...Chapter 14 Mendel and the Gene Idea Lecture Outline Overview • Every day we observe heritable variations (such as brown, green, or blue eyes) among individuals in a population. • These traits are transmitted from parents to offspring. • One possible explanation for heredity is a “blending” hypothesis. ° This hypothesis proposes that genetic material contributed by each parent mixes in a manner analogous to the way blue and yellow paints blend to make green. ° With blending inheritance, a freely mating population will eventually give rise to a uniform population of individuals. ° Everyday observations and the results of breeding experiments tell us that heritable traits do not blend to become uniform. • An alternative model, “particulate” inheritance, proposes that parents pass on discrete heritable units, genes, that retain their separate identities in offspring. ° Genes can be sorted and passed on, generation after generation, in undiluted form. • Modern genetics began in an abbey garden, where a monk named Gregor Mendel documented a particulate mechanism of inheritance. A. Gregor Mendel’s Discoveries 1. Mendel brought an experimental and quantitative approach to genetics. • Mendel discovered the basic principles of heredity by breeding garden peas in carefully planned experiments. • Mendel grew up on a small farm in what is today the Czech Republic. • In 1843, Mendel entered an Augustinian monastery. • He...
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...to deal with. My mother’s name is Pamela. She has no education. All she did was to keep a roof over our head and food in our bellies. Josh remembers at one point in time she had three jobs to support us. At the time, Josh had no understanding of what it took to raise four kids without having support from their father. Josh has two brothers and one sister. His sister’s name is Ebony. Then there’s Joe the oldest boy and Jason is the youngest. Josh was in the middle. We would move at least once a year until finally we moved out of the hood. Josh never had any white friend until he moved to area that had more white then black. These weren’t your blue or white collar kind fork but more of the hillbilly type. His mom’s main goal was to get her and her kids out of the hood, and she did. Josh attended Hyde Park Elementary school. My previous school had been mainly black kids; however, this school had mainly white kids. In elementary school I was completely lost in must subjects, but Josh seemed to do well in math. The school was in walking distance. The first time Josh failed was in the second grade. After he failed, some genius, maybe my teacher, decided to put him in Exceptional Student Education Classes (ESE). Although it is mostly recognized in relation to students with disabilities (physical, mental, emotional, etc.,), it is truly meant for all students outside the "average" student (including gifted students). ESE is really a very large umbrella...ranging from...
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...ethnologists who have always been interested in the exceptional people of Papua New Guinea. They shed light on the people of Jajau in their movie "Letter to the Dead" which was filmed in December 1999 and January 2000. This was due to the rumors that were widespread at the time that included the return of the dead and of Christ on the eve of the new millennium. The film aims to encourage reflection on the relationship between the West and the third world countries and how the people of Jajau view Whitemen. Moreover, the movie discusses the beliefs, customs, traditions, rituals and values of the inhabitants of Papua New Guinea and draws attention to new ideas and a unique mentality that may seem bizarre and new to modernized people. In Jajau, most citizens believe that their parents will return from the dead and they always preach their resurrection in churches and perform rituals to honor them and communicate with them. They call these rituals “pondos“. Pondos are taken very seriously in the orokaivan culture. It involves dancing, praying for the dead, exchanging gifts and the person who hosts the pondo has to feed everyone who is invited. During the ritual pigs are usually carved on the platform. Food and clothing are also a huge issue in Papua new Guinea; they have a lot of food such as taros, bananas, coconuts and pigs but the have no money to afford soap. They believe Whitemen are the wealthy people. Another important belief that used to be greatly valued in...
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...even before the modern concept of ‘accounting’, as understood by modern man, existed. Man’s drive to measure and record his surroundings required more and more complex means in order to do so (Gleeson-White 11). This drive to more complex recording techniques led to writing, a numeric system, the spread of arithmetic, and created a standard system in an effort to ease international trade. The scope of this paper will focus on the realization of double-entry bookkeeping, a major branch of accounting. Double-entry bookkeeping (DEB) is defined as an accounting system that recognizes both sides of a transaction using equal amounts of debits and credits. Unlike a single-entry system, it tells the whole story of a transaction (Gleeson-White 11). In order to understand how DEB came into existence, one must reflect on history. As stated earlier, man’s natural drive to measure and record events around him led to arguably one of the biggest single leaps in human civilization - writing. Professor Denise Schmandt-Besserat discovered this link between writing and accounting in 1969. Schmandt-Besserat asserts this about her discovery: “the origin of writing is no longer a mystery…contrary to all expectations [no one would have] guessed that writing derived from counting” (Gleeson-White 10). Schmandt-Besserat was researching small, three-dimensional clay figures of varying geometric shapes other archaeologists had discarded and left languishing in storage. After grouping these...
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...learning material for children as young as 3 years old. Her mathematical materials allow the children to begin their mathematical journey from a concrete concept to abstract idea”. With reference to the above statement please discuss how these children utilize their mathematical mind as part of their natural progression, to reason, to calculate and estimate with these Montessori mathematical materials in conjunction with their aims and presentations? The child doesn’t learn mathematics only through Montessori, but he learns it from the day he was born or even before that. It is a known fact that an embryo can hear its mother. When a mother says ‘the baby kicked me 4 times’, the baby can understand this in her womb. After the baby is born people often tell him what day he was born or how many siblings he has, etc. The child’s day-to-day life and environment is connected with math. The child is born into a mathematic world where he has to adapt to it. The child needs math to sort and group objects within their environment. When the child enters the Montessori environment, he can already count without knowing the real meaning of the numbers (rote-counting). He counts with understanding of numbers and gradually learns arithmetic’s, geometry and algebra in the Montessori classroom. ‘The Mathematical Mind’ refers to the unique tendencies of the human mind. The French philosopher B. Pascal said that ‘every human being is born with a mathematical mind’. Dr. Montessori took this concept...
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...Increased by Add, added to Plus More than Example of Word Phrase Addition the sum of 5 and 12 the total price of three items: $5, $12, and $25 If there were 7 blue cars, 12 red cars, and 5 white cars, how many were there all together? increase 16 by 3 29 increased by 7 13 added to 12 17 plus 8 Diane had $13 more than Tina who had $45. How much did Diane have? Translated into Symbols 5 + 12 or 12 + 5 $5 + $12 + $25 (in any order) 7 + 12 + 5 (in any order) 16 + 3 29 + 7 13 + 12 17 + 8 or or or or 3 + 16 7 + 29 12 + 13 8 + 17 $45 + $13 or $13 + $45 Subtraction Subtract from, subtracted from Difference Left, remaining How much more; How much more than Decrease; decreased by Minus Fewer Less Less than Multiply, multiplied by Product Times Of As many as Twice subtract 8 from 19 8 subtracted from 19 the difference between 14 and 7 Of 9 items, 6 were used. How many are left? A psychology book costs $49 and a math book costs $63. How much more does the math book cost? decrease 37 by 9 or 37 decreased by 9 41 minus 14 11 bottles fewer than the 32 started with $15 less an $8 discount 15 less than 45 19 – 8 14 – 7 9–6 $63 – $49 37 – 9 41 – 14 32 – 11 $15 – $8 45 – 15 5 • 8 or 8 • 5 12 • 6 or 6 •12 17 • 3 or 3 • 17 ½ • 16 or 16 • ½ 0.6 • 1200 # of dogs = 4/5 • (# of cats) 2 • 15 or 15 • 2 Multiplication multiply 5 by 8 or 5 multiplied by 8 the product of 12 and 6 17 times 3 one half of 16 six tenths of 1200 SCC students 4/5 as many dogs as cats twice 15 Division Divide, divided by, divide...
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...sociological viewpoint gives race as basically a social category and examines race relations with reference to societal constructions and development. According to Philomena Eased in her book Understanding Everyday Racism, “The specific forms racism takes are determined by the economic, political, social, and organizational conditions of society.” Many people are unaware of racism; people may ask how racism is incorporated in our lives? Why do blacks even believe that individuals are racist towards them? These are constant questions that maybe aren’t asked but definitely questioned. The answer is control. Control is the factor to racism. The more you can bring a group down and make them feel belittled, the easier it is to control them. Now let’s take a look at the history of slavery with blacks. It all started in Jamestown, Virginia which is where the first slave ships had entered in August of 1619. While blacks became upset because of being enslaved as an indentured servant they started to revolt against the white supremacy. Revolts happened in New York in 1712 and another in South Carolina in 1739. With the revolts happening, the white supremacy feels as if they needed to change laws to make it to where blacks have stricter laws. The bad part is that these laws applied to slaves as well as “free negroes” at that time. This, like I said before, puts blacks under control giving...
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...It is an image of a military map of Iraq which was source materials from declassified government archives made available to people in general under the landmark Freedom of Information Act of 1966. At that time, huge numbers of the archives contain topic that is considered too sensitive for the general society to see, and parts of these reports have been redacted, or black out by government censors. Holzer found the records with the assistance of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) which makes formerly classified data accessible on its site. The Redaction Paintings incorporate handprints of American soldiers that were accused of crimes such as detainee abuse and assault, correspondence related to detainee interrogation, and maps from the US military that propose procedures for the intrusion of Iraq. However now, this map has been screen-printed onto a linen canvas...
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...particularly on the neck, fever, joint pain, rashes, diarrhea, sore throat, muscle soreness, as well as mouth and/or genital ulcer (HIV/AIDS, 2011). Therefore, it appears to be somewhat an ordinary flu but continues for over a month or more once the virus enters the body. There will also be inflammation. Human Immunodeficiency Virus is most commonly known with the use of its acronym, HIV. On the other hand, AIDS stands for Acquired immune Deficiency Syndrome. Although both are often used interchangeably, contrary to popular belief, these two differ from each other. Among others, an important distinction that should be known by most people is that the immune system of a person suffering from HIV slowly deteriorates, making it impossible for the body to defend itself from such virus. This is done by the HIV virus through attacking the defense cells found in the white blood cells, the third line of defense of the body against bad viruses, in the body which are called killer cells, and are the T helper and the CD4 cells (What is HIV/AIDS?, 2011). “HIV is not destructing the critical components of the body’s immune...
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...cholera, chlamydia and peptic ulcer diseases give an account of the second class of microbial diseases. Fungal diseases such as athlete’s foot and Dutch elm disease form the third class whereas protozoan diseases occupy the fourth place in the division and consist of diseases such as malaria, giardiasis, and cryptosporidiosis. According to the World Health Organization (2004) an epidemic refers to a rapid spread of infectious diseases to affect large numbers of people in a given location. For example, the spread of meningococcal infection. Endemic diseases are infections with the ability to remain constant in a given region without the need for external inputs such as malaria and chicken pox. In addition, pandemics are diseases that spread throughout in a human population across a large region to cover the whole world. Examples include HIV/AIDS, smallpox, and Tuberculosis. On December 29, 2014 a famous and trusted news source known as CBSNEWS announced malaria as a forgotten epidemic that killed thousands of people in West Africa compared to Ebola. News...
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... In 2008, the first African-American man, Barack Obama, was elected into the presidential office. In the upcoming election, a woman, Hilary Clinton will run for the presidential office. These major events in history would have never been possible without the passing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. I think the most interesting person is my timeline is Anne Sullivan and how she became known as “the miracle worker”. Anne Sullivan had vision problems of her own and she began to work with Helen Keller when Helen was just 7 years old. Anne Sullivan had to work hard to figure out a way to communicate with Keller. Anne Sullivan successfully began a hand system where Sullivan was able to teach Keller vocabulary words, multiplication, and the Braille system within six months of her arrival. After a few years of working together, they began to work on Helen Keller’s speech and although...
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...HUMA205-1201A-11 Art Appreciation January 8, 2012 American Intercontinental University Online Abstract This document formed on behalf of the requester shows the various forms of art as surmised by the author and attempts to define and relate the contents in a meaningful way. The art used in example is well known and has been exhibited or under exhibit in national museums currently. HUMA205-1201A-11 Art Appreciation Dictionary.com defines Art as “the quality, production, expression, or realm, according to aesthetic principles, of what is beautiful, appealing, or of more than ordinary significance.” Similarly the course material states “Within this book a work of art is the visual expression of an idea or experience, formed with skill, through ones use of a medium.” (Frank, P. 2011) It should be noted that a medium could be any medium or media being multiple mediums. The Internet Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines the adjective form of Art as “produced as an artistic effort or for decorative purposes.” or the noun as “the conscious use of skill and creative imagination especially in the production of aesthetic objects; also : works so produced.” Painting A fine example of a recognized painting which currently is housed in the Museum of Modern Arts in New York is Salvador Dali, The Persistence of Memory, 1931, painted oil on canvas represented below. This painting has been a favorite of the authors for many years. (Dali, S. 1931) Dali used creative...
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...McKinley STEM Academy is one example of how students from marginalized communities are being “othered” by the education system. They could not help their circumstances but they were treated as bad children or incapable of being taught, which wasn’t true. I spent a whole academic year teaching them a lot about the Holocaust, multiplication, and grammar. In conclusion, I believe that if students are in an environment where they feel wanted and accepted, then their attitudes and behaviors will reflect that. After a while, my children at Linden McKinley found detention to be the cool hangout spot after school every Wednesday because what my colleagues and I did was provide a safe space for them where they felt they could be themselves and not be “othered.” For my master’s project, I am interested in studying college students rather than primary and secondary school children. One reason being that college students are more accessible to me and it would be a more feasible project to complete during the remaining of my time at UNCC. But, also because similar to how primary and...
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...lot of things are opposite, such as white is opposite with black, and the chaos is opposite with quiet. Recently I read an article called the daily grind: lessons in the hidden curriculum. This is an article describing behaviors and appearance of boys and girls in the class and after class. There are a lot of oppositions in this article and they are wonderful to compare with. In the following pages I am going to talk about the three oppositions in this article. They are the appearances and behaviors of boys and girls before and in class starting. Secondly the seats that girls and boys choose to sit. Finally the performances boys and girls perform in the class. To begin with, the appearances and the behavior girls and boys perform before class and in the class. Amy Wilkinson is a bold and brassy girl, and she is also strong willed. According to the book “she is fuller-figured than she would like to be, wide-hipped and heavy-limbed with curly blond hair, cornflower-blue eyes, and a sharply upturned nose. With the help of her mother, who is a drama coach, she has become the school’s star actress: last year she played Eliza in Weston’s production of My Fair Lady.” from this description, I can see that Amy is a really outgoing girl in front of her friends, because of two reasons. One is she is good looking, and from the hidden curriculum of school, which good looking girls are popular in school. Second is she loves drama and entertain people. Thus in my opinion she must be outgoing...
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...disabilities or language spoken. Opponents of NCLB, which includes all major teachers' unions, allege that the act hasn't been effective in improving education in public education, especially high schools, as evidenced by mixed results in standardized tests since NCLB's 2002 inception. Opponents also claim that standardized testing, which is the heart of NCLB accountability, is deeply flawed and biased for many reasons, and that stricter teacher qualifications have exacerbated the nationwide teacher shortage, not provided a stronger teaching force. Some critics believe that the federal government has no constitutional authority in the education arena, and that federal involvement erodes state and local control over education of their children (White). My position on the NCLB mandate is of the opponent. However, I don’t agree that education is not improving; rather, I believe that it is being curbed by tests. I am employed at a High impact school in Guilford County. On last week, we were told that we would go through a reform on next year, very similar to that of Oak Hill Elementary. The kindergarten through fifth grade classroom teachers will have to reapply for their positions after this school year because our students did not make AYP this past year or for...
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