...“Stump the Teacher”: Non-Ossifying Fibromas Shamaya Moore Kaiser Permanente School of ALlied Health Science March 14, 2013 The patient arrived to radiology on August 5, 2012. The patient was a 10 year old hispanic male whom presented to the hospital with pain in his right ankle. Prior to coming into the radiology department he had fallen on a play structure at his school. Immediately after his fall he was brought to the hospital by his parents. As a result the patient was x-rayed on August 5, 2012. An ankle complete series was performed which consisted of an AP, Oblique, and Lateral view. However, due to his age comparison films were also taken of his left ankle which consisted of only an ap and lateral. According to the radiology report from the images obtained the patient was said to have a non-ossifying fibroma in his right distal tibia metaphysis region. The recommendation following his visit from the radiologists was for the patient to be seen again for a followup in six months. On March 1, 2013 the patient returned to the department for his 6 month followup. Since the patient was being seen for a followup on this visit instead of for trauma like his initial visit, only three images were obtained. An AP, Oblique, and Lateral view of only his right ankle. According to the radiology reports from this visit the patient still was said to have a non ossifying fibroma on his right lower leg/ankle. A non-ossifying fibroma is a benign, non-aggressive...
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...The electronic reserve I chose to report on. Kim, S. K., Park, J. M., Choi, J. E., Rhee, S. K., & Shim, S. I. (2010). Intratendinous ganglion cyst of the semimembranosus tendon. British Journal of Radiology, 83(988), 79. With this article, it describes the pathology and etiology in the middle age with two diagnoses for tendinopathy, and colcinosis with pathology on collateral ligaments in the middle age. It describes the calcification within the fibular collateral ligament. It pertains to a 52-year-old man that was presented with tenderness and pain over the lateral aspect of the left knee. According to the patient, it occurred from a fall on the stairs and the twisting of the left knee. Some of the tests that were taken such as with a tomography showed signs of myofascial edema in the lateral soft tissue. The differential diagnosis stated that it could exclude acute ligamentous injury, fracture or infection and also after the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) it also excluded avulsion fracture. After concluding that the oral cortex was intact with a smooth contour their diagnosis was Periarticular calcification that could be determined from the MRI and CT scans. The other diagnosis was hydroxyapatite depositon with confirmed calcification in the fibular collateral. My concern with both of these diagnosis’s would be that if both found the same thing in the testing how can there be two different conclusions on what is occurring in the gentlemen’s knee . In addition...
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...of ischemic heart disease and I note has had three coronary artery stents inserted, the most recent of which was in 2004. He continues to report exertional chest pain, although I gather an echocardiogram from late last year was unremarkable. The last stress test appears to have been in 2015, the results of which I am uncertain of. There is also a history of rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed three years ago and this is polyarticular in nature. Mario is not aware of any extra-articular manifestations. Under the care of Lionel Schachna, he is currently medicated with methotrexate 20mg weekly, prednisolone 10mg daily and sulfasalazine. Other regular medications include Zoloft, Tazac??, Plavix, Coversyl, Caduet, Plaquenil, Minax??, Panadol Osteo, Nexium, Minitran patches and Lyrica....
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...Osteomyelitis (bone infection) Overview: Osteomyelitis is an infection / inflammation of the osteo-articular bone is affecting both his bone marrow and is the most serious infection that can affect the bones of the human skeleton. The term derives from the greek osteomyelitis "osteon" (bone) + "myelo" (spinal) + "itis" (inflammation). The disease can be caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites, viruses and other factors that we discuss in more detail in the next section. The bone can be infected or by blood, or by proximity to other infected areas or because of penetrating trauma (prosthesis, fractures, etc.) Causes: The microorganisms responsible for osteomyelitis may colonize the bone and its marrow following a serious bill (exposed), a surgical...
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...Science makes no bones about first study of ostecyte cultures on the Space Station called Space X. Most of the articles were about new forms of technology being developed by scientists. The one I chose was about new development on microgravity effects on bone cell. The Ostecyte and Mechano-transduction (Osteo-4) has an investigation team that has been analyzing the effects of microgravity on different types of bone cells. These types of scientific studies and results derived from different studies that have implications for patients in treatment with bone disorders related to disuse or immobilization, as well as metabolic diseases such as osteoporosis. They are investigating how ostecyte-the most abundant cells in adult skeleton – both sense and respond to changes in mechanical forces, as achieved aboard the space station called Space X. This is being done by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grantee Paola Divieti Pajevic, MD., PH.D., leads up the team that examines the functions and behavior of isolated ostecyte in microgravity to determine how they may contribute to the observation of the decline bone density within the crew members. They are trying to figure out the effects of the treatments that are being done they are trying to figure out the bone loss in extreme conditions of space that would allow them to figure out how they can make more bone or counteract the bone loss within the astronauts that they are treating. Some treatments have shown that the research...
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...Have you ever felt some difficulties with making small movements such as standing, sitting, walking, or even lifting an object of the ground? So you may have osteoporosis. It is a serious public health problem. Actually it is called the silent disease, because it occurs without symptoms[1]. People usually do not realize that they have the disease until a bone breaks[2]. This breakage or fracture is often the first sign of osteoporosis[3]. Before beginning with its characteristics and who is most likely to be affected by it, the term osteoporosis must be defined. The term osteoporosis is a medical term composed of 3 parts. The first part is osteo which is a Greek term means bones. The second part is pore which means...
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...Osteomalacia Osteomalacia is a condition in which bones are poorly mineralized and includes a number of disorders. The word osteomalacia literally means soft bones (osteo = bones; malacia = soft). Poor bone mineralization means that calcium salts are not properly deposited after production of the osteoid. Osteoid is the organic portion of bone before mineralization. It is composed of collagenous fibers and amorphous ground substance. Vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus are all needed for mineralization and bone strength. The absence of these three predisposes the development of osteomalacia. There are several causes of osteomalacia although the most common cause is vitamin D deficiency. The deficiency may be, in part, due to lack of sunlight...
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...has visited Miami, Florida and San Antonio, Texas several times in the past 20 years. Mr. Gonzales has been a widower for 6 months and has four adult children who reside in Mexico. Mr. Gonzales completed ninth grade in Mexico and worked as a security guard at an industrial site. He speaks fluent Spanish and reads and writes Spanish at about a fifth grade level. Although he has taken English emersion classes for several years and his auditory comprehension of English is good, his spoken English is limited. Reading and writing English are basic and inconsistent. He is an ardent soccer fan, enjoys Mariachi music, and attends church on a regular basis. According to his sister, Mr. Gonzales has a history of hypertension, prostate cancer, and osteo–arthritis. He had a partial knee replacement to the right knee in 2005. He wears corrective lenses that were broken during the car accident, and during the optometric evaluation to replace his lenses, early stage bilateral cataracts were noted. Three years ago Mr. Gonzales was diagnosed with a mild bilateral sensori–neural hearing loss during an employment hearing evaluation but refused amplification. Following the TBI, Mr. Gonzales made rapid physical recovery. He received intensive occupational and physical therapy for four weeks in a medical rehabilitation unit. Therapies focused on gaining independence in activities of daily living (ADLs). Although Mr. Gonzales made marked improvement in ADLs, he continued to need prompting and...
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...Introduction In 1981, in San Francisco, Chris Gardner (Will Smith) is a smart salesman and family man . Yet he is struggling financially in his life. He invests all family savings in Osteo National bone-density scanners, an apparatus twice as expensive as an x-ray machine but with a slightly clearer image. He sells them personally to physicians. Despite being a better product than x-rays machines, they are also far more expensive, meaning that they are an unnecessary luxury for most physicians. He needs to sell three scanners per month just to meet the basic necessities to support his family, his wife, Linda, and their five year old son, Christopher. Their child Christopher is studying in kindergarden. They are a poor family and with a low monthly income. Their total monthly income can only pay the tax and kindergarden fee tightly. But lately, he doesn’t sell one still three months. So his wife Linda has to work two jobs doing manual work at a laundry for maintaining their livings. But it’s still not enough to pay the basic costs, three months rent. Chris can't afford to pay his parking ticket, meaning that he has to take the bus everywhere. Finally, the family breaks up, the relationship between him and his wife Linda ( Thandiwe Newton) has big troubles . One day, Linda leaves them because she cannot put up with this kind of life anymore. She moves to New York where she has taken a job in a pizza parlor. Their son Christopher (Jaden Smith) stays with Chris because he and his...
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...Drug NSAID Chemical Structure Rationale Mechanism of action Advantages Disadvantages Aspirin Salicylate Widely used Irreversibly inhibits cycloxygenase activity, decreased in prostaglandin synthesis ,thromboxane A2,inhibits platelet aggregration. • Analgesic for minor aches and pains • Antipyretic -reduce fever • Prevention and treatment of acute coronary syndromes, acute ischemic stroke and transient ischemic episodes. (low daily dose ( 75-100 mg ) - completely block platelet TXA2 production, antiplatelet action is because aspirin is highly selective to COX-1 isoenzyme(especially in platelets)) • Used in rheumatic fever, rheumatoid and osteo - arthritis. • Adjuvant with revascularization and stent implantation procedures. • To be maintained...
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...Epidemiology Paper Epidemiology Paper This will paper discuss one of the deadly disease in the world call Tuberculosis (TB). The goal is to prevent the disease and prevent the spread of the disease from the teaching that the community health nurse will provide. An individual can die if TB is left untreated. Active Tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an infection caused by a bacteria called Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. This respiratory disease that in most common in the lungs. (World Health Organization, 2014). Other parts of the body are affected by TB is the brain which causes tuberculosis meningitis, genitourinary TB, gastrointestinal TB, tuberculosis lymphadenitis, cutaneous TB, Uterus ovarian TB and Osteo articular skeletal bone and joint TB(articles base, 2008). It is curable and preventable. TB is contagious and is transmitted through the air from a person with the active respiratory disease and then another person inhale this infectious droplet. Active TB symptom from the lung are coughing, and with bloody sputum present sometimes, weakness, chest pain, fever, weight loss and night sweats. Once the germs enter the air it takes only a few of them to infect another person (World Health Organization, 2014). People with active TB usually have positive TB skin test and blood test. The chest x-ray is usually positive and positive sputum culture (Centered for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). Latent Tuberculosis Another form of TB is called...
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..."Embryonic stem cells...are in effect, a human self-repair kit," (Christopher Reeve, activist – Larry King show). For the advancement of science, stem cells are infinitely valuable, especially when considering all the potential applications in the field of medicine. Stem cells usage is a very controversial topic, because most people think of abortions, cloning, and other negative topics when they here the term stem cells. However I think those thoughts are because they don't understand what a stem cell is, where it comes from, or its monumental possibilities that could greatly benefit the medical field. In today’s medical world there is so much that can be done with stem cells whether it is generating new organs or saving an individual with terminal disease? There are already demonstrations of Stem cells possibilities, because treatment with stem cells has already begun. They have been taken from umbilical cords and become healthy red cells used to cure sickle-cell anemia. Stem cell therapy is also being used against certain types of cancer. Stem Cells are valuable due to the fact that they are non-designated and they have the ability to divide and multiply indefinitely. Thus, theoretically stem cells could fix and even replace any damaged or lost specific cells within a body. They are easily found in early embryos, but their numbers variety for development seems to become less in the adult stem cells. The information above is only what we know right now, but that's just the...
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...Drug-Induced Osteoporosis: A Review of Medications That Affect Bone Mineral Density Drug-induced osteoporosis is common and may result in significant morbidity and mortality for patients. The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined osteoporosis as bone density less than 2.5 standard deviations (SD) of the mean gender-matched, young healthy population (T-score at or below -2.5). Osteopenia is defined as loss of bone with T-score between -1 and -2.5.1 Many drugs have the potential to decrease bone mineral density (BMD). TABLE 1 lists the agents discussed in this lesson. Most of the disease states that are treated with these drugs also predispose the patient to low BMD, so the medication may be adversely affecting an already compromised bone structure.2 The most significant consequence of low BMD is a fracture.3 [pic] Bones provide support for movement, protect vital organs, and are the largest repository for calcium and other minerals.3 Ninety percent of the body's calcium is in the skeleton.4 Bone is constantly being remodeled, with old bone being resorbed and new bone forming.4,5 The rate of annual calcium turnover is 100% in infants and 18% in adults. The cycle of bone resorption and consequent formation is approximately 100 days.4 Process of Bone Remodeling Bone remodeling is a complex, highly orchestrated process involving the balance of many factors. The cycle of bone remodeling occurs in stages, beginning with the formation of osteoclasts, bone resorption (by osteoclasts)...
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...2 axes. It allows to move from side to side and to from and back (Encyclopaedia Britania 2018). Wrist joint (Figure 8, Culta.info,2018) Saddle joint have reciprocally concavo-convex. It has similar movement as ellipsoid but with third axes that allow addition rotation (Human anatomy,2010). First carpometacarpal joint (Figure 10, Human anatomy,2010) In hinge joint articular surfaces are pulley shaped. The movement is from side to side and to the front (Human anatomy,2010). Elbow Knee (Figure 11, Orthopod,n.d) (Figure 12, Day-eye.com,n.d) Pivot joints are formed by a central bony pivot surrounded by an osteo-ligamentous ring. One a pivot rotates within a ring or in the other a ring moves around a pivot (Encyclopaedia Britania 2018). Superior and inferior radioulnar joint (Figure 13, Human anatomy,2010) Task 3 Mohamed changed his job which decreased the exercise as he used to work on building sites and now he works in office. It is possible he didn’t realise the change and kept the same diet, this could lead to possible weight gain. BMI (Body mass index) is to indicate if the person is underweight, obese or healthy. BMI can be calculated by persons weight in kg divided by the height in meters squared. Healthy person has BMI between 18.5 – 24.9. Mohamed’s BMI is 31 which is in obese group. Obesity can lead to serious conditions such as stroke...
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...ANALGESICS Defining pain: * * PAIN: an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage * NOCICEPTIVE: activation of normal pain fibres in response to a noxious stimulus (e.g. injury, disease, inflammation); may be somatic (e.g. involving superficial structures such as skin and muscle) or visceral (e.g. involving deeper organs such as liver, pancreas) * NEUROPATHIC: injury or disease affecting the peripheral (e.g. diabetic neuropathy, phantom limb) or central (e.g. spinal cord injury, post stroke) nervous system or both (e.g. postherpetic neuralgia) * MIXED NOCICEPTIVE/NEUROPATHIC: e.g. cancer some cancer-related pain * BREAKTHROUGH PAIN: occurs between regular doses of an analgesic and reflects an increase in the pain level beyond the control of the baseline analgesia. This may just be an occasional natural fluctuation in pain or, if frequent, reflect inadequate baseline analgesia or management * INCIDENT PAIN: occurs with, or is exacerbated by, physical activity or an event such as a wound dressing. Inadequate stabilisation of a fracture or cough can also cause incident pain Classification of pain: | Nociceptive - superficial somatic | Nociceptive – deep somatic | Nociceptive – visceral | Neuropathic | Origin of stimulus | Skin, subcutaneous tissue, mucous of mouth, nose, sinuses, urethra, anus | Bones, joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, superficial...
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