...and the newest YouTube video, it has become easier and more tempting to NOT do work- procrastination, progresses natural assassin. Solomon and Rothblum (1984) defined procrastination as the “act of needlessly delaying tasks to the point of experiencing subjective discomfort” (503). However procrastination strikes deep into every aspect of daily life and spans far wider than this paper can cover, so a focus will be brought on to procrastination in an academic setting. Academic procrastination is the intentional delay of starting, doing, or completing their important academic work in a timely fashion (Rabin, Fogel, & Upham, 2011). Ellis and Knaus (1977) estimated 95% of American college students procrastinate. Solomon and Rothblum (1984) through self reports discovered 46% of students admit to procrastinating, and 50% of those people reported it as a mild to severe problem. The prevalence of academic procrastination is varied from study to study, but it is unanimous that academic procrastination is a problem that must be addressed. Some of the consequences of academic procrastination are external, decreased progress/learning (Rabin et al., 2011), and increased health risk (Tice & Baumeister, 1997). Some of the consequences are internal such as depression, irrational cognitions, lower self esteem, and anxiety (Solomon & Rothblum, 1984). There are many negative aspects of academic procrastination. As stated earlier procrastination strikes deep into every aspect of daily life, it is...
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...0033-2909/07/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.65 The Nature of Procrastination: A Meta-Analytic and Theoretical Review of Quintessential Self-Regulatory Failure Piers Steel University of Calgary Procrastination is a prevalent and pernicious form of self-regulatory failure that is not entirely understood. Hence, the relevant conceptual, theoretical, and empirical work is reviewed, drawing upon correlational, experimental, and qualitative findings. A meta-analysis of procrastination’s possible causes and effects, based on 691 correlations, reveals that neuroticism, rebelliousness, and sensation seeking show only a weak connection. Strong and consistent predictors of procrastination were task aversiveness, task delay, selfefficacy, and impulsiveness, as well as conscientiousness and its facets of self-control, distractibility, organization, and achievement motivation. These effects prove consistent with temporal motivation theory, an integrative hybrid of expectancy theory and hyperbolic discounting. Continued research into procrastination should not be delayed, especially because its prevalence appears to be growing. Keywords: procrastination, irrational delay, pathological decision making, meta-analysis Procrastination is extremely prevalent. Although virtually all of us have at least dallied with dallying, some have made it a way of life. Estimates indicate that 80%–95% of college students engage in procrastination (Ellis & Knaus, 1977; O’Brien, 2002), approximately 75% consider...
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...kaluadagang2@gmail.com TUTOR’s NAME : DR. SITI HASNAH BINTI HASSAN LEARNING CENTRE : P.PINANG LEARNING CENTRE ACADEMIC PROCRASTINATION (Personality traits and academic achievement) INTRODUCTION Procrastination has more and more become a matter of interest across multiple disciplines (Ainsle, 2005); Academic procrastination is defined as the intentional and needless deferral or delay of work that must be completed to the point of experiencing discomfort (Schraw, Watkins, & Olafson, 2007; Solomon & Rothblum, 1984). A few students use procrastination as an active, strategic behavior (Chu & Choi, 2005; Corkin, Yu, & Lindt, 2011; Steel, 2007); however, the present study uses the most common definition of the term procrastination to refer to the passive, needless delay of work on any academic task. In Zimmerman’s model, procrastination falls in the performance control phase, and has been described as the quintessential failure of self-regulation (Steel, 2007). In general, the academic procrastination behavior is a problem for a number of college or university students. A student procrastinates with regard to starting an assignment, and is unable to devote enough time to complete the assignment. As a result, there is a risk of a decrease in the quality of the assignment or of missing the deadline. This research makes the hypothesis that procrastination is related to the following personality trait factors: (1) the task difficulty (2) the students’ effort (3) enjoyableness...
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...Overcoming Personal Procrastination Overcoming Personal Procrastination Abstract This paper will identify a personal problem of procrastination, where I will find solutions to help correct this problem, evaluate the information I have gathered, and explain how I will use the information to implement correction to my personal procrastination. Overcoming Personal Procrastination In my life I think I have always procrastinated. I remember since childhood in elementary school and middle school finishing projects the last day or late into the night before the project was due. Through this class, I have learned that it is partially due to my intense perfectionism. I get nervous and sometimes anxious of the impending project. It also has to do with the uncomfortable feeling of the unknown. When I do not know what I am going to do for a project, or I haven’t read what is expected, I push it off. I tend to always hit my deadlines, but do so in a hurry which does not help me to actually learn what I am working for. I don’t always procrastinate, but I undeniably do it frequently. I definitely always mean the best- as I want to be the best. Unfortunately, procrastination does not do me any justice. In order to overcome my procrastination I will need to do more than recognize it. Of course, though, it is a very important first step to fixing the problem. Besides understanding procrastination and how it develops, I need to do more research on understanding it and find...
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...The Procrastination Problem By Susan J. Letham Procrastinators delay until the day after tomorrow what they know they should have done the day before yesterday. What does procrastination look like? We all put off working on unpleasant or tedious tasks from time to time. Washing the car, taking out garbage, cleaning windows, or making stressful phone calls are no one's idea of a fun way to spend time. But where most of us do this only occasionally, procrastinators do it most of the time, and that's where the problems start. Procrastination is a stress factor Procrastination is a behavior that leads to stress, because it makes plans and wishes fail at what should be the point of fulfillment: theater tickets and vacation packages sell out before procrastinators get around to calling. Planes take off, deadlines pass, jobs go to other applicants--the ones who got their resumes in on time. Procrastination has negative effects The Procrastination Research Group at Carleton University in Canada did an online survey. They received 2,700 responses to the question, "To what extent is procrastination having a negative impact on your happiness?" Almost one person in two (46%) said "quite a bit" or "very much," and around one person in five (18%) reported an "extreme negative effect." Procrastination threatens happiness Though procrastination is often trivialized, procrastinators suffer when their careers crash or when they otherwise fail to reach their potential. Long term and wide...
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...Hendry Widyanto Kate Goschen English 90 24 November 2015 How to Deal with Procrastination Procrastination is a bad habit. Procrastination is a term for psychological disorder that is characterized by people who delay a task or things that have to be done. People who exhibit symptoms like this are called procrastinators. In fact, according to one study, “80% to 95% of college students engage in procrastination, approximately 75% consider themselves procrastinators, and almost 50% procrastinate consistently and problematically” (Steel 65). Procrastination happens a lot in college students, and the amount of students who become consistent procrastinators are about half of the total of students. According to Statistic Brain Research Institute, there are 17,487,475 enrolled students in the United States (“College Enrollment Statistics”). It means, there are 8,743,738 students who become consistent procrastinators during this year. Although most of people think that procrastination seems to be unimportant, it can have a bad effect if the students procrastinate frequently. Procrastination is caused by procrastinators’ feelings that dominate the control and task characteristic. However, time management, understanding time, and rewarding themselves can solve the procrastination. Procrastination can be considered a common phenomenon in our life. Everyone procrastinates sometimes during their life, but not everyone is a consistent procrastinator. Procrastinators are the people who...
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...Time Management | June 12 2014 | | Overcoming The Working Struggle | Ghelarducci – Stephanie Ghelarducci – Stephanie Table of Contents Time Management Strategies 2 Procrastination 3 Defeating Procrastination 4 Overview 4 Time Management According to the article A Personal Approach to Organizational Time Management written by Peter Bregman, “The biggest and most destructive myth in time management is that you can get everything done if only you follow the right system, use the right to-do list, or process your tasks in the right way” (Bregman, 2013). This statement is false because there is so much that must be done and there is not enough time in a day to finish all of the tasks we have at hand. Living in a world filled with all this technology is still not enough to finish our day to day tasks even if we work for every single hour in the day and night (Bregman, 2013). We would still not be able to keep up with our work load along with our personal tasks that must be done, too. Thus, having minimal time in a day is why individuals stress over their work which causes more problems. Mastering time management strategies will help individuals tremendously in their work and personal lives, and decrease the amount of problems that arise in their days due to poor time management skills. Time Management Strategies It takes practice to manage one’s time and there are a number of steps one can take to help him or her in completing their everyday tasks...
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...Combat Procrastination with Time Management Daniel Orama COMM/215 12 November, 2012 Annie T. Oakes CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I certify that the attached paper is my original work. I am familiar with, and acknowledge my responsibilities which are part of, the University of Phoenix Student Code of Academic Integrity. I affirm that I have not submitted any portion of this paper to any previous course, and neither has anyone else. I have identified the sources of all information, whether quoted verbatim or paraphrased, all images, and all quotations with citations and reference listings. Along with citations and reference listings, I have used quotation marks to identify quotations of fewer than 40 words and have used block indentation for quotations of 40 or more words. Nothing in this assignment violates copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property laws. I further agree that my name typed on the line below is intended to have, and shall have, the same validity as my handwritten signature. Any assistance I received while producing this paper has been acknowledged in the References section. Student's signature (name typed here is equivalent to a signature): Daniel Orama Executive Summary Accomplishing work related tasks is what every employer expects from their employees. However, many times when tasks are not completed on time or at all, the majority of times it can be attributed to procrastination. Procrastination is a...
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...Academic Procrastination and Academic Achievement Luciano, Kristel Joy A. ABPsych 2-2 Introduction to Psychology Psych 125 Academic Procrastination and Academic Achievement Nowadays, procrastination has been a common phenomenon happening in our daily lives. This practice can be observe almost everywhere, in our home, at work, in different fields and especially at school. In this fast-paced era where everything seems to be moving quite rapidly. Some people find it difficult to manage their tasks and so they tend to result to procrastination. This practice can be observe most commonly in schools or universities especially on college students where the student needs to manage their time between tasks. Like studying for multiple tests, completing their assignments, reviewing for future quizzes, completing their term papers and projects and doing extracurricular activities which will determine their academic achievement or academic performance. Yet, students still engage themselves in delaying their tasks. This widespread phenomenon is also known as procrastination. Academic Procrastination According to Solomon and Rothlum (1984) The term procrastination is defined as the act of needlessly delaying tasks to the point of experiencing subjective discomfort or putting off that which is necessary...
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...The Thief of Time The Thief of Time Philosophical Essays on Procrastination Edited by Chrisoula Andreou Mark D. White 2010 Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © 2010 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The thief of time: philosophical essays on procrastination / edited by Chrisoula Andreou and Mark D. White. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-19-537668-5 (hardback: alk. paper) 1. Procrastination. I. Andreou, Chrisoula. II. White, Mark D., 1971– BF637.P76T45 2010 128'.4—dc22 2009021750 987654321 Printed in the United States of...
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...Research Strategy To Find A Solution For Procrastination Dakota Swanson GEN/200 20th September 2010 Research Strategy To Find A Solution For Procrastination “Procrastination is the Thief of Time; Year after year it steals, till all are fled” (Young, 1742, Night Thoughts I. 18). A more detailed definition, “Procrastination, the habit of putting tasks off to the last possible minute, can be a major problem in both your career and your personal life. Side effects include missed opportunities, frenzied work hours, stress, overwhelm, resentment, and guilt. The behavior pattern of procrastination can be triggered in many different ways, so you won't always procrastinate for the same reason. Sometimes you'll procrastinate because you're overwhelmed with too much on your plate, and procrastination gives you an escape. Other times you'll feel tired and lazy, and you just can't get going” (Pavlina, 2001, Overcoming Procrastination by Steve Pavlina). Procrastination like any other problem can be controlled if not solved. There are various ways in which one can begin the curative process. It is common knowledge that the first step to recovery is admittance of the problem, and then making that conscious effort to remedy that setback. To make that step, you must identify the root causes of your procrastination, how often do you procrastinate, what tasks you procrastinate more for whether is if for job related tasks or personal engagements, and the consequences. How it affects...
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...Personal responsability Personal responsibility means carrying out your own purpose, making that one promise to yourself and following through with it so that your life in all areas can be complete without complications. While attending school possessing this quality is very important to succeed in school. Personal responsibility is taking responsibility for your own actions and knowing what is right or wrong for yourself. Personal responsibility is necessary for college success because it creates a back-bone for what your about to accomplish. Class-time, studying, class mates, and teachers all need some sort of special attention, a time for just that one thing and to do you would need a promise; a promise to yourself to be and do the best that you can. First and foremost is to figure out you weaknesses what have you learned from past experiences. We all learn from our experiences which then takes you to different places in life and that starts from the taking responsibility for your own actions. We have to set goals and rules and promises to make all things work, but we also need to know what is most important than the other. With this the responsibility of it all comes into play. Playing something over again in your head, re-evaluating the situation to come to a conclusion of why and how you can do better. When we do badly on a test we usually beat ourselves up for it, wanting to know why. Well the first question would be, “how long did I study, where my time really was...
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...TIME MANAGEMENT AND PROCRASTINATION University of Phoenix Jennifer Toste GEN 200 Dr. Judy Hyatt 8/15/11 There are many times in an individual’s lifetime that he or she may come up against a hindrance of some sort. Each individual has his or her own obstacle in which he or she must learn to rise above whether it is procrastination, time management, or the inability to focus. These three obstacles procrastination, time management, and the ability to focus are obstacles in which I must learn to prevail. Out of the three of these obstacles the one that would be most beneficial to surmount would be time management. If an individual is able to conquer time management then, the other two obstacles procrastination and the ability to focus should become easier to overcome as well. The ability to manage appropriately one’s time seems like an easy task; however, this task does require one to know the definition of time management as well as learn self discipline. The best way to overcome any obstacle would be to identify the problem, become informed about the problem, and develop a solution that fits appropriately. I cannot efficiently and correctly manage my time as well as I have a habit of procrastinating. If I were able to overcome both of these obstacles I may improve my productivity greatly. “Time management refers to a range of skills, tools, and techniques used to manage time when accomplishing specific tasks, projects and goals. This set encompasses a wide scope of...
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...Procrastination Carlos Andres Navas GEN/200 May 31, 2011 University of Phoenix Procrastination Procrastination, a common problem that university students face every day; procrastination in a simple definition is putting off for tomorrow what can be done and should be done today. With so many distractions such as technology, friends, and hobbies, procrastination becomes harder to avoid. As I write this paper, the urge to procrastinate comes up, thoughts of I still have a whole week and a half creep up. This same thoughts go through many students; they become deceive and think they can finish an assignment the day before is do; some students take their chances and attempt to do assignments hours before is do. Even though this is possible in some cases, this only causes the students stress and in the majority of cases they turn in a very poorly done assignment. This student will obtain information on what causes procrastination and how to avoid the urge to procrastinate. The online university library, and search engines will be major tools that this student will use to obtain information on this issue. Procrastination is caused by varies reasons. Jhonplaceonline list the top 11 causes which, are complicated-task anxiety, fear of imperfection, indecision, priority confusion, boredom from minutiae, lack of focus, poor organization skills, laziness, lack of focus, early morning lag, post-launch fatigue. I feel the main reason I procrastinate is that I tend to be a perfectionist...
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...at the clock: it reads 2:30 AM. She texts her friend who is working on the paper as well and decides to take a break. She opens Snapchat and sends her friends who are also awake pictures of her computer screen. She looks at the clock: it reads 4:23 AM. She still has a paragraph left of her essay, and she quickly types something presentable. It is 5:10 AM, and she is finally done. She turns off the light and is finally able to slumber. People often put off important tasks, whether it’s something easy or challenging, until the last minute. It’s not something to be proud of, but it’s not something that one can easily overcome. As most know, procrastination, according to the online Cambridge Dictionary, is the act of delaying something that must be done, often because it is unpleasant or boring. Although many dawdle due to psychological factors, more people, especially students, now find themselves being drawn to ongoing distractions from advancing technology and easy access to social media platforms that are affecting GPAs, sleep patterns, and general health. Technology was initially...
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