...Soc 100 Assignment 10 1. Explain the four stages of demographic transition theory. The first stage of demographic transition theory is the preindustrial, agrarian stage. In this society they have high birth rates because of the economic value of children as labor meanwhile they also have high death rates due to the low living standards and lack of medical technology. The second stage is the onset of industrialization in which death rates began to fall due to greater food supplies, yet birth rates remain high causing a rapid population growth. In the third stage, a mature industrial society, the higher standard of living makes raising children expensive and without the need for cheap child labor children become a liability so birth rates drop along with the continued drop in death rates. The postindustrial society stage is where demographic transition completes, dual income families with few children become the norm and death rates remain steady causing a slow population growth or a decline. In this theory it is easy to see how a society’s population is linked to its technological development. 2. Explain what you think the urban ecology theories and the urban political economy theory teach us about cities. Urban ecology theory explains that the first cities emerged in fertile farmlands where the agrarian society’s lived, then as the societies became more concerned with defense they found natural landscapes to protect their cities such as mountains or rivers....
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...more countries. China as one of BRICs country has an impact on economic, trade and political in the world. This paper will talk about the emerging market--China from some economic factors, social factors and political factors, also analysis why China play an important role in the world. And what is the relationship between China and the international environment? Global overview and introduction to China When China awakes, it will shake the world. -- Napoleon Bonaparte The people's republic of China (PRC) which located in east Asia continent, and on the western shore of Pacific Ocean, which is the third largest country with 9,596,960 square kilometres. With the vast land, the land boundary of some 22.800 kilometers also have many neighbor such as Russia, North Korea, Vietnam, Laos, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Nepal, Tajikistan, Mongolia. At the same time, the mainland coastline measures about 18,000 kilometers with a flat topography, and there are many excellent docks and harbours, most of them are ice-free all year round (Jinyan, 2005). Most place of China all belong to the north temperature zone. Clear for seasons which suit for people to habitat. In addition as a big country with a vast territory, the nature resources and mineral resources are very rich, according to the director (2005) of China's National Development and Reform Commission said China is not only a consumer of...
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...Chinese President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang announced the AIIB initiative during their respective visits to Southeast Asian countries in October 2013. The Bank was envisaged to promote interconnectivity and economic integration in the region and cooperate with existing multilateral development banks. October, 2014, 22 Asian countries signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to establish the AIIB and Beijing was selected to host Bank headquarters. Mr. Jin Liqun was appointed as the Secretary General of the Multilateral Interim Secretariat. The AIIB didn’t attract much attention initially. For a period of time, the U.S. appeared to have put pressure on its allies not to join the bank, although President Obama went to great lengths to dismiss this notion in a joint press conference with Prime Minister Abe of Japan last month. Instead, President Obama stressed the U.S. concerns on the transparency in terms of how this multilateral lending institution is going to operate. Two months ago, heated discussions began when Britain, traditionally the closest ally of the United States, made the decision to join the AIIB. Three European nations–Italy, France and Germany–then followed in Britain’s steps, saying that they would join too. Status. Discussions among Prospective Founding Members (PFM) on the establishment of AIIB commenced in Kunming, China (27-28 November 2014), with a second meeting in Mumbai, India (15-16 January 2015) that launched discussions of the proposed...
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...Task: As a new export manager in a multinational company discuss how you can handle and overcome current economic challenges global challenges/ opportunities to meet the exports target. A perennial challenge facing all of the world's countries, regardless of their level of economic development, is achieving financial stability, economic growth, and higher living standards and by transmission desired level of exportation. There are many different paths that can be taken to achieve desired exportation, and every country's path will be different given the distinctive nature of international economies and political systems. The ingredients contributing to China's high exports growth rate over the past two decades have, for example, been very different from those that have contributed to high growth in countries as varied as Malaysia and Malta. Nonetheless, the bottom line has been their ability to take into advantage the current economic challenges. This paper explores approaches to overcoming the current global economic challenges and or opportunities to attain desired export targets. Yet, based on experiences throughout the world, several basic principles seem to underpin greater exportation prosperity. These include investment (particularly foreign direct investment), the adoption of modern technology, strong governance culture, sound macroeconomic policies, an educated workforce, and research and investment into emerging market economies. Furthermore, a common denominator...
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...and the Information Economy: Challenges and Opportunities for Africa1 Derrick L. Cogburn, Ph.D. University of Michigan School of Information and Global Information Infrastructure Commission – Africa Catherine Nyaki Adeya, Ph.D. United Nations University Institute for New Technologies Prepared as a working paper for the African Development Forum '99 24-28 October 1999, United Nations Conference Centre United Nations Economic Commission for Africa Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 1 Copyright © 1999 Derrick L. Cogburn (dcogburn@umich.edu) and Catherine Nyaki Adeya (nyaki@intech.unu.edu). This paper reflects the opinions of the authors and not necessarily those of the institutions represented. Comments on the paper are welcome, and an updated version can be found at: www.si.umich.edu/~dcogburn/info_econ.htm. and www.intech.unu Derrick L. Cogburn and Catherine Nyaki Adeya ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to thank the officers and staff at the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa for their untiring patience and assistance on the st preparation of this paper. Special thanks to the team organising the 1 African Development Forum. Dr. Cogburn would like to thank his colleagues at the Global Information Infrastructure Commission for their assistance and support on the paper. Also, at the University of Michigan, he thanks his friends and colleagues at the School of Information, the Alliance for Community Technology, and the Centre for AfroAmerican and African...
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...Research proposal of Project report on “Wealth management” Company: Ing Vysya bank ltd. * Objectives of Research 1. To study banking products and services 2. To study Wealth Management of ING Vysya Bank Ltd. 3. To propose different products for different kinds of customers as per their demographic characteristics. 4. To prepare a risk profile of customers. 5. To participate in promotional activities organise by bank. 6. To analyze whether Indian economic development is creating a broad and competitive wealth management market in India. 7. To discuss the factors that have acted as facilitators and obstructions for the growth of wealth management market in India. 8. From the above three objectives, to derive the potentiality and the future prospect of the wealth management industry in India. * Research Design During the tenure of the internship we are going to use Descriptive type of research design. Descriptive Research, also known as statistical research, describes data and characteristics about the population or phenomenon being studied. Descriptive research answers the questions who, what, where, and how…. Descriptive Research deals with everything that can be counted and studied. The description is used for frequencies, averages and other statistical calculations. Often the best approach, prior to write descriptive research, is to conduct a survey investigation. 1. What: I am going to meet existing customer...
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...OVERVIEW Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) occupy unique position in most of the countries especially in a developing country. They are a primary target for many countries desiring to stimulate economic growth and development. The SMEs sub-sector plays an increasingly dominant role in the technology assimilation and dissemination and in economic development in Bangladesh as well. In Bangladesh, SMEs playing a significant role for the development of our economy by creating employment opportunity and producing important alternative machines and machinery parts for saving huge foreign currency for our country. So as a part of our development strategy, we should intensify our efforts to develop this sector to grow industrial base and volume of foreign trade. As we know the in this age of globalization, it is impossible to stop the flow of foreign goods to any country. Only quality products can meet the challenges in global market. For meeting this situation SMEs need to upgrade their technological capabilities and production facilities in order to produce quality products at a competitive price. DEFINITION Small and medium enterprises or small and medium-sized enterprises (also: Small and Medium-sized Enterprises; acronym in the plural: SMEs; small and medium businesses or small and medium-sized businesses, acronym: SMBs; and variations thereof) are companies whose headcount or turnover falls below certain limits. Enterprises Fixed Capital Investment Employees Small ≤Tk...
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...Why did the US experience an economic boom in the 1950s and 1960s? The primary reason the US experienced an economic boom during the 1950s and 1960s was the effect that World War II had on the US economy. During World War II there was very low unemployment as many men were drafted into the military. Women and those remaining men got jobs in factories manufacturing arms for those fighting. Much of the money they earned was saved as there was little to spend it on during the war period. By 1945 $140 billion was held in private savings. These savings were used after the war to boost consumer spending. After the war the US economy grew as there was little damage to mainland USA and thus no money was spent on reconstructing factories, houses and public infrastructure as had to be done across the UK and mainland Europe. Due to the damage caused to Europe there was a large increase in US exports to Europe as European countries were unable to manufacture goods whilst they rebuilt their factories and infrastructure. The Marshall Plan was a programme for European recovery which gave European countries money to their economies. It is widely thought that the US did this partly for their own benefit. They knew that with this money European countries would buy goods from US factories as they needed to rebuild their factories, this would mean that jobs would be created as there was higher demand for goods. Investment in advancing technology would occur and more tax could be collected from...
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...Budapest Treaty with, then, the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic to initiate a large barrage project on an international watercourse, the Danube River. It was mutually understood that this project would improve shipping access and river navigability, reduce flooding, and produce much needed clean hydropower for both nation states. This project was an exciting endeavor to improve economic development in both our countries through the utilization of our shared watercourse. However, soon after work began on the project in 1978, new evidence emerged that there would be massive environmental consequences to the Danube because of the construction and operation of the System of Locks. The general public of Hungary held strong opposition to the continuation of the project as a direct response to environmental protection concerns. After several years of negotiations, we, the People’s Republic of Hungary, suspended our work on the project in 1989, eventually terminating the treaty in 1992, in the recognition that the environmental devastation would be too adverse to justify the potential economic development to be gained from the project. Slovakia, despite their knowledge of the potential and probable environmental devastation, unilaterally constructed and put into operation a modified system called “Variant C.” This new project, which did not reflect the terms of the Budapest Treaty of 1977, drastically reduced the flow of the Danube River, a shared resource, downstream, greatly...
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...Development is a complex issue, with many different and sometimes contentious definitions. A basic perspective equates development with economic growth. The United Nations Development Programme uses a more detailed definition- according to them development is 'to lead long and healthy lives, to be knowledgeable, to have access to the resources needed for a decent standard of living and to be able to participate in the life of the community. We have to identify some of these obstacles and discuss them in line with how it can be changed for development of the third World; POLITICAL AND GOVERNMENTAL BARRIERS; Governments and political institutions play an important role in the economic development process even in capitalist countries. While early experiences with economic development, such as England's experience during the 18th century, did not involve a large role for government, the role played by the government has steadily increased in importance. At the current time, if a government is unable or unwilling to play an active role in the economic development process, then the government itself is considered an obstacle to economic development. SOCIAL BARRIERS; Economic development rides on the shoulders of entrepreneurs who venture to do things that benefit them and the society. Whether or not a society has a sufficient number of entrepreneurs to foster modern economic growth may depend on the society's values and structure. Many of the developed nations of today encouraged...
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...TERMS OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT The existence of statutory bodies has contributed a lot towards the development of Malaysia. Some of the developments can be seen in terms of social value and economic value. There are a number of statutory bodies in Malaysia that have contributed towards both the developments mentioned earlier. However, this report will only focus on three examples of statutory bodies in Malaysia, which consist of two statutory bodies that have contributed towards economic development and one statutory body that has contributed towards social development. ECONOMIC VALUE DEVELOPMENT Lembaga Tabung Haji Lembaga Tabung Haji is one of the many examples of statutory body that has contributed towards the development in terms of economic value in Malaysia. Lembaga Tabung Haji is an institution that was established with a focus on Islamic Finance in Malaysia. It was established in 1963. Lembaga Tabung Haji is the largest Islamic fund manager in Malaysia, with funds in excess of RM36 billion (Lembaga Tabung Haji, 2013). Lembaga Tabung Haji has 50 years of experience in terms of deposits, pilgrim services and operations, as well as investments. This many years of experience has strengthened its reputation in the country and proves that it is a very successful institution. Lembaga Tabung Haji has been striving for the economic empowerment of Muslims in Malaysia to leverage existing funds and resources. As a means to contribute towards the development of Malaysia’s...
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...scholar scientist, they can find what they need, and living in city, it is often easier to find work. As we all know, China is a developing country, so urbanization can quicken our pace to catch up with the developed country, urbanization also create many opportunities the unemployed. So these conveniences make people’s life more comfortable and easy. The research is about The Importance of Urbanization on Our Future. 1.1 Definition Urbanization generally refers to gather population to urban areas and rural areas into urban areas. Urbanization is the inevitable result of social and economic development and social progress. A national or regional urbanization level, showing its social and economic development level because the city is the economic center of regional development, to promote the development of the regional economy, and improve the level of regional economy and promote the development of the city 2.0 Findings 2.1 Impact of urbanization on the economy Urbanization of economy is described as the regional concentration of population and produces or benefit various activities. Because of the large number of people to focus on urbanization area, there have been frequent exchanges of people and diversification, so as to provide a market for some activities and even broader room for profits。For example, the emergence of urban large - scale entertainment venues and facilities, and so on. More is of special significance, the layout and construction of public...
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...The Development of Conservation in Theory and Practice In considering the issue of wildlife conservation, a link to development rises quickly to the surface. After all, the animals seemingly considered the most prized by the collective popular consciousness, such as primates, occur predominantly in tropical areas of the world considered by most to be “underdeveloped.” According to the United Nations Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs, the rate of growth in developed countries, mostly those located in Europe and America, between 2005 and 2050 is expected to remain relatively minimal, while the population of the developing world is projected to substantially increase, from 5.3 billion to 7.8 billion, over the same period of time (United Nations Population Division 2005, vi). This includes a more drastic increase in the world’s 50 least developed country (mostly located in Africa and Asia), where the number of inhabitants is projected to swell from 0.8 billion to 1.7 billion over the same period. As such, in putting together a theory for development more broadly and conservation more specifically, it is crucial that the link between societal growth and natural resource and wildlife degradation be explored. In the following discussion, I hope to accomplish a few things. First, I will consider development theory broadly, looking at its evolution through time and some popular contemporary critiques. Though development theory (as it stands...
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...INVESTMENT AFFECTS ECONOMIC GROWTH?” Current Status : FULLTIME STUDENT Program : AM110 Course : ECO 211 Does Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Affects Economic Growth? Foreign direct investment (FDI) is usually viewed as a channel through which for technology is able to spread from developed countries to developing countries. This frequently leads to the following question, does foreign direct investment (FDI contribute to economic growth? The answer to this is uncertain. In the theoretical literature, the role of FDI is that the carrier of foreign technology that can boost economic growth. However, the evidence is still divided. There are few issues which have long been debated and have not been resolved in the literature of development economics. The causal link of foreign direct investment (FDI) is one of them. There are findings which support that FDI tends to promote economic growth. FDI provides essential ingredients that are necessary for economic growth. By providing new production process, techniques, managerial skills and new varieties of capital goods, FDI promotes economic growth of the less developed countries (LDC). The transfer of new techniques and technology spill over from the subsidiaries of multinational to domestics firms and enhances economic growth. On the other hand, others found that FDI follow economic growth. Economic growth first provides necessary and conducive economic factors for...
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...two bonds auctions is a parable for the contrasting fortunes of near stagnant rich economies and fast growing emerging markets. twenty of the 82 econmics covered in the back pages of the Economist grew by 3% or more in the year to the latest quarter. only two, of these, Austria and Sweden, are from the traditional group of rich ones, such as Taiwan and Hong Kong. The IMF's the latest forecast is that emerging economies will grow by more than 6% in 2011 and 2012. But growth in the rich world is likely to be below 2%. The other half lives is the rotters economic news over that summer and depending euro-zones mess mean it is easy to forget that countries that now account for half the worlds output and most of its population are doing rather well. that is the focus of my special report on the world economy. But it is equally easy and unwise to think that cupid and trouble-free growth in the emerging economics is assured for years to come. It seems almost churlish to question the outlook for emerging markets after the great strides they have made China and India are twice as rich as they were a decade ago taking millions out of poverty. Nor is the good news confined battered the rich world dozens of emerging markets were growing at a faster rate than america the worlds leading economy. Yet the...
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