve it aims or objectives most efficiently. Importance of managerial economics Managerial Decision Problems Economic theory Microeconomics Macroeconomics Decision Sciences Mathematical Economics Econometrics MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS Application of economic theory and decision science tools to solve managerial decision problems OPTIMAL SOLUTIONS TO MANAGERIAL DECISION PROBLEMS Managerial Decision Problems Economic theory Microeconomics Macroeconomics Decision Sciences Mathematical Economics Econometrics MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS Application of economic theory and decision science tools to solve managerial decision problems OPTIMAL SOLUTIONS TO MANAGERIAL DECISION PROBLEMS Managerial enables the use of economic logic and principles to aid management decision-making. Managers are decision-makers and economics should be relevant to give practical guidance in arriving at right decisions. Every manager has to take important decisions about using his limited resources like land, capital, labour, finance etc. to get the maximum returns, therefore, managerial economics, concentrates on those practical aspects of micro-economics which help in decision-making. Managerial economics focuses on the most profitable use of scarce resources rather than on the achievement of equilibrium prices...
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...PREFACE As a part of the course curriculum, the second year MBA students are required to undertake a study on macro analysis of a particular industry and thereby, prepare a project report on the chosen industry. The objective behind preparing this project report is to relate the management subjects taught in the classroom to their practical application and to get insight into practical situation. Petroleum Industry is considered to be the back bone of an economy because this is the main source of energy till date. Any economy around the world would fail to advance a single step in the absence of Petroleum Industry. The Petroleum Industry is divided into two segments namely Upstream Sector consisting of Exploration and Production of crude oil while the Downstream Sector consists of Refining, Processing, Storing, Marketing and Distribution of petroleum products. The most important part of the Petroleum Industry is the Petroleum Refining Industry which refines the crude oil to convert it to the usable fuel. It also derives many derivative products out of the crude petroleum like natural gas, naphtha, etc which can be used in various ways. Hence, for these reasons, we have chosen the Downstream Sector of the Indian Petroleum Industry for our Macro Analysis project. As this is a Macro Analysis project, we have concentrated on the Indian Petroleum Industry and that too focusing on the Downstream Sector for our study and not gone into the in depth analysis of the various players...
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