...Observing Verbal and Nonverbal Behaviors Mary Garcia Capella University COM-FP3200 Winter 2016 Introduction Nonverbal cues and behaviors are a very important part of communication. These things shape the person we are as well as our style of communicating. Research has estimated that nonverbal communication accounts for up to 93 percent of communication meaning. Two important things to remember are as follows: 1. Nonverbal communication is all elements of communication other than words. 2. Scholars state that the majority of meaning comes from nonverbal behaviors (Wood & Bodey, p. 94). Nonverbal Behavior between Men and Women In observing conversations between men and women, women will nod their heads to indicate that they are listening, whereas men will usually only nod their heads showing that they agree with what was said. Men are surprised later to find that the woman actually disagreed with him because she was nodding her head. Women can interpret the lack of nodding as an indicator that he was either not listening or was disinterested in what she was stating (Lieberman, 2016, para. 6). I have personally experienced this in my relationship with my significant other. The lack of eye contact or any verbal or nonverbal response leads me to believe he isn’t listening. Sometimes this is true but other times he is listening, he just doesn’t give me the nonverbal or verbal cues that he is actively listening to me. Another noticeable difference is nonverbal communication...
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...Professionalism describes the qualities, skills, competence and behaviors expected of individuals belonging to any given profession. Professionalism in the workplace is based on many factors, including how you dress; carry yourself, your attitude and how you interact with others. The definition of professionalism indicates that each person perform their tasks with genuine earnest and honesty. It refers to a person doing his / her job with sincerity, and maintaining professional etiquette and ethics in the workplace. 2.Why is goal setting important? Setting goals is a fundamental component to long-term success. The basic reason for this is that you can’t get where you are trying to go until you clearly define where that is. Goals help you focus and allocate your time and resources efficiently, and they can keep you motivated when you feel like giving up. Furthermore, setting and achieving goals translates to feelings of success for both individuals and companies, which in turn spurs greater productivity and confidence. 3.What are Ways of teamwork in the physician’s office? Developing an effective and highly functional staff that puts practice performance first, though, is easier said than done. To a large degree, that’s because medical practices are comprised of a small group of people who work together but perform very different roles. As practice administrator, you can encourage teamwork by modeling good business behavior yourself. That means meeting regularly with your physicians...
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...Analyzing Human Behavior from a Social Psychological Perspective Social psychology is the study of human behavior in the social situations. There are many different topics that are studied by social psychologists. They can include different behaviors such as attitudes, aggression, prejudice, pro-social behavior and self-identity. The goal of social psychology is to study the behavior of individuals to learn more about how people form impressions of others, interpret the behavior of others and behave in social situations. Social psychology also looks at a range of social topics. Leadership, group behavior, social perception, nonverbal behavior, aggression and prejudice are to name a few. Social psychology is not just about looking at social influences. Social perception and social interaction are vital to understanding social behavior. Social Psychology began to become more to the forefront after World War II. Other events just after like the Holocaust for example, caused Psychologists to start to ask themselves the effects of society on human behavior, according to an article by, Kendra Cherry titled, “What is Psychology?” (Cherry, 2012) The term social psychology was first used in the 1860’s. In 1908 the first textbooks on the subject were published. Floyd Allport in 1924 wrote a modern textbook and was regarded as the rebirth of social psychology. Kurt Lewin was called the father of social psychology. He was one of the first researchers to study organizational development...
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...Change by John P. Kotter and Organizational Behavior and Management by Ivancevich are centered around the themes and concepts of an eight stage process that incorporates the ideas of establishing a sense of urgency, creating the guiding coalition, developing a vision and strategy, communicating the change vision, empowering employees for broad-based action, generating short-term wins, consolidating gains and producing more change, and anchoring new approaches of each author. Leading Change and the related text are findings that complement the explorations of each author. One may find the relationship between the books to be astounding as the authors appear to mirror each other’s ideas, but one author provides insight through the use of experience and opinions, while the other uses research and supporting evidence. An effective manager should be able to integrate the concepts of organizational behavior and leadership in order to properly communicate, implement, and transform the projects of an organization whose goal is to become more competitive. The text on Organizational Behavior has provided the research and theories on the effective use of human resources, while Kotter offers a situational approach that one can easily relate to. The integration of Kotter’s eight stage process along with the text by Ivancevich have provided me with a better understanding of leadership as an ongoing fundamental process and organizational behavior as a principle that should be apparent in...
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...Sensory processing disorder is estimated to affect at least 16% of children in school (Chang..). What is sensory processing disorder, or SPD, and how is it different than autism or other processing disorders? A. Jean Ayres is credited with being the pioneer of sensory integration disorder. She developed much of the theory, assessment and treatment methods. "Sensory integration allows us to better organize our senses that we are taking in, and turn them into appropriate responses. Being able to accurately organize the sensory input from the environment is where children with sensory issues struggle, not with the information itself” (Lonkar, 2014) making the goal of sensory integration “to improve the accuracy of how children process sensory...
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...The three theories that I have chosen are behavioral, psychodynamic, and latent trait theory. The first theory which is behavioral is another way of saying psychological theory that views behavior as learned through interactions with others. One sub- branch of behavioral theory of particular relevance to criminology is social learning theory. Social learning theory human is the view that human behavior is learned through observation of human social interactions, either directly from that in close proximity or indirectly from the media. Social learning theorist also concluded that the antisocial behavior of potentially violent people can be triggered by a number of different influences such as: verbal taunts and threats; the experience of direct pain; and perceptions of relative social disability, such as poverty and racial discrimination. The second theory is psychodynamic which is the creation of Viennese physician Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), still holds a prominent position in psychological thought. The psychodynamic view shows that some people encounter problems during their early development that causes an imbalance in their personality. Some have mood disorders and are extremely anxious, fearful, and impulsive. Theorists believe that law violators have suffered damage to their personalities early in their development and that this damage renders them powerless to control their impulses. Latent trait theories hold that human development is controlled by master trait present...
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...The Autism Spectrum Disorder is a very broad disorder, ranging from a brilliant scientist to a person who remains nonverbal with a severe disability. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a group of neural developmental disabilities that can cause impaired social interactions, communication, and restrict and repetitive behavior challenge. Due to the increase of children being diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder, it is important for people to understand the effects of ASD. Knowing the causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments of Autism Spectrum Disorder, will help in early detection and acceptance. There is no absolute known cause of Autism Spectrum Disorder. The abnormalities, likely caused during fetal development, are centered...
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...Behavioral Sciences Subdomain 111.6 Shelly Hawley Western Governor’s University There are several research methods used in sociological studies, scientists use qualitative and quantitative research to study the organization of society(Mcleod, S.A., 2008). Qualitative data is information acquired through participant observations and is reported in the words of the informant. Quantitative data is gathered by measuring things and is analyzed by statistical inferences and numeric comparisons(Minichiello et al.,1990, p.5). Scientist use qualitative research to gather information that is not numerical in form such as openended questionnaires or unstructured observations. This type of is more descriptive and is more difficult to analyze. Qualitative research is a suitable method to identify how individuals think and feel such as case studies(Mcleod, S.A., 2008). Qualitative data requires that participant responses are accurate which can be difficult to describe. It is helpful if quotations from participant interviews in the studies are used to illustrate points of the analysis(Mcleod, S.A.m 2008). The individual conducting the research should have knowledge in the area being studied in order to get a proper interpretation of the data. Unstructured group interviews can be an example of a qualitative research method. This study would generate data by using open ended questions in which individuals respond in their own words. Res...
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...Group & Organization Management http://gom.sagepub.com/ Assessing Communication Competency for Intercultural Adaptation Brent D. Ruben Group & Organization Management 1976 1: 334 DOI: 10.1177/105960117600100308 The online version of this article can be found at: http://gom.sagepub.com/content/1/3/334 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for Group & Organization Management can be found at: Email Alerts: http://gom.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://gom.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://gom.sagepub.com/content/1/3/334.refs.html >> Version of Record - Sep 1, 1976 What is This? Downloaded from gom.sagepub.com at University College London on July 15, 2014 Assessing Communication Competency for Intercultural Adaptation BRENT D. RUBEN of the recurrent problems associated with interpersonal, group, organizational, and intercultural training in communication is the assessment of outcomes. An approach is suggested for the evaluation of training and selection of programs utilizing behavioral assessment of One participants’ or communication competence. The method involves the systematic collection and analysis of behavioral observation data along one predetermined dimensions by one or more observers. Prelimiof pilot instruments indicates that the methodology provides a relatively...
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...differences in touch behavior in a social situation. A study by Henley (1973) concluded existence of gender asymmetry – a tendency for men to be significantly more likely to touch women than vice versa. The investigation was conducted within a shopping precinct in Washington Metropolis, following a naturalistic observational methodology. It uses independent design and random sampling of 10 young couples of opposite sex aged between 13 and 19 years. The study excludes same sex couples so as to enable testing of the hypothesis: tendency of adolescent males to touch adolescent girls in public is greater than the reverse. Findings reveal greater overall touch tendency for adolescent males to touch females than vice versa; a tendency for adolescent males to initiate touch than females. It also shows a tendency for greater adolescent female same-gender compared to adolescent male same-gender touch. The study results also show greater tendency for adolescent fema.les to react more positively to touch relative to their male counterparts. The findings support the hypothesis and Henley’s (1973) touching behavior model. Thus, the alternative hypothesis is accepted while the null hypothesis is rejected. Introduction ‘Touch’ is a basic behavioral element of non-verbal communication (NVC) among humans, and it can either be subtle or powerful, and overly complex are relates individual’s beliefs about its meaning and frequency (Lerner & Steinberg, 2004). Touch behavior patterns are largely...
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...disorder. However, such medication is not fit for all based on four reasons. First, a fifth of all children ailing from this condition do not gain significant benefits through medication. Secondly, some children suffer from the side effects of such medicinal intervention. Thirdly, primary symptoms persist even after using medicines. Fourth, some children suffering from ADHD are effectively helped by behavior therapy when symptoms are minor. This paper is a proposed action plan of treating John who suffers from inattentive ADHD through a functional behavioral assessment (FBA). a) Operational definition of behavior This is the first stage of the FBA. Prior to selecting effective data collection methods to perform the FBA, the paraprofessional should define the behavioral problem. This definition should take into account the measurable, observable, and objective terms. The behavioral problems identified should be clear. Otherwise, it increases the difficulties involved in measuring the behavior with accuracy. Moreover, it complicates the identification of the function of the behavior and the formulation of an effective intervention method. After a collection of concrete information, regarding he behavioral problem, then the teacher or paraprofessional can refine the definition of the problem (Functional Behavioral Assessment, Behavioral Intervention Plans, and Positive Intervention and Supports: An Essential Part of Effective School Wide Discipline in Virginia, 2009). In our case...
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...Task-Relationship-Self: A Framework for Understanding Service Encounter Behaviors Graham L. Bradley and Beverley A. Sparks Griffith University Dieter Zapf Goethe University Janet R. McColl-Kennedy and Nerina L. Jimmieson The University of Queensland ABSTRACT Research conducted over past decades has investigated selected service encounter behaviors from either a customer or service provider perspective. However, a comprehensive, dual-perspective framework is lacking. Such a framework is needed to organize knowledge of these behaviors, and thereby provide structure, clarity, and parsimony to the field. This paper describes a three-tier framework of service encounter behavior that was developed by applying grounded theory principles to interviews with customers, service employees, and other stakeholders. These informants described many ways in which they behave when executing service exchanges, dealing with service difficulties, and managing themselves in the process. Using an iterative inductive approach, a conceptual framework was developed in which specific (Tier 1) behaviors were placed within broader (Tier 2) categories, and these lower classification levels were, in turn, interpreted within a conceptual space defined by the (Tier 3) dimensions of task, relationship, and self. This framework was then elaborated and refined by reference to the psychology and marketing literature, a set of 157 audio-recorded service interactions, and an expert panel study...
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...Castillo, Lovely Mae. Gorospe, Michelle Day C. . SVC MKT/ MM09306 Report # 10: Chapter 11- Physical Evidence and the Servicescape Chapter's Objectives are to: 1. Explain the profound Impact of physical evidence, particularly the servicescape, on customer perceptions and expereinces. 2. Illustrate differences in types of servicescapes, the roles played by the servicescape, and the implications for strategy. 3. Explain why the servicescape affects customer and employee behavior, using a framework based in marketing, organizational behavior, and environmental psychology, 4. Present elements of an effective physical evidence strategy. Introduction Physical evidence is important for communicating service quality attributes, setting customer expectations, and creating the service experience. It is important for communicating credence services. Ex. Auto repair, health care, hospitals, hotels, theme parks (which are dominated by experience attributes.) Physical evidence is the environment in which the service is delivered and in which the firm and the customer interact, and any tangible commodities that facilitate performance or communication of the service. -The first part of it means the actual facility in which the service is performed, delivered, and consumed. Physical facility is also known as servicescape. Physical Evidence What is Physical Evidence? Customers rely on tangible cues, or physical evidence, to evaluate the service...
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...misbehavior, ill deeds, and punishments. The term discipline has two significant limitations. First, discipline highlights the individual (rather than the classroom), and secondly, it connotes negative behavior. Hence, Classroom management is more appropriate term that is being used to highlight all those positive behaviors and decisions a teacher make to facilitate the learning process of their student. It refers to all those activities necessary to create and maintain an orderly learning environment. Classroom management is more than disciplining misbehaviors since it encompasses teacher’s obligations to promote student learning which reflects the shift from historical paradigm of obedience. In line with that, it promotes responsibility to students for self-guidance in a way that they themselves monitor their own behavior during their period in class. A teacher functions as an “authoritative parent” that also addresses violence, irresponsibility and family instability which are all considered as societal issues. This can all be avoided through proper ways of teaching and ways in which students would participate attentively as if they are enjoying while learning Psychology has been applied to develop management systems since it presents ideas about motivating student behavior. It also identifies strategies for maintaining successful learning environment in which they think would help the teacher inspire students. Enough training and knowledge in handling student could at least...
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...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Every individual has a unique way of evaluating objects, persons or events in their social world. We normally respond to others ideas, issues, and the entire social environment in a favourable or unfavourable manner. Social psychologists therefore refer to attitude as the predisposition to behave in a consistent evaluative manner towards others, groups, objects etc. Attitude is defined as the individual’s evaluation of any aspect of his/her social world (Olson & Maio, 2003). It refers to the general and relatively enduring evaluations people have of other people, object or ideas (Petty, Wheeler, & Tormala, 2003). According to Dillard (1993), there are several varying conceptualizations of attitude in social research. At different points in it history, the concept of attitude has been linked to emotional, cognitive and behavioural processes (Brecker & Wiggins, 1989). Therefore, the definition of attitude should consist of cognitive, affective and behavioural components (Rokeach, 1968, Ajzen, 2005). According to Thurstone’s definition of attitude, it is referred to an affect for or against a psychological object (Ajzen, 2005). Ajzen and Fishbein (1975), defined attitude as a learned predisposition to respond in a consistently favourable or unfavourable manner with respect to a given object. Petty and Cacioppo is of the view that attitudes are general and enduring positive or negative feelings about some person...
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