...Nichols College | Sport Seminar Final Research Paper | Professor Hendrick | | Sean Fleming | 4/29/2014 | | Abstract This is my final research paper in conclusion to my studies in the Sports Management program at Nichols College. This is a research study on the use of professional athletes from American sports leagues in the Olympic Games. Table of Contents Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….page 1 Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………………………………………………page 2 List of Tables and Figures………………………………………………………………………………………………….page 3 Chapter I: Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………page 4 Chapter II: Review of Literature Chapter III: Research Methodology Chapter IV: Results Chapter V: Discussion and Conclusions References Appendices Tables and Figures Chapter I: Introduction This purpose of this study will pertain to whether the use of professional athletes from American sports leagues in the Olympic Games is a good or bad idea. Currently, players from the National Hockey League (NHL), National Basketball Association (NBA), Major League Soccer (MLS), Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA) and the Professional Golfers Association (PGA TOUR) are allowed to participate in the Summer and Winter Olympic Games by their respective leagues. There are many problems that have arisen from the allowance of professionals in the Olympics. They range from injuries to star players, financial impacts on the leagues, shutdown of schedules...
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...Analysis of Business Specialties Paper Analysis of Business Specialties Paper Analysis of Business Specialties Paper TD Sports Consultants (Essie) This paper will describe the consulting firm that was chosen by team D and address several issues or problems that the consulting firm may encounter. It will also give a description of the services that will be offered by TD sports consultants. Finally, the paper will explain the why the consulting firm is well suited to the skills of the team D’s members. The team members agreed on the name TD Sports Consultants. This particular name was chosen because it was inclusive of all the team members’ and their skills and ideas. Because most of the team members are sports fans, it was suiting that we named a sports consulting firm after the founders. The purpose of the consulting firm is to help sport teams locate sponsors that can come up with innovative ideas and advertisements to promote their products. The firm will produce results that are not being filled by marketing companies. The strategy of TD Sports Consultants is to find out why other companies are not getting the desired results and to fill the gap by providing the needed services to the teams. Description of the TD Sports Consultants (Wally) Sports marketing is an industry worth billions (Kuriloff, 2007) in the US annually. Franchises have marketing departments to improve the perception of their team as well as advertising salespeople to...
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...Contact Sports Head/Body Injuries Research Paper November 19, 2013 Down, Set, Hut, Hut! The ball snaps, and everyone clashes into each other like warriors in battle. This is what we love about the game of football. While we are enjoying this rugged game, behind the scenes there are players in pain on and off of the field. From them having concussions to broken toes, or in other words from head to toe, every game possibly being there last one depending on the extremity of their next injury they still continue to play and entertain us. In this paper we are going to journey through some of those injuries and issues due to this sport we love and how we could help solve it, and help these athletes we love so much be able to stay in the game of football a little longer. To start off, although we’re just focusing on NFL, I have to let you know it’s not just affecting them, but the little ones we having playing this sport as well. In an article I read entitled, “Hits to the Head Don’t Differ in Age, Research Indicates”, it says that more 25,000 kids ranging from ages 8 to 19 are taken to the emergency room seeking treatment for concussions each year (Belson, 2013). This goes to say that although we enjoy when the adults are doing all this physical contact, but when it’s our own kids do we feel the same way? Well, in this case think of those NFL players as you do your children. What if they could never play again, on or off of the field? In reading another article by Sabrina Rogers...
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...Dylan Gardner May 6, 2013 Intro to Sociology Per. IV San Giovanni Social Movement Research Paper Whether or not an individual would like to accept the fact, the Gay Rights Movement has taken the United States by storm in the last one hundred years and has receied many influential, popular, and famous new advocates. America as a whole is a very sports driven country. Pride is taught to be based off of ones accomplishments in the American society. What better place to accomplish masterful feats than in sports? With that being said, many athletes and sport icons have shown their support thus helping the Gay Rights Movement along immensely in recent years. Through the use of these iconic figures and their ability to voice opinions to large amounts of fans, the Gay Rights movement has progressed through multiple key stages almost making homosexuality not be something to fear, but rather something as normal as a heterosexual relationship. On December 10, 1924 America was just beginning the movement we all understand today as the Gay Rights Movement. Henry Gerber of Chicago, Illinois founded the Society for Human Rights that would later go on to publish the first American publication for homosexuals named Friendship and Freedom. Unfortunately, due to political pressure the society had to disband. The movement just began there. As many other movements Gay Rights had just hit its first bump in the road metaphorically speaking. Previous to advances in science...
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...Students learn the format of the AP test, essay rubric and essay structure. ▪ Students take a full-length AP test for comparison purposes in the spring. Reading: The Scarlet Letter – Nathaniel Hawthorne Writing: Answer the following question in one paragraph. Use quotes from the novel as evidence. Some readers believe that the elaborate decoration that Hester embroiders on the scarlet letter indicates her rejection of the community’s view of her act. Do you agree or disagree? Explain your position using evidence from the text. (test grade) Writing: Write a well-developed essay addressing the following prompt. Document all sources using MLA citation. Compare Hester to a modern day person who has been shunned. Provide at least two research sources for the other person. (project grade) Reading: “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” Jonathan Edwards Analyzing: SOAPSTONE and cannons of rhetoric Reading: Teacher Introduction Essay Writing: Students and teacher evaluate where each student’s writing is and where it needs to be by analyzing students’ introductory...
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...Participating in Team Sports Helps to Develop Good Character Good Character Professor Good Character Participating in team sports helps to develop good character. Why? Because studies on sports participation have found that sports have a positive influence on character buildings. Sporting activities instill a certain leadership quality that enables athletes with the abilities to assist, motivate, and develop others in need of special guidance. The positive character traits such as personality and social responsibility was believed can and should be taught and learned in a sport and physical activity setting (Omar-Fauzee, 2012). An active involvement in sports can help individuals to learn skills, sportsmanship, strategies, commitment, respect and disciplines. In sports, while training hard mentally and physically, the traits referenced above reflect heavily upon the developmental process of having good character. Given an in depth analysis on why participating in team sports helps to develop good character, the strategies of these traits will be suggested throughout this paper. If you take great athletes such as Michael Jordan or Kobe Bryant, these basketball players had to prepare themselves mentally and physically before every game that they have played and by displaying self determination and discipline they were able to lead their teams to multiple National Basketball Association (NBA) Championships. Without good leadership qualities and good character, you...
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...possibility of servant leadership and transformational leadership helping administrations and their organizations navigate the current sports’ culture and help them return their programs to a reputable state. This literature review will begin by identifying and explaining the current state of youth, high school, and collegiate...
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...Celebrity Advertising: Literature Review and Propositions Peter Yannopoulos* In this paper we review several studies in the area of celebrity advertising. Topics include, why companies use celebrity advertising, achieving the right fit between the brand and the celebrity, the use of athletes as spokespeople, financial considerations of celebrity advertising, and potential risks of celebrity advertising. Next, we develop several propositions and discuss the conclusions and managerial implications of the research. Field of research: Celebrity advertising, Celebrity endorsers, Sponsorship, Celebrity spokespeople 1. Introduction A celebrity endorser is “an individual who is known to the public (actor, sports figure, entertainer, etc) for his or her achievements in areas other than that of the product class endorsed” (Friedman & Friedman 1979). Sponsorship is defined as “providing support for and associating the organization‟s name with events, programs, or even people such as athletes or teams” (Peter & Donnelly 2006). Corporations have chosen both sponsorship and celebrity endorsement as means to increase exposure and brand awareness, as well as reposition their products. The terms celebrity endorsement and sponsorship will be used interchangeably in this report. It has been estimated that about 10% of the dollars spent on television advertising are used in celebrity endorsement advertisements (Agrawal & Kamakura 1995). Because of its importance, it is imperative for managers...
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...Vol. 6, No. 2. ISSN: 1473-8376 www.heacademy.ac.uk/hlst/resources/johlste PRACTICE PAPER Activist, Pragmatist, Reflector or Theorist? In Search of Postgraduate Learning Styles in Tourism and Hospitality Education Rong Huang (rong.huang@plymouth.ac.uk) and Graham Busby (gbusby@plymouth.ac.uk) University of Plymouth, Plymouth Business School, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA ©Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education Abstract Provision of higher education for international students has become an important source of income for British universities. These students have attracted some research attention. This paper considers the learning styles adopted by postgraduate students at one British higher education institution. It is based on their approaches to a specific assignment relating to Krakow, Poland, and utilises multiple methods of data collection. Results from utilising the Learning Styles Questionnaire are presented and tentative conclusions drawn. It is argued that a didactic approach is not sufficient on its own and that assignments need to play to the individual’s personal characteristics where possible. Keywords: Learning styles; International students Introduction The provision of education and training services for people from overseas has become an increasingly important source of income for certain countries, including the UK (Mazzarol, 1998; Mazzarol and Soutar, 1999; 2002). International and particularly non-EU students have inevitably attracted...
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...Role of Sports in Popular American Culture Our group will cover the world of sports and its effects on pop culture. The sports that will be focused on are the NBA, NHL, MLB, And the NFL. In our discussion we will cover why athletes are considered role models and if they should be. Also we will discuss the debate of why many athletes make millions of dollars before even playing a game and if they are actually being overpaid. Throughout the paper we will explain how pop culture effects why these players get paid what they do by ratings and popularity of the sport. We research why teams take risks on players risking millions of dollars when that money could go back to the fans. In looking at major sports in America in referencing professional athletes as role models . Yes, we know how much money they make and what type of endorsement deals they get; what types of clothing they wear in to the locker rooms before/after the games and to press conferences; if they have of the field incident it is known to the public via media outlets; These athletes are looked up to for the skills possess during the sporting event. These people are great athletes again they are not recognized for what they do off the field of play. Most of Americans all ages that compete in sports copy some type body movement; buy a piece of equipment; develop a swagger that is influenced by professional athletes through which is seen during the time the time competition. These athletes are not recognized for time...
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...Pee-wee sports leagues are very popular in our society. Growing up, I have noticed that it has always been popular for parents to sign their kids up to participate in sports like soccer, dance, tee ball, and gymnastics at a very young age. Children appear to enjoy their participation since they get to make new friends and learn how to play a new game. However, around the time a kid exits the childhood phase of life and enters the early adolescence phase (at approximately 11 years) participation in sport decreases dramatically, especially in female adolescents. In a statistical overview of sport and recreation participation by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (2012), it was found that female participation rates dropped by 9.7% between...
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...Nike MKTG305-1301B-01 Marketing Management Project Type: Unit 4 Individual Project April 28, 2013 Abstract This paper will discuss the importance of branding. It will also focus on the history of Nike and how this company has been successful in their marketing efforts and their chosen celebrity endorsers. Introduction A product’s brand name has become an extremely important factor. It is the deciding factor in consumers’ final decision of whether or not to purchase a product or service. The brand in today’s market Prior to Nike, there were two visionary men, Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight, who pioneered a revolution in athletic footwear that redefined the industry ("Nike, Inc.:History," ). After years of their ideas being ignored, they established a partnership and convinced Japan to allow them to become U.S. distributors of Japan’s Tiger shoe which in turn opened the door to allow Bowerman to make changes to the Tiger shoe to make it a light weight and better. This led to the establishment of Nike. By 1971, there was a third individual, Jeff Johnson, the first full time employee, who created the marketing materials for Nike. Brand is clearly defined as a promise to the consumer which tells them what to expect from the products and services being offered and how it differentiates from competitors it is the basis for sales and incorporating a committed customer base. The American Marketing Association (AMA) defines brand as one of the following: * Name ...
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...Executive Summary . 5 Introduction . 8 Methods 10 Conceptual Definitions . 10 Inclusion Criteria . 10 Identification of Studies that Met the Inclusion Criteria . 11 Classification of Studies . 11 Study Coding Process . 12 Data Analysis . 13 Results . 14 School-Based Physical Education Studies . 16 Recess Studies . 19 Classroom Physical Activity Studies . 21 Extracurricular Physical Activity Studies . 24 28 Summary . Overall Findings . 28 Findings for Physical Activity by Context . 29 Findings by Gender, Other Demographic Characteristics, and Research Design . 30 Strengths and Limitations of Review . 30 Implications for Future Research or Evaluation . 31 Implications for Schools . 32 References . 34 Appendices . 39 Appendix A: Database Search Terms . 39 Appendix B: Coding Sheet...
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...College Athlete Compensation: Primary Research Review Phillip Richard Cross Oakland University Rochester, MI Abstract This primary research paper explores the topic of college athletics, and if student athletes receive fair compensation for their sporting services. As to how this question was answered, it was conducted with two separate interviews. One of them was with Ben Anderson, my former varsity basketball coach, and also Matt Okaiye, a close friend who plays college football at Michigan State. The main findings of this research was that college athletes receive a great deal of fair compensation, as scholarships and publicity are the primary focus to why. For athletic scholarships, we see that the student athletes receive numerous amnesties and benefits that compensate them extremely well. Publicity is the same way, as the athletes have a large amount of attention on them which leads to economic and compensated value. This research will ultimately lead to the final project which will be on the argument that college athletes should not be paid. College Athlete Compensation The notion of paying college athletes has been an ongoing debate for decades. With college sports continuing to gain popularity and revenue increasing for the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), people have questioned whether college athletes should be benefited beyond their athletic scholarships. The question is, do college athletes receive fair enough compensation for their services...
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...the potential neurological consequences of playing football and what is currently being done to prevent neurological injuries? The first thing I would say is that while football is certainly fun and entertaining to watch, the human body was not designed to handle the frequent hard hits to the body and head as a result of playing the sport. Unfortunately these professional athletes end up suffering from brain damage as a result of our thirst and fascination for hard hits and violence. I would explain that while football helmets seem safe, they truly only provide very minimal protection against concussions that cause the brain to bounce, shake and rotate back and forth hitting against the wall of the human skull as a result of frequent football tackles that appear harmless to those watching the sport. To ensure the message hits home, I would bring up examples of their favourite former NFL players such as Hall of Famer Mike Webster who actually suffered neurological effects of playing the sport. It is important to highlight the most severe consequences first, which is that playing football can cause severe trauma to the brain as a result of multiple concussions that these athletes regularly experience. This trauma starts to destroy the integrity of the brain cells, causing a degenerative brain disease known as Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE). High levels of CTE in a football player’s brain can result in memory loss, agitation and even increased anger management issues. It...
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