...example. (30 pts) CAN MEDICATION CURE OBESITY IN CHILDREN? A Review of the Literature In March 2004, U.S. Surgeon General Richard Carmona called attention to a health problem in the United States that, until recently, we have overlooked: childhood obesity. Carmona highlighted that the “astounding” 15% child obesity rate constitutes an “epidemic.” Since the early ‘80s, that rate has “doubled in children and tripled in adolescents.” Now more than nine million children are classified as obese. While the traditional response to a medical epidemic is to hunt for a vaccine or a cure-all pill, childhood obesity has proven more elusive. Lacking success of recent initiatives suggests that medication mightn’t be the answer for the escalating problem. In this literature review, I will consider whether the use of medication is a promising approach for solving the childhood obesity problem by responding to the following questions: 1. What are the implications of childhood obesity? 2. Is medication effective at treating childhood obesity? 3. Is medication safe for children? 4. Is medication the best solution? Understanding the limitations of medical treatments for children highlights the complexity of the childhood obesity problem in the United States and underscores the need for physicians, advocacy groups, and policymakers to search for other solutions. What Are the Implications of Childhood Obesity? Obesity can be a devastating problem from both...
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...don’t have much money, sometimes are limited to resort to fast food or other unhealthy meals. Obesity refers to the condition of having excessive body fat. Obesity presents a huge problem both physically, mentally, as well as emotionally. People dealing with obesity have to face with humiliation, depression, and sometimes even discrimination. Who is there to blame for this issue? It isn’t likely to find kids exercising like children used to be. Instead, kids are inside playing their video games, on the computer using a social network, simply not being active. Thirty eight percent of public school children in were overweight or obese in 2010 (Allday 2011). Fingers can be pointed in a different number of places, fast food restaurants, soda companies, schools, and sometimes parents in their own homes can be at fault as well. It’s no question that obesity awareness needs to be raised but we as a society must work in unison to get to the main goal, healthier eating and a more active lifestyle. Method This case study was chosen to expand the knowledge of this epidemic issue within our communities. The study explains the overall issue of childhood obesity, health risks, diagnosis and treatment, and the awareness and prevention of the nutritional disorder. Within our group we decided upon this topic based on the doubling rate of obesity in the Bay Area. To aid our research we utilize peer review journals and articles from non-profit organizations, as well as other health reliable sources...
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...June 19, 2011 Dr. Ed Yancey Topic Childhood Obesity in the Mid-South is a growing disease. Description of Childhood Obesity Childhood Obesity is defined as children having the condition of being excessively overweight (The American Heritage, 2002). The Centers for Disease Control reports that this country has been struggling with obesity for well over 20 years now and regarding childhood obesity, it is no less daunting. Data from their surveys comparing the 1970's to the 2000's show that the prevalence of obesity has increased for children of all ages at least 3 times over to about 20% of our population less than 19 years old (adult obesity approaches almost 35% in some states). There is an eye-opening depiction of U.S. obesity trends by state and race/ethnicity over the past 4 years. Obesity appears to be most commonly seen in the African American, Hispanic, and Native American populations and in lower income families (CDC, 2009). Why this Topic This topic was chosen because there is an overwhelming increase of children who are suffering from this disease. Obese children are also more likely to become overweight adults. 70% of obese children had at least one Cardiovascular Disease risk factor, and 39% had two or more (Freedman, 2007). This paper will show why childhood obesity has become such an epidemic and what can be done to counter this disease. Description of Childhood Obesity Childhood obesity is a serious medical condition that affects children...
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...Background Obesity is an increasing epidemic. In the United States, more than 60 million or one in every three adults are obese as defined by Body Mass Index (BMI). Obesity is defined as a BMI greater than or equal to 30 (CDC, 2015). Successful treatment methods have been identified for reducing weight which include increasing physical activity and decreasing caloric intake. Exercise and physical activity have been shown to not only lose weight, but also improve cardiovascular functioning, lower blood pressure, and lower serum cholesterol levels (Porth, 2011, p. 232). Exercise also lowers blood sugar levels, improves insulin response in the body, and can decrease stress and anxiety; the opposite of each has been associated with obesity. A diet low in saturated fat and simple carbohydrates can improve the body’s insulin response, decrease adipose tissue, increase the body’s metabolic functioning ability (Porth, 2011, p. 232) and thereby reduce one’s BMI. Though obesity may be preventable and treatable through diet changes and exercise, reducing the rates is proving to be very difficult (Briscoe & Berry, 2009, p. 164).Professional medical societies and public health organizations have recognized the consequences of this epidemic resulting in guidelines being published for the evaluation and treatment of obese individuals. According to the Center for Medicare and Medicaid services, counseling for obesity should contain certain services. They include screening for obesity in adults...
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...Obesity in Children and Adolescents Student’s Name University Affiliation Obesity in Children and Adolescents Overweight in children and adolescents is becoming a severe medical condition that needs to be addressed. Obesity is the state of becoming obese by comparing a body mass index (BMI). If an individual (BMI) is above thirty, he or she is regarded as obese (Armstrong et al. 2016). Obesity in children is a healthy malfunctioning that is progressing at a high rate especially in the US and other developed countries. Clinical recommendations are a crucial tool that focuses on screening guidance as well as counseling strategies to curb the obesity problem. This review concentrates on the physical examination findings that directly correlate with children and adolescents with obesity. These results are later used to come up with a better understanding of how parents can help to reduce the rate of obesity in children as well as in adolescents. The elements used to carry out this review findings include clinical and research specialization in early and late obesity to individuals less than 18 years. The author prioritized to use key physical findings collectively and later implemented literature search from the year 1975 to date from only two databases Cochrane and PubMed (Armstrong et al. 2016). The author has criticized other studies that were conducted before, and he said that they lacked strength in their evidence because their data was...
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...disorder seen in vet practices today is obesity in canines and felines. According to PFMA (2014) over the past five years there has been an increase in concern over obesity in companion animals, with three in four dogs (77% of dog population in the UK) to be obese. A clear understanding to how and why pet obesity in the UK is now a major risk factor is caused primarily by the relationship between humans and animals. A result of lack of client education of their dietary needs with the leading cause is from feeding leftovers off the plate and insufficient exercise (Sandøe et al., 2014). Obesity in dogs and cats increases the risk of health problems such as; diabetes mellitus, cardiorespiratory disease and anaesthetic...
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...&ump; Nelson, 2010, and studies show that reducing alcohol consumption can lead to public health improvements such as decreased incidence of “liver cirrhosis, delirium tremens, male suicide, criminality, hospitalizations, alcohol-related disease mortality, workplace injuries, STDs, IPV, rape, robbery, and severe violence towards children” (Jernigan). Public heath deals with many other issues that cause burdens to individuals and society alike such as obesity and gun use. Over the past several months, headlines in the news have been echoing “Chocolate Milk Removed from School Lunches,” and “Senate Considers Federal Tax on Soda.” While the removal of chocolate milk from school menus has actually happened in certain school districts across the country, federal tax on sodas has only been a proposal at this point. However, both echoes resounding through the news originated from escalating research that America’s twin epidemics of diabetes and obesity are due to diets high in sugar. The end result is that the actions taken to fight obesity have not been classified as either effective, uncertain, or harmful consistently through studies and research because there are too many variables like genetics, other sugar-loaded beverages and foods on the shelf, lack of exercise,...
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...Nutrition and Exercise and Their Effects on Obesity Management Roland Colburn AHS 401 Literature review Dr. Elder Abstract This study was important because it addressed the issues of obesity and what can be carried out to prevent it. Obesity has become cone of the nations most widespread epidemics and it continues to grow. In this study 20 peer-reviewed articles were chosen on obesity and nutrition, and then the articles were analyzed and broken down into a basic concept of obesity prevention. Most articles contained proper nutrition, exercise, and dietary guidance. After thorough research, it became evident that proper nutrition and exercise were basic necessities in combating the obesity epidemic. Introduction Obesity is one of the leading public concerns within the United States, and for a great reason, almost two-thirds of the population is either overweight or obese, and the numbers are continuously rising.(Carels et al. 2008). Obesity has been linked to many different health issues, including the number one killer in America, heart disease. Obesity has been a growing problem over the past few years, which has led many to try and reduce or reverse the incline in obesity. The programs implemented, as of late, to reduce the number considered obese have failed.(Crombie 1999). American society continues to grow in the obesity rates, which has in turn generated an increase...
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...Obesity in America Columbia Southern University Obesity in America Even with an abundance of evidence of the benefits of sustaining a healthy weight and a physically active lifestyle, we continue to eat greater portion sizes than we need and remain less physically active than we should be. Many Americans are fatter than medical science recommends, and weights are still growing. While many other countries have experienced significant increases in obesity, no other developed country is quite as overweight as the United States. Obesity is referred to a person who is overweight; medically based on the ranges of weight that is higher than what is typically considered for their appropriate height to be healthy. Many healthcare...
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...There is a growing epidemic of childhood obesity in Australia and also worldwide. The prevalence of obesity has doubled to 65% of the world’s population live in countries where obesity and overweight kills more people than underweight does (WHO, 2011). Obese children are more likely to have health problems throughout their childhood, these health issues are associated with long-term health consequences to which the economic costs are enormous (Swinburn, 2008). Obesity in childhood is frequently tracked into adulthood, this is clearly a major contributor for the adulthood epidemic. Interventions and preventions have become key strategies in reducing the impact of childhood obesity. Through national and international health promotions, promoting healthy eating and physical activity in environments that reduce childhood obesity. The rapid increase of childhood obesity not only is it a burden on psychological, physical but also socially (Deckelbaum & Williams, 2005). Health care professionals such as nurses’ play a very important role in the prevention or management of obesity. Nurses’ can research current evidence in health promotions to find the best program for different populations by providing support and management of their illness (Bluford, Sherry & Scanlon, 2007). Throughout this is essay all these points will be discussed in more detail. Obesity and overweight have been defined as an excess or abnormal fat accumulation that may impair health within children and adults...
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...Childhood Obesity Diminishment Attaining a school based obesity prevention program can be one of the most gratifying things when applied. The promises of it’s success seem well worth the subject of having to raise a program that would be feasible for students, as well as teachers, parents and staff in a school setting. Considering the prevalence of pediatric obesity, it is imperative that adults involved in the education system in any way discover new ways to promote healthy attitudes and behavior from children. Schools are a strategic organizational setting for obesity prevention, but school-based interventions adopting lifestyle behaviors to prevent obesity have had mixed success. It was clear that having a team effort towards implementing...
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...Pregnancy: The Fight to Survive Sociology Research Paper Tri-County Technical College November 24, 2014 ABSTRACT Objectives: To research the causes of death during childbirth and infancy in nations around the world. To examine related health concerns of birth rate, death rate, birth defects, and how access to medical care in different nations contribute to the birth and survival of the fetus. Reviewing statistics of birth rates in all income nations and the overall affect on the population. Applying the Social Conflict theory as it relates to views on pregnancy. Explore different ideas on how to change declining birth rates and promote better health care for all nations. Key Words: Pregnancy, birth rates, death rates , birth defects,social conflict, health care associated with pregnancy. INTRODUCTION In December of 2013, The World Health Organization (WHO) conveyed a consultation on improving the measurement of quality of maternal, newborn, and child care in health facilities. This annual report proposed 19 core indicators for reporting on the quality of MNHC care in nations around the globe. While some key interventions have increased over the past decade, little progress has been made in the quality of care in some health care facilities around the world. The amount of health care coverage provided to mothers, newborns, and children in low income nations is very minimal compared to high income nations particularly in the United States where health care and...
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...Obesity is a worldwide epidemic and serious chronic disease state that plagues all ages and races. Globally 1.7% of people are classified as obese, with body mass indexes (BMI) of 30 or higher (Sonnenberg, Matfin, & Reinhardt, 2007). According to Flegal, Carroll, Ogden, and Curtin (2010) 35% of men and 35.5% of women in the United States (U.S.) are obese. The prevalence of childhood obesity is steadily climbing each year with the ensuing repercussions of adult disease states now being diagnosed in children and teens (Ben-Sefer, Ben-Natan, & Ehrenfeld, 2010). Hence, the race for finding an answer to weight control has become a priority. The pharmaceutical giant GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) has supposedly offered one answer in the form of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) approval of the over the counter (OTC) version of orlistat, commercially known as the anti-obesity drug Alli. This paper will summarize information obtained on the Medical News Today’s website regarding GSK’s January 28, 2010 press release entitled, “In New Data Alli Proven to Reduce Visceral Fat, a Dangerous Fat Linked to Many Life-Threatening Diseases" as authored by Bolding (2010), GSK’s spokesperson. A critique of the public media statement in regards to potential misrepresentations of effectiveness, possible omissions of scientific findings, and limitations of information presented will be discussed. The media posting can be found at http://tinyurl.com/3zoocm4 , also refer to attached...
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...Childhood Obesity Introduction One of the current health problems that attract a good deal of attention is childhood obesity. Indeed, the alarming increase in the number of children who become overweight leads to a need for effective health educations. This report will describe the magnitude of childhood obesity and suggest some health education as solutions. Literature review Some studies on childhood obesity and the role of health education in preventing such a health problem were conducted. Lanigan and Power (2008) indicated the growth in the incidence of this health issue and considered parents as health educators who help their children avoid obesity. By using a large body of evidence from an online survey held by the Washington University in 2006-2007, the researchers suggested various ways in which parents can achieve controlling their children’s obesity. Thanks to this article’s findings, the role of education in solving childhood obesity which is included in my research topic is strengthened. Hutchinson (2010) implied the effects of school-based education on reducing the number of overweight children. By examining the outcomes of Rachael Dixey’s and Janet Wordley’s study (2010) in a variety of school programs concerning childhood obesity, the authors showed that educating children about physical activities and nutrition at school help prevent childhood obesity. The article is helpful to my research topic because its reports improve the importance of health education...
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...For this assignment we were instructed to search peer-reviewed literature for two research articles and one systemic review or meta-analysis article. After combing through many articles I finally settled on two peer-reviewed articles that I feel pertain to my chosen article on childhood obesity and associated risk factors. The two peer-reviewed articles I found are “Early Life Risk Factors for Obesity in Childhood: Cohort Study” and “Increasing Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Decreasing Fat and Sugar Intake in Families at Risk for Childhood Obesity”. I was able to find an article while I was going through relevant research that is classified as meta-analysis and is titled “The Obesity Epidemic in the United Sates-Gender, Age, Socioeconomic, Racial/Ethnic, and Geographic Characteristics”. After reading through the articles I found I used the evidence summary form to help me break down the information into four categories. The categories are population studied, results of study, threats to validity of study, and implications of the study. My first peer-reviewed article that I summarized was conducted in the United Kingdom and included 8234 children and parents starting at the age of seven years old. The study included 3934 boys and 3824 girls and they found that the prevalence of obesity did not vary greatly between the sexes. The researchers used body mass index, questioners completed by parents, medical records, and biological samples. From the information gathered the researchers...
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