...Health care financing continues to stir debates around the world. Many low and middle income countries especially, keep on exploring different ways of financing their health systems. The government of Ethiopia initiated social health insurance to be applied first on the formal employer with compulsory membership of the system and the members will get health service including their family from contracted health facility with the Ethiopian health insurance agency by contributing a pre-service payment. The health insurance agency will control and manage the insurance system in the country. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess civil servants’ perception and associated factors on the proposed social health insurance working in Gulele sub-city. Methods: A cross-sectional study design with quantitative and qualitative method of data collection will be used. The study will be conducted in Gulele sub city. Budget: The data will be collected from March to April 2014 and a total of 10,476 ETB. illujk be required to accomplish this work. Acknowledgment I would like to express my deepest...
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...Gideon v. Wainwright | By Caroline Repke | Newsletter Date Volume 1, Issue 1 | Yakey, Randal. "Panama City Case Changed Legal History 50 Years Ago." News Herald [Panama City] 17 Mar. 2013: n. pag. Student Research Center. Web. 11 Mar. 2014. Yakey, Randal. "Panama City Case Changed Legal History 50 Years Ago." News Herald [Panama City] 17 Mar. 2013: n. pag. Student Research Center. Web. 11 Mar. 2014. America at this time: America at this time: | | | On June 3rd, 1961, Clarence Earl Gideon broke into the Bay Harbor Pool Room on Everitt Avenue in Panama City, Florida. A witness said that Gideon had been stealing money from the vending machines, and police later found him with more than $25 in change in his pockets. Gideon was arrested for vagrancy and was charged for breaking and entering. During his first trial, Gideon asked the judge to appoint him a defense attorney, as he was unable to afford one. The judge refused though, stating that he could only provide Gideon with an attorney if he had been charged with a capital offense. Gideon argued that he was entitled to an attorney because of what the Sixth Amendment states. Nonetheless, Gideon was put on trial and was sentenced to five years in prison on August 4th, 1961. While in prison, Gideon wrote a writ of habeas corpus, which was a letter demanding that he be brought before the court once more in order to determine if he had been held legally or should be released. Gideon first sent this to the Florida...
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... Consumer Choice in the Health Insurance and Provider Markets: A Look at the Evidence Thus Far may or may not be evidence-based. Because consumer choice of health plans and providers drives cost and quality outcomes, consumers are being asked to make use of these formally reported data as they assume greater responsibility for their health and health care decisions. Despite the momentum in this area, it is not easy for consumers to make evidencebased decisions about their health plans and providers. There are several reasons for this. First, there is a relative dearth of information on quality. Second, choosing between health plans is not as simple as it once was because there is no one-size-fits-all or “right” answer. Third, out-of-pocket costs are increasingly a factor. Consumers are also at a distinct information disadvantage when it comes to choosing providers, since they lack clinical knowledge and may not understand the full spectrum of factors that should be weighed in the decision (e.g., years in practice or board certification). However, consumers do not act alone in making these decisions, and the choices available to them—for health plans and providers—are sometimes limited. For example, employers affect the choice of health...
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...Athletic HISTORY The first modern-style indoor athletics meetings were recorded shortly after in the 1860s, including a meet at Ashburnham Hall in London which featured four running events and a triple jump competition. The Amateur Athletic Association (AAA) was established in England in 1880 as the first national body for the sport of athletics and began holding its own annual athletics competition – the AAA Championships. The United States also began holding an annual national competition – the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships – first held in 1876 by the New York Athletic Club.[14] Athletics became codified and standardized via the English AAA and other general sports organisations in the late 19th century, such as the Amateur Athletic Union (founded in the US in 1888) and the Union des sociétésfrançaises de sports athlétiques (founded in France in 1889). An athletics competition was included in the first modern Olympic Games in 1896 and it has been as one of the foremost competitions at the quadrennial multi-sport event ever since. Originally for men only, the 1928 Olympics saw the introduction of women's events in the athletics programme. Athletics is part of the Paralympic Games since the inaugural Games in 1960. Athletics has a very high profile during major championships, especially the Olympics, but otherwise is less popular. An international governing body, the International Amateur Athletics Federation (IAAF), was founded in 1912; it adopted its current...
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...Giant Pool of Money Analysis The awful subprime lending crisis is truly one of the most convoluted, wreaking messes conjured by the financial industries in the 20th century. There are so many layers of bad choices and megalomaniacal errors intertwined into this ugly event that picking out just two biases/heuristics to analyze and discuss will surely fail from being a complete analysis. Nonetheless, this is a the task at hand and, though we will not but scratch the surface of this behemoth, teasing out a couple biases will make for a viable illustration and application of the concepts and issues we have discussed thus far in class. The bias that caused the most havoc in this lending crisis scenario was articulated beautifully by Bazarman and Moore as The Confirmation Trap. The Confirmation Trap boils down to whether or not a person merely searches for data that supports the decision they wish to make rather than looking for proper, empirical data to prove the assumption correct. In other words, does a person looking to make a decision actually look to prove their assumption incorrect. Sadly, at nearly every stage and at every level of the subprime lending fiasco there is evidence that all the players fell victim to The Confirmation Trap. Wason writes, “ . . . that obtaining the correct solution necessitates a willingness to attempt to falsify hypotheses, and thus to test those intuitive ideas which so often carry the feeling of certitude.” None of the characters in our...
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... In private health doctors are able to charge their patients their own fee for services/medical consultations etc. Medicare will pay 75% which is known as the “schedule fee” , private health insurance will cover the 25% gap. However the AMA actually encourage doctors to charge more then schedule fee, allowing the doctors to make profit by those who can afford to pay for these consultations. Until recently private health insurance companies were restricted by law to cover the “gap” fee making the patient having to pay the 25% out of pocket. Now every health fund must offer at least one “no gap” or “known gap” policy. Gap cover is only available to claim if your doctor has agreed to be in this arrangement with the private health fund. This limits the choice of doctor you wish to see which in fact was a particular selling point of private health insurance. The client is still able to choose their choice of doctor however it must be from the pool of doctors who choose to cap their fees, making the choices limited. According to...
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...I. Executive Summary: CrossRoads, a partnership ltd. Company manufacturing high quality Billiard and Snooker Accessories in Bangladesh. We are the pioneer in manufacturing Billiard and Snooker Accessories in the country. The products we are manufacturing are Billiard Board, Balls, cue and range. In producing our products we are going to use the raw materials from our country. We will use Shagun wood from Sylhet which will be collected from Savar. Also we are going to use ceramics and plastics from RAK industries. Wood used in the making of table will be highly furnished so that the harsh weather of Bangladesh cannot affect any quality of the Billiard board. Our company is equally partnered. 5 members of our company each has 20% share in it. Our target market is upper and upper middle class people of the society. Our future plan is to export the Billiard board. The specialty of our product is high quality, user friendly. The establishment date of our business is 20-08-2012. Our sources of funds are personal investments and SME Loan. II. Brief Description of the business: 1. Name of the Business: CROSS ROADS Billiard Co. 2. Nature of the Business: Manufacturing 3. Sector/ Industry: Billiard & Snooker Accessories 4. Objectives: Provide quality Billiard board and Accessories to the potential customer. 5. Employment: Types of Employee | Skilled | Semi- Skilled | Unskilled | Permanent | 5 | 8 | 0 | Temporary | 2 | 2 | 3 | Total | 7 | 10...
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...Case Study: Online Marketing at Big Skinny Background Big Skinny is the company behind the “world thinnest wallet.” They have a cool brand and a product that customers love once they have seen the benefits. Their wallet technology appeals to customers for two primary reasons, the size & weight. Heavier and thicker wallets are more difficult to carry; they may not fit in your pocket and generally cause discomfort to carry. Carrying a very thick wallet in one’s back pocket can also cause back problems with associated posture issues from sitting on the offending item for long periods. Big Skinny also promotes additional benefits from standard skinny wallets including the ability to secure items due to the rubber coating on the interior, and the durability to machine wash their wallets without causing damage. Big Skinny’ initial success was a result of the products and sales approach. They were able to develop a cool brand and engage directly with customers at fairs & festivals. This in-person selling technique enabled them to articulate the key features of their product in a way that customers understood, but the sales model was not sufficiently scalable to allow them to grow as fast as they wanted. However the direct approach was still effective to promote the brand, connect with the consumers, and gather their feedback for use in wider efforts. Their move to mass-market promotion was started with print advertising (billboards, postcards, & newspaper/ magazine ads)...
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... Under a universal system, you don’t have to worry. Imagine you had to pay each month for access to use the police. If you lost your job and couldn’t afford the police bill and called 911, you wouldn’t get service. That sure sounds awful. The most fundamental underlying basis of universal health care is the fact that in the system, you don’t have to worry about not being covered. The United States spends more on health care as a percentage of GDP than any other developed nation. Countries that have some kind of universal coverage generally spend less. This is because the costs of a universal system are less than private. Drugs can be purchased in greater bulk, prices for services can be negotiated at a lower rate due to the larger pool, and a large singular system would reduce the overhead involved in processing insurance and medical services. Furthermore we already have laws in the US that require emergency rooms to see patients even if they don’t have any insurance. This costs the hospital money which they pass on to consumers and insurance companies. Under a universal health care system those that normally go without insurance would now be required to pay into it in the form of taxes. The distributed cost would bring down the personal expenses of those that already pay for insurance. Those...
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...Aqualisa Quartz Simply a Better Shower 1) In 2001 the Company came up with Quartz Standard Shower and Quartz Pumped Shower. The production and innovation used to create these two products provided the following value proposition to the two groups: a) Consumers : The consumers were unhappy with the existing showers in the market , they faced the following issues that were addressed by Quartz * Poor Pressure and varying temperatures of water * The life of the showers was limited , they would break after some time * Due to scaling, it becomes hard to turn knob of the shower * Getting a plumber to fix a standard shower Typically took 2 days and the waiting line for getting a plumber was 6 months due to shortage of master plumbers * Bulky set up for the shower The Quartz dealt with all these issues and more for the consumer, the developed a shower that addressed all the needs * It provided efficient and reliable water pressure at the press of a button * At the desired temperature of 41 degrees * The easy push button to control light on valve that flashed red every time the water was ready for use * It was safe to use for kids and the elderly didn’t need to struggle with the turning the tap * It didn’t require much time for installation, was easy and not bulky * It was perceived as efficient and incredibly convenient b) Plumbers : The main concerns faced by the plumbers were * They were skeptical towards technology and...
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...CASE STUDY: ROCHE’S NEW SCIENTIFIC METHOD QUESTION 1 For new drugs and size up toxicity risks earlier than ever. Projects needed to be managed in a totally different way. Roche can now churn out 1 million genomics experiments a day. Whereas research teams once spent years looking for a single good idea, they now must consider hundreds or even thousands of candidates daily. The data that is generated is overwhelming not only for the researchers, but also for Roche’s large infrastructure of computers. Despite the daunting task, the potential is too great for Roche to ignore. At a recent media briefing, Roche Group chairman and CEO Franz Humer declared, ‘‘look at this revolution of genetics, genomics, and proteomics. It’s becoming ever clearer that we will be able to identify early the predisposition of people to disease—and to monitor and treat them more effectively. We’ll develop markers for cancer. That will lead to better test kits and to new pharmaceuticals.’’ Thus, Roche’s U.S. pharmaceuticals headquarters is making adjustments to deal with having ‘too much data, too fast.’ Roche’s management has recognized that it needs to rethink the best ways to build teams, hire people, and create a culture where failure is all right, as long as it is fast. Roche has had to embrace an ¬-organizational revolution to accommodate the technological revolution. QUESTION 2 Roche mainly employs the Innovation strategy through the use of IT, driving change in organizational culture and...
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...[pic] Staff Manual 2014 Congratulations! You have been selected to work at one of the best summer day camps in Indiana. We thank you for deciding to join us and wish you a wonderful summer! Camp is an adventure into the heart, mind, and soul of children. This adventure not only touches the lives of many, many children, but also is an adventure that changes you. Children have a magical way of making you look at yourself in a whole new light. Take advantage of this opportunity. It’s only one summer at modest wages, but it may be the most meaningful summer for you and the children. What a perfect opportunity to play … to imagine, to create, to laugh, to love … and still be able to call it work. It’s hard to imagine a more rewarding job … where at the end of the summer you know you did something good … something that made a difference in the lives of children; something that made you a better person; and something that left the world a better place. It’s the opportunity of a lifetime. Take it! Note: This manual provides you with information necessary to perform your job this summer. It includes pertinent information from the Seasonal Employee Manual and specific information relating to employment with the summer camp program. You are required to read this manual in its entirety and are responsible for the material in it at all times. You are required to have your staff binder with you at all times and to have this manual in it. Failure...
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...Week 5 Case Study HSM 544 Healthcare Industry The American health care industry is one of the nation's largest and most profitable industries (Healthcare, 2011). The American healthcare industry "has consistently increased its share of GDP from only 7.2% in 1970 to more than 16.0% in 2008" and that figure is still growing (Van Horn, 2010). It is also one of the few American industries that is expected to grow in the next few decades. In fact, the healthcare industry in America is expected to generate 3.2 million new jobs through the year 2018, which is more than any other American industry (Healthcare, 2011). This industry includes everything "from small-town private practices of physicians who employ only one medical assistant to busy inner-city hospitals that provide thousands of diverse jobs" (Healthcare, 2011). It includes things such as doctors' offices, phlebotomy laboratories, research laboratories, outpatient care centers, nursing homes, residential care facilities, clinics of all sizes, and large hospitals (Healthcare, 2011). It is not only a large industry, but a very broad one with many potential investment opportunities and many potential risks. Government and Healthcare The role of government in the healthcare industry is a topic that leads to very active and divisive debate. People are either of greater government involvement or deeply opposed to any government involvement. Currently, healthcare remains an industry with a high degree of regulation, in terms...
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...NOTE ON 24x7 WATER SUPPLY THE CURRENT SITUATION IN INDIA Due to the rise in economy and the increase in migration to cities there is tremendous increase in water demand in recent years in urban areas and this is bound to grow in times to come. Piped water systems have been setup by the Government in most cities. The water supply in most Indian cities is intermittent i.e. a few hours per day, pressure is irregular, and the water is of questionable quality. No major Indian city has a 24 hour supply of water, with 4 to 5 hours of supply per day being the norm. State Governments in India are responsible for choosing urban tariff structures, and the result is wide variety in pricing practices. Currently in states where water and sanitation responsibilities have been legally transferred to ULBs, the reality has been that the ULBs have not become fully empowered, for instance: * The state retains responsibility for the appointment of key staff, who are often employees of centralized state organizations; * Decision making and implementation for capital expenditure remains largely under state control; * Key decisions on tariff remain at the state level; and * Arrangements for fiscal transfers between state and ULBs are complex, and do not provide incentives for improved financial performance. In effect, responsibility for the services is split between the ULB and the state. Inevitably, there is role confusion and a lack of overall accountability to the consumer. There...
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...For example, if a male employee makes $20/hour then a female employee is only averaging $16/hour. For a 40-hour work week, the average American woman is losing $160 and that translates into a copious amount of lost wages per year. One negative impact of this is that part of this has to do with women making up two-thirds of the employee pool for minimum wage jobs (“Gender Pay Gap, 2012”). Therefore, for years there has been legislative measures taken to investigate why the pay gap even exists. One aspect that has been looked at over time is the unanswerable question of why this a difference in pay cannot be explained and what we can do to wage war against the wage...
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