...The X-Files is one of the brilliant examples of television series, originated as a cult show and dawned into the renowned show among a wider range of audiences, including the academia. For nine seasons, the show ran for about ten years. After becoming so popular, The X-Files developed two films for dedicated fans across the world. One may wonder what is it that makes a long running show consistently interesting to the general audience, fans, scholars, and even critics. A possibility is the usage of metaphor and genre in order to explore wider themes that are not immediately apparent to the viewer regarding subject matter. To put it simply, The X-Files goes beyond the limitations of horror and sci-fi. The creation of The X-Files emerged when a new and upcoming company called Fox joined network competitors such as NBC, ABC, and CBS. Fox, as a forerunner in showing television where viewers could not find anywhere comparable, embraced the unusual and controversial series based on the paranormal and bizarre phenomena. The show follows two FBI agents who investigate the paranormal from two different viewpoints, a believer and the other a skeptic. The X-Files on the Fox network was beginning nightly hour-long shows directed towards the teen to middle-aged viewers. In order to become popular for such a broad range of viewers, the series needed to attract these masses using a language they understood and meeting their expectations, such as desired genres. The mixture of the target viewer’s...
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...why some develop an aversion to writing and would do almost anything to avoid it. WRITING APPREHENSION DEFINED the term as the tendency to experience high degrees of anxiety when asked to write, resulting in an approach-avoidance conflictive state which manifests itself in one’s behaviors, attitudes, and written products. Behaviors 1. They tend to select careers which they perceive to require little or no writing. 2. They tend to avoid courses and majors which require writing on a daily basis. 3. They write very little out of class. 4. They lack role models for writing at home, in school, and in the society at large. 5. They score lower on tests of verbal ability (SAT), reading comprehension, and standardized tests of writing ability used for college placement. 6. They do not necessarily lack motivation. Attitudes 1. Their self-concept is often lower, and they may lack self-confidence. 2. They report low success in prior experiences with school-related writing. 3. They have received negative teacher responses to prior writing attempts. 4. They are more apprehensive when writing personal narratives in which they must express personal feelings, beliefs, and experiences. 5. They exhibit less apprehension when writing argumentative persuasive essays in which they are told not to inject personal feeling and not to use the first-person point of view. Written Products 1. They have more difficulty with invention— getting ideas of what to write. 2. They produce...
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...Page 1 PSYCHOLOGY IN THE CONTEXT OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE • What is ‘psychology’ and why is it so important in the context of health and social care? • What do we mean by ‘health’ and why is psychology central to the effective delivery of health and social care? • What are the main approaches to psychological thinking and research? • Who are psychologists and what do they contribute to the promotion of health and well-being? Introduction This chapter emphasizes the importance of psychology in the context of health and social care. For many years, psychology and the other social sciences were viewed by the medical profession as ‘soft sciences’, interesting but unimportant. With the advent of research into the links between physical and mental states in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries it is now possible to demonstrate that psychology can make a fundamental difference to physical as well as mental health. In this chapter, we explore the nature of psychology and its relevance to health and social care. We outline the different schools of thought and methods of inquiry in psychology. We seek to distinguish between psychology as an academic discipline and popular notions of psychology, and identify professionals whose practice is mainly concerned with the application of psychology. In order to show how psychology can be applied to health and social care, we introduce a family scenario whose characters appear in examples throughout the book. What is psychology...
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...Chapter 13- Kelly * How is Kelly’s theory categorized? Phenomenology, cognitive, existential, and humanistic theories. * What is constructive alternativism? People are free to construe reality any way they want: no one is bound by one’s biography. * How is it related to Vaihinger and Adler? Propositional thinking * What is the fundamental postulate? A person’s processes are psychologically channelized by the ways in which he/she anticipates events. People as scientists. * What are the 11 corollaries? * Construction – a person anticipates events by construing their replications * Individuality – persons differ from each other in their construction of events * Organization – each person characteristically creates, for his or her convenience in anticipation of events, a construction system with a defined ordinal relationship. * Dichotomy – a person’s construction system is composed of a finite number of dichotomous constructs. * Choice – a person chooses for oneself that alternative in a dichotomized construct that promises the most growth for him or her. * Range – a construct is convenient for the anticipation of a finite number of events * Experience – a person’s construction system caries as he or she successfully construes the replication of events. * Modulation – the variation of a person’s construction system is limited by the permeability of the constructs within that range of convenience...
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...Tips for Maximizing your Admission into a Professional Program Midwestern University–Glendale Campus offers the following degree programs: Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O) Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) Master of Medical Science in Physician Assistant Studies (M.M.S.) Master of Occupational Therapy (M.O.T.) Master (M.B.S.) of Biomedical Science Master of Arts in in Biomedical Science (M.A.) Master of Science in Cardiovascular Science (M.S.) Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (D.P.M.) Master of Science in Nurse Anesthesia (M.S.) Master of Arts (M.A.) in Clinical Psychology and Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) Doctor of Dental Medicine (D.M.D.) Doctor of Optometry (O.D.) Doctor of Physical Therapy (D.P.T.) Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (D.V.M.) Master of Science in Speech-Language Pathology (M.S.) AWARENESS • • • • • Obtain brochures from professional programs you are interested in. Learn about the career you are interested in by visiting the professions’ websites. Visit with or speak to an academic advisor from the professional program to have questions answered. Be smart about taking advice from other students. Confirm all information before making any decisions. When requesting information from a program, speak clearly so the proper information can be sent to you. RESEARCH • • • • • • Research prospective colleges and request brochures and catalog. Visit each college’s website. Be familiar with the curriculum...
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...Outline and evaluate the multi-store model (12) | A01Atkinson and Shiffrin argued that there are three memory stores: 1. sensory store 2. short-term store 3. long-term storeAccording to the theory information from the environment is initially received by the sensory stores. (There is a sensory store for each sense.) Some information in the sensory stores is attended to and processed further by the short-term store. In turn some information processed in the short-term store is transferred to the long-term store through rehearsal or verbally repeating it. The more something is rehearsed the stronger the memory trace in the long-term memory. The main emphasis of this model is on the structure of memory on rehearsal | A02Case studies support to the multi-store modelGlanzer and Cunitz found that when rehearsal is prevented, the recency effect disappears.There is evidence that encoding is different in short term and long-term memory. For example Baddeley There are huge differences in the duration of information in the short term and long term memory (Peterson & Peterson). (Bahrick et al.)oversimplified. (reductionist) | Outline and evaluate the working memory model (12) | Episodic buffer was added by Baddeley in 2000 | Active process: PET scans Amnesiac case studies Shallice & Warrington (1974) Baddeley (1986) found that patients with damage to their frontal lobe had problems concentrating suggesting damage to the central executive (researcher biased) | Outline...
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...American Psychological Association, Inc. 0O22-O663/01/S5.OO DOI: 10.1037//0022-0663.93.1.55 Academic Self-Efficacy and First-Year College Student Performance and Adjustment Martin M. Chemers, Li-tze Hu, and Ben F. Garcia University of California, Santa Cruz A longitudinal study of lst-year university student adjustment examined the effects of academic self-efficacy and optimism on students' academic performance, stress, health, and commitment to remain in school. Predictor variables (high school grade-point average, academic self-efficacy, and optimism) and moderator variables (academic expectations and self-perceived coping ability) were measured at the end of the first academic quarter and were related to classroom performance, personal adjustment, stress, and health, measured at the end of the school year. Academic self-efficacy and optimism were strongly related to performance and adjustment, both directly on academic performance and indirectly through expectations and coping perceptions (challenge-threat evaluations) on classroom performance, stress, health, and overall satisfaction and commitment to remain in school. Observed relationships corresponded closely to the hypothesized model. Change can be unsettling. The transition from high school to college can place significant demands on young adults (Tinto, 1982,1993). College life can be demanding and stressful for a new student (Noel, Levitz, & Saluri, 1985) and requires higher levels of independence, initiative...
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...04/28/2016 Steffen Fuller, PH. D. Neuropsychological and Personality Assessment. CASE 1#: * 33 years old female, Master’s degree-level education. * She and husband in process of divorcing; have 2 small children * Pt. report increased anxiety in recent month, manifesting in interrupted sleep, worry over possible custody battle with husband, and paranoid thoughts that husband is stalking her. * Pt. also reports that she has new boyfriend, is attracted to other men and feels guilty about this. * Husband reports that pt. is emotionally unstable and has threatened, at different times, both his and her own safety. Questions: 1. Does pt. have an anxiety disorder or is she merely reactive to situation stress? 2. Is there evidence in the test data of bipolar disorder? Depression? Generalized Anxiety Disorder? Acute Stress Disorder? Paranoia? 3. Comment on possible Axis II (personality disorder) features. 4. What recommendations would you make for this woman with respect to her marriage relationship, her parenting issues and needs/ directions for psychotherapy? What specific treatment options would you recommend regarding these areas of functioning and why? WAIS IV RESULTS: VERBAL COMPRENSATION: 115 PERCEPUAL REASONING: 124 WORKING MEMORY: 110 PROCESSING SPEED: 128 RORCHACH RESULTS: 1. A bug. That’s it. W F+ AD(ANIMAL DETAILS) 2. A dead bug. … be it’s bleeding. That’s it. W FMC (SPECIAL PHENOMENUS=BLOOD) 3. A praying...
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...Running Head: Dementia in older adults The issue of dementia in older populations is a very prevalent and growing issue. Memory loss and dementia are increasingly prevalent issues that affect older adults and their spouses (McClive-Reed 2010). Due to the fear that surrounds dementia in older patients, a prognosis could lead to a diminished sense of self and reduction in the quality of life, not just for said patient but also for the families or caregivers. In order to better understand dementia and those who suffer from it, let’s look at potential strategies and challenges to engage dementia clients, how to conduct a biopsychosocial assessment of dementia clients, and take ethical consideration into account in respect to a single client that I have chosen, EP. EP is a sixty-nine year old African American female who was previously diagnosed with dementia as well as depression. I met EP after she was admitted to the short-term involuntary psych unit at the hospital to which I am employed as a mental health associate, making me one of her immediate caregivers. She was admitted after proving to be a danger to herself during screening, where it became known that the patient stopped taking appropriate dosages of her medication and became unable to appropriately care for herself as a result. When EP is doing well with her medications, she is able to live a very independent and healthy lifestyle, but this lasts only temporarily as this is not the first time that she has been...
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...ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN THE WORK PLACE PART I – SECTION I - REFERENCE LIST Search Strategy To facilitate my search criteria, I sought the use of various search engines such as Google scholars, Bing, ProQuest and Academic OneFile. In order to identify what I was meant to research and comprehend, I used certain keywords and certain phrases which are relevant to the topic I picked. The following are the keywords that I picked for search purpose • Causes of anxiety in workplace • Workplace depression • Effect of Alcohol and drug dependence on workplace • Anxiety and work environment • Boredom in job • Stress in workplace • organizational commitment & employee discontent • Physical fitness and work related issues • Dealing with Anxiety and Depression • Coping with Anxiety and Depression • Impact of anxiety and depression on organization and economy I had analyzed the various key words which are related to the topic and compared sourced information from other related sites for the topic. To find how organizations deal with anxiety and depression and how this affects other employees I initiated discussions with the human resource dept and the different chiefs of the company that I work, namely Gulf Cement Co. The Preliminary research question that I will be addressing in the literature review What are the effects of anxiety and depression in the work place and how organizations deal with it? A list of 6 – 8 Keywords and their definitions...
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...Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran g School of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Abstract Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between various study skills and academic performance of university students. Materials & Methods: A total of 179 male and female junior and senior medical and dental students participated in the present study. The instrument was "Study Skills Assessment Questionnaire" taken from counseling services of Houston University. The content validity of this questionnaire was approved by ten psychologist and faculty members of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. The data were collected and analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The findings of the study showed that the study skills scores of university students with a grade point average (GPA) of 15 or more (out of 20), were statistically higher than that of those students with a GPA of less than 15 in all of the 7 skills of time...
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...Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank to accompany A First Look at Communication Theory Sixth Edition Em Griffin Wheaton College prepared by Glen McClish San Diego State University and Emily J. Langan Wheaton College Published by McGrawHill, an imprint of The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright Ó 2006, 2003, 2000, 1997, 1994, 1991 by The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The contents, or parts thereof, may be reproduced in print form solely for classroom use with A First Look At Communication Theory provided such reproductions bear copyright notice, but may not be reproduced in any other form or for any other purpose without the prior written consent of The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. PREFACE Rationale We agreed to produce the instructor’s manual for the sixth edition of A First Look at Communication Theory because it’s a first-rate book and because we enjoy talking and writing about pedagogy. Yet when we recall the discussions we’ve had with colleagues about instructor’s manuals over the years, two unnerving comments stick with us: “I don’t find them much help”; and (even worse) “I never look at them.” And, if the truth be told, we were often the people making such points! With these statements in mind, we have done some serious soul-searching about the texts that so many teachers—ourselves...
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...Personal Narrative He’s a runner, and he’s run many difficult races. But not one race has been more challenging than this one. His name is Ricky, but before we get into more detail about him, let me take you back a few years first, to his first ever cross country race. The year was 2006 and he was in 4th grade. His three weeks of training for this two mile race were going to be put to the test. Ricky took his spot on the starting line and waited anxiously for the gun to fire. Rick was a very anxious kid growing up. He often had anxiety and panic attacks when he would worry about something. Ricky missed an entire week of school in 2nd grade just because he thought his parents were going to leave him, so he pretended to be sick....
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...RESEARCH DETAIL TITLE : Effectiveness and Appropriateness of Therapeutic Play Intervention in Preparing Children for Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study. RESEARCHER: 1. Cheung Li, PhD, is an Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing Studies, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong. 2. Violeta Lopez, PhD, is a Professor and Head of School, School of Nursing (NSW and ACT), Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, NSW, Australia. SUBMITTED DATE : January 25, 2007 ACCEPTED DATE FOR PUBLICATION : July 21, 2007 PUBLISHED DATE : April, 2008 JOURNAL : Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing INTRODUCTION It can be observed today that nursing is a dynamic profession,both internally and externally due to constant change occurring in the profession. As a dynamic profession, nursing is responsive and is adapting to meets the needs of patients and the public.Nursing is a practice discipline, which is dependant upon a high level of professionalism,ethics and human values that demand for intellect, skills and a high sense of social responsibility.The knowledge and essential skill that increased dramatically make nurses leading and developing new services in health care delivery. Nurses roles and resposibilities will continue to change in line with the health reforms that are improving care for patients.Therefore, nurses need to be encouraged...
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...opportunity to understand better the material being studied. What does the research say about peer tutoring? In reviews of peer tutoring programs, researchers found: * When students participated in the role of reading tutor, improvements in reading achievement occurred * When tutors were explicitly trained in the tutoring process, they were far more effective and the students they were tutoring experienced significant gains in achievement * Most of the students benefited from peer tutoring in some way, but same-age tutors were as effective as cross-age tutors (Burnish, Fuchs & Fuchs, 2005; Topping, 2008) Some benefits of peer tutoring for students include higher academic achievement, improved relationships with peers, improved personal and social development as well as increased motivation. In turn, the teacher benefits from this model of instruction by an increased opportunity to individualize instruction, increased facilitation of inclusion/mainstreaming, and opportunities to reduce inappropriate behaviors (Topping, 2008). There is an old saying: “To teach is to learn twice.” Peer tutoring is a beneficial way for students...
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