Adaptation is a cellular reaction to avoid injury.
A stressor is a chemical agent that causes stress to an organism.
Cellular adaption includes changes in cell size, number of cells and type of cells in order to accommodate with the changes in the environment.
Hypertrophy is an increase in the size of the individual cells leading to the enlargement of the affected organ without changing the number of cells. It occurs when the cells are unable to divide.
Hyperplasia is the formation of more cells. The cell number is increased and the cells are replicating. As a result, the tissue increases in size.
Atrophy is when the cell size is decreased by reducing its functional parts becoming atrophic.
Metaplasia is where one tissue type is replaced by …show more content…
Physiologic Adaptation Physiologic adaptation is the ability of a living organism to adjust to its environment and maintain homeostasis. It involves the regulation of genetics that facilitates survival and growth for a long period of time.
2. Pathologic Adaptation Pathologic adaptation allows the cells to modify their functions and structure in order to avoid injury by responding to the stress.
3. Hypertrophy Physiologic Hypertrophy - caused by an increase in functional demand, amount of workload or stimulation by hormones and growth factors.
Example: enlargement of skeletal muscle with exercise (muscle enlargement in bodybuilders)

Pathologic Hypertrophy - This takes place in heart muscles when the amount of blood needed to be pumped out of the heart per contraction is increased due to damaged valves in the heart or high blood pressure.

4. Hyperplasia Physiologic Hyperplasia - This happens when there is a need to increase the functional size of hormone sensitive organs, functional compensatory after damage of an organ because of the action of hormones and growth factors.
Causes: Hormonal - increase in the size of the breasts during pregnancy Compensatory - hyperplasia occurring following the removal of part of an