...Describe a Case The school to prison pipeline is a societal issue. The school to prison pipeline is also an issue in the field of social work as well. My case is based from Wilson article, (2014), Turning off the School-to-Prison Pipeline. As a social worker I will encounter many situations regarding adolescents having difficulties staying in school. The alarming factor of the school to prison pipeline is the disparity between racial groups, specifically black students. Wilson article discuss many issues with the school to prison pipeline and solutions. Research suggest that community interventions are the best solution to the school to prison pipeline (Wilson, 2014). For example, training teachers on different cultures and back grounds,...
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...relates to Occupational Therapy++ Overall, I feel that I have gained a lot of useful information from the text and lecture portion of this class that will help as I pursue a career in the occupational therapy field. Equally as important, was the hands-on lab portion of the class that has helped me to gain a greater understanding of the inherent makeup and inner workings of the physical body. The overall structure of the text book provided me with an understanding of basic concepts and terminologies in areas such as the chemistry of life, the cell, genetics, plant and animal forms and functions, and ecology. The end of chapter review questions helped me to develop a mindset of using a critical thinking process. When looking at the definitions of both occupational therapy and biology, it is easy to see how the two are related and how in most cases, biology is an essential factor in the need for an individual to receive occupational therapy....
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...PAPER Directly observed therapy and tuberculosis: how can a systematic review of qualitative research contribute to improving services? A qualitative meta-synthesis Jane Noyes1 & Jennie Popay2 Accepted for publication 29 September 2006 Jane Noyes DPhil MSc RN RSCN Professor of Nursing Research, Co-Convenor Cochrane Qualitative Research Methods Group University of Wales, Bangor, UK Jennie Popay MA Professor of Sociology and Public Health, Co-Convenor Cochrane Qualitative Research Methods Group Institute for Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK Correspondence to Jane Noyes: e-mail: jane.noyes@bangor.ac.uk 2 1 N O Y E S J . & P O P A Y J . ( 2 0 0 7 ) Directly observed therapy and tuberculosis: how can a systematic review of qualitative research contribute to improving services? A qualitative meta-synthesis. Journal of Advanced Nursing 57(3), 227–243 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.04092.x Abstract Title. Directly observed therapy and tuberculosis: how can a systematic review of qualitative research contribute to improving services? A qualitative meta-synthesis Aim. This paper reports the findings from a qualitative meta-synthesis concerning people with, or at risk of, tuberculosis, service providers and policymakers and their experiences and perceptions of tuberculosis and treatment. Background. Directly observed therapy is part of a package of interventions to improve tuberculosis treatment and adherence. A Cochrane systematic review of trials showed...
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...with mental disorders. This paper explores the purpose, history, andlimitations of the DSM diagnostic approach. A case study is provided and the DSM-IV-TR isused to diagnosis borderline personality disorder. The disorder is described and an empirically- based treatment plan is offered.2 Borderline Personality Disorder Borderline Personality Disorder: DSM Diagnosing and Empirically-Based TreatmentThe APA (2000) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is widelyused by mental health professionals. It provides a common language about psychopathologyamong clinicians, researchers, students, and other mental health professionals. Since its inceptioninto the field of mental health, it has made a huge impact on clinical practice, research, andeducation. Although it has advanced the field of mental health, there is still criticism of theDSM classification system. Despite its limitations, it continues to be considered an importantreference for mental health professionals. This paper will explore the DSM’s use within the fieldof psychopathology. Then it will be applied to a case study of a 15 year-old girl with mentalhealth concerns including a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder. Her symptoms will bedescribed, criteria for diagnosis will be applied, and a proposed treatment plan will be provided.DSMThe DSM-IV organizes mental disorders into multi-axial categories and providesresearch-based information on each mental disorder, including diagnostic features,...
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...I work as a community nurse and I have recently become intrigued about one of my patients requiring treatment for a leg ulcer. For the purpose of this assignment I shall call her MA, because as a nurse and a professional I have professional and ethical duty to protect patient identities (Quacker Nursing Council [QNC]2010). My rationale for selection of topic is that Leg ulcers (LU) cost this country’s health service an estimated 200million quars per year in hospitalisation fees for those individuals who do not have health insurance (Quacker Health Board [QHB] 2012, Wilson 2010). An outline of LU is provided in Appendix One, while Appendix two provides a synopsis of MA and her LU. Community nurses are increasingly seeing patients with LU as insurers only pay for three episodes of treatment for one condition (Medins 2011). This disadvantages those patients like MA, as if they have a long term or chronic condition they may not receive treatment or care and this in turn will raise the country’s morbidity and mortality rates. In the UK the Government provides all healthcare free at the point of delivery and prevention of ill- Health and patient’s taking responsibility for managing their own illness or disease is viewed as an important Public Health Strategy ( DH 2010). In this assignment I will discuss strengths and limitations of evidence based practice (EBP),sourcing different forms of evidence which will enable me to provide the best evidence-based practice I can for my patients...
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...Oral Oncology 50 (2014) 577–586 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Oral Oncology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/oraloncology Review ACR Appropriateness CriteriaÒ thyroid carcinoma Joseph K. Salama a,⇑, Daniel W. Golden b, Sue S. Yom c, Madhur Kumar Garg d, Joshua Lawson e, Mark W. McDonald f, Harry Quon g, John A. Ridge h, Nabil Saba i, Richard V. Smith j, Francis Worden k, Anamaria Reyna Yeung l, Jonathan J. Beitler m a Duke University, Durham, NC, United States University of Chicago Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States d Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States e Lexington Medical Center, West Columbia, SC, United States f Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States g Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States h American College of Surgeons, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States i American Society of Clinical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States j American College of Surgeons, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States k American Society of Clinical Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States l University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States m Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States b c a r t i c l e i n f o s u m m a r y The ACR Head and Neck Cancer Appropriateness Criteria Committee reviewed relevant medical...
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...phenomenon that a growing number of people with diverse cultural backgrounds exist in different organisations. The activities of human beings are heavily influenced by culture on various levels, e.g. individuals, nations and organizations, the influence of which also takes actions in investments trades and further relationships (Crossman, Bordia & Mills 2010). Organizational culture is one of the most important elements to achieve success. Defined by Barney (1986), organizational culture could be considered as the integration of value, belief, assumption, and symbols, and leads the development of a firm - to define its relevant employees, customers, suppliers, competitors, and related key factors. Brett, Behfar & Kern (2006) argued that multi-cultural groups usually fall into troubles on management. It would likely be difficult to refuse this opinion, and, definitely, this opinion makes good sense in some views. Cultural differences can leads to loss of productivity and can have negative impact on company moral. It is imperative that leaders need to learn more about how to manage a team with cultural differences. Not everyone has the skills in interacting with colleagues from other cultures, and language barrier would be one direct example that prevents communication and increase difficulties for related management issues. Language is a crucial factor to be regarded as providing accurate information to...
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...question. Computerised and manual searches of previous literature were used; refining searches by means of constantly re-evaluating inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Eight (8) articles were decided upon, seven (7) of which were quantitative and one (1) which was qualitative in design. Two main themes emerged from these articles, that of management strategies for leg ulcers and technique of applying compression bandages. Recommendations: Episodes of venous ulceration can be reduced with management strategies, such as graduated compression therapy with comprehensive technique. However, without further education for nurses and patients towards compression therapy, venous ulceration will prolong and management strategies will fail. Conclusion: Knowledge of compression bandaging technique needs to be increased through further training/education. KEY WORDS Compression Therapy • Prevention • Technique • Venous Leg Ulcer • Management INTRODUCTION The primary aim of this extended literature review is to locate and identify the most up to date best available evidence in relation to the focus question. This review will firstly articulate the reviewer’s rationale for choosing compression bandaging, as the aspect of practice to...
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...Association, 1994, pp. 64-65). Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder disrupts the process of learning in children as well as others in the classroom, home, and the workplace. Often, children demonstrating these behaviors are impetuous and reckless thereby disruptive in activities at home, school, and play whereby hindering the child’s or adult’s abilities to learn and perform. This paper will provide an explication of ADHD and the common symptoms along with the rates of managing, and reducing the symptoms implemented in three treatments in methods selected in treating the disorder. Furthermore, an analysis will explicate the neurophysiological underpinnings, and contemporary attitudes of the selected interventions video games, family therapy, and Ritalin. Cause and characteristics of ADHD The symptoms of ADHD affect three to five percent of children in the United States that serves as the leading cause of underachievement as well as school failures (Parksepp, 1998). In the past the disorder incurred numerous labels “such as,” hyperkinetic reaction, hyperactive syndrome, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, and a minimal dysfunction of the brain. Males “in contrast,” to females because of underdiagnosing are more likely to endure ADHD symptoms. Nevertheless, the disorder focuses more on controlling impulses rather than attention (Seminar notes Barkley). Although the causes are unknown “however,” experts contends that ADHD is a product of genetics whereby serving...
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...the past 10 years there's been a growing movement towards diverse treatments for schizophrenia other than the acknowledged role of medication as a treatment modality (Birchwood and Tarrier 1993). Developments in psychological theory have led to a number of innovative psychological treatments drawn from human experimental psychology such as behavioural and social psychology and cognitive science. Therapies based on cognitive behavioural theory have been rapidly developing, initially for the so called ‘neurotic disorders’ but in recent years evidence has accumulated to suggest that these cognitive behavioural approaches can be effective for those people suffering from psychosis ( Williams 1995). The aim of this assignment is to explore the basis of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and review its’ therapeutic application to schizophrenia. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) is an evolutionary paradigm that came about a from the merging of the established paradigm of behavioural therapy and contemporary cognitive therapy (Clarke and Fairburn 1997). Behavioural therapy historically focused on anxiety, phobic and obsessional disorders. Treatments were aligned to the learning theories of Pavlov and Skinner, anxieties and phobias were conceptualise to be conditioned fear responses, passively acquired and elicited by conditioned stimulii (Clarke and Fairburn 1997). A variety of techniques were employed to enable the client to ‘unlearn’ these acquired behaviours. These...
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...Forest University Department of Physician Assistant Studies 4/10/2009 I would like to thank everyone at Coy C. Carpenter library help and reference desks. To Ekatrina Zachry who translated the Russian research papers, thank you is the very least I can say for such an excellent job. I would like to tell my girls how proud I am of them and thank them for their patience, pictures, and prayers. You make it all worth the while. I would also like to thank my mother for her support, coming to help with the girls while I have been in school, and her motherly faith in me that never waivers. Most of all I want to thank my husband Clay Price for being an amazing pillar of strength, encouragement, patience, understanding, and love. I know I COULD NOT have done it without you. UA&F Low Energy Laser as a Treatment for Refractory Diabetic Leg and Foot Ulcers ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Diabetic leg and foot ulcers often lead to immobility, infection, and amputation, cost $7,000 to $40,000 per ulcer, and erode mental health and QOL. Lasers have been effectively utilized in medicine since the 60’s, from various surgical uses to the treatment of diseases. Although low-energy (also called low-power, low-level, and cold) laser therapy for “biostimulation” (or biomodulation) of ulcer healing has been studied extensively, quality data on diabetic wound healing is rare. This review seeks to evaluate the efficacy of laser therapy as an adjunct in healing of recalcitrant diabetic...
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...a wide variety of pediatric health conditions.”1 Despite lack of support by the medical and scientific community, chiropractic treatment of children is growing in popularity, and more chiropractors are specializing in “chiropractic pediatrics.” The International Chiropractic Association offers a post-graduate “Diplomate in Clinical Chiropractic Pediatrics” (DICCP) and publishes a “peer reviewed” Journal of Clinical Chiropractic Pediatrics. The diplomate syllabus is a 30-module, 360+ hours classroom course during weekends over a three-year period. There is no hospital training and no contact with diseased or injured children — only a “mandatory observational/training weekend at a chiropractic center for special needs children under multi-disciplinary care.”2 A post-graduate certification in chiropractic pediatrics (CICCP) can be earned after 180 hours of classroom instruction. In a June 2008 joint press release, the American Chiropractic Association’s (ACA) Council on Chiropractic Pediatrics and the Council on Chiropractic Pediatrics of the International Chiropractors Association (ICA) announced that the ICA’s Diplomate in Clinical Chiropractic Pediatrics (DICCP) is now recognized by the ACA and its council as the official credential for specialization in chiropractic pediatrics.3 Noting increasing public support for chiropractic treatment of children, a January 2009 press release from the...
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...Epidemiology Paper on Tuberculosis Tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), also known as TB, is a disease spread by respiratory inhalation of droplets that contain the bacteria. Tuberculosis is an ancient disease that has been traced back at least 9000 years. In 1882, Dr. Robert Koch was the first physician to describe Mycobacterium tuberculosis as the germ responsible for tuberculosis. However, treatment that was evidenced based was not put into practice until the 20th century. It is estimated that 2 billion people around the world are infected with the TB bacteria. Approximately 5 to 10 percent of these infected people will actual develop active TB and experience the life-threatening symptoms of the disease. Tuberculosis remains a deadly infection around the world claiming 1.7 million lives per year. TB is generally recognized as a respiratory disease but can also attack the brain and spine, circulatory system, gastrointestinal and genitourinary systems as well as the skin, bones and joints. (Furlow, 2010) The groups of people in the United States that are at risk of developing tuberculosis are those infected with HIV, the homeless, prisoners, poor individuals who live in urban areas, minorities such as African American’s, Hispanics and Asians. Healthcare workers are also at risk in the US and around the world. Countries outside of the US hardest hit by TB are in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Rates for infection among American born individuals has...
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...Postoperative pain Postoperative pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional discomfort associated with the tissue damage caused by the surgery. Postoperative pain management should include a precise and a systematic assessment to manage appropriately. Pain is an internal subjective experience which cannot be seen by others or detected by investigations. Therefore the postoperative pain assessment largely rely on the clients complain and should be ongoing, individualized and documented. As the etiology is clear in postoperative pain, a single dimensional pain scale, that measures the intensity of the pain, is usually used that rates the pain out of 10 through the clients self-reporting. In some cases a multi-dimensional pain scale is used...
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...Annals of Internal Medicine Clinical Guidelines Screening Mammography in Women 40 to 49 Years of Age: A Systematic Review for the American College of Physicians Katrina Armstrong, MD, MSCE; Elizabeth Moye, BA; Sankey Williams, MD; Jesse A. Berlin, ScD; and Eileen E. Reynolds, MD Background: The risks and benefits of mammography screening among women 40 to 49 years of age remain an important issue for clinical practice. Purpose: To evaluate the evidence about the risks and benefits of mammography screening for women 40 to 49 years of age. Data Sources: English-language publications in MEDLINE (1966 – 2005), Pre-MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and references of selected studies through May 2005. Study Selection: Previous systematic reviews; randomized, controlled trials; and observational studies. Data Extraction: Two independent reviewers. Data Synthesis: In addition to publications from the original mammography trials, 117 studies were included in the review. Metaanalyses of randomized, controlled trials demonstrate a 7% to 23% reduction in breast cancer mortality rates with screening mammography in women 40 to 49 years of age. Screening mammography is associated with an increased risk for mastectomy but a decreased risk for adjuvant chemotherapy and hormone therapy. The risk for death due to breast cancer from the radiation exposure involved in mammography screening is small and is outweighed by a reduction in breast cancer mortality...
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