...2012 Decriminalization of Prostitution The question that I am exploring is should society allow individuals sell sex for money? This question is important because taxpayer money is being spent on Vice Police Units who patrol known prostitution locations and go under cover. It’s also important because through out history social policy and public law has changed back and forth on the issue of prostitution. I am interested on this issue because recently my hometown of Ottawa, Ohio, has had a scandal involving our town mayor being arrested for solicitation of prostitution, causing the loss of his job and embarrassment for our town. My first source was a documentary series on the History channel called “Sex in the Ancient World” specifically the episode I watched was “Pompeii”. “Sex in the Ancient World” is written and directed by Kurt Sayenga. Kurt Sayenga got his start with his magazine “Greed” which covered punk rock culture and quickly rose to stardom trough his multiple documentaries and his feature films like “The Day the Earth Stood Still”. His experience shows he is a very creditable source because he has blockbuster movies and is a respected by all of the film community. In this documentary the core issue was sex in Pompeii in ancient times. Pompeii was small Roman city of 6,000 when Mount Vesuvius erupted in the year 76 AD and sealed the city in volcanic ash like a time capsule. Pompeii is the first definite proof of the occupation of prostitution. According to “Sex in the...
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...Prostitution. An age-old profession or an age-old problem begetting more problems? The United Kingdom is in the process of determining if and how to update or change its current laws regarding prostitution. In the midst of this determination, questions abound. Prostitution is no easy matter. In the age of women’s rights and the women’s movement, prostitution is a dividing factor. On the one end, it is the epitome of patriarchal abuse throughout centuries and perfected in our culture today. On the other end, it is a form of empowerment. And in between is the common person with his or her own take on prostitution as either abuse, a profession, or something a little of both. Alongside this culture of moral, cultural and legal uncertainty and to confound the problem is prostitution’s purported connection to international human trafficking for commercial sexual exploitation. Therefore, on the one hand, prostitution’s reason for being illegal due to immorality may be obsolete, but should it remain somewhat illegal or banned altogether because it is linked to another crime that transcends borders and cultures? The following is a discussion on the same, and in the end, it is hoped that some clarity may be revealed from a puddle of obscurity. First, a brief introduction will be given about prostitution and human trafficking. Second, the laws of the United Kingdom and international law will be reviewed and analyzed. Third, a comparative review of current legal systems and...
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...Why 18th Century Women Sought out Freedom through Prostitution Michelle E. Raines Lindenwood University Abstract This paper reconnoiters the reasoning behind prostitution, focusing mainly on the motives of an 18th century woman. The goal of this research is to provide readers with an explanation of why women resorted to prostitution for freedom. The paper will arrange for you primary sources supporting that prostitution plateaued because of lack of expression, racism, and feminism during the 18th century. The business of prostitution was so important to our society because it allowed women to join the workforce. Unfair treatment spawned one of the greatest highlights of women in this era that this paper will display for you. Why 18th Century Women Sought out Freedom through Prostitution Prostitution is recorded as beginning in 1721 when the French government sent women to the colony so the settled men would refrain from having sex with the Native Americans. These women had found that sex trade created them more freedom/independence instead of marriage. Soon after, the red-light district was formed to segregate the prostitutes. The act of selling sex was not illegal in the US and the law had not known the term “prostitution”. The law had no understanding of what to do, women were still social outcasts and officials looked for petty crimes to target these certain women. So we ask why these women turned to prostitution; freedom was sought through sexual acts due to the...
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...corrupting and bribing criminal justice officials and politicians, and run illegal underground businesses such as prostitution and human trafficking. Although organized crime is not a high priority to policymakers, the effects and destruction are equally as invasive and can be felt at the international, national, and local levels. “The economic impact alone is staggering: it [is] estimated that global organized crime reaps illegal profits of around $1 trillion per year” (Federal Bureau of Investigation, n.d., para 5). Under this regard, the policy needs to be put in place in order to assist with the threat, financially and to national safety, of organized crime groups. “With more open borders and the expansion of the Internet, organized criminals threaten the United States not only from within the borders, but beyond. Organized crime stretches far beyond the Italian mafia, encompassing Russian, Asian, Balkan, Middle Eastern, and African syndicates” (Finklea, 2010, p. 1). The perception of organized crime, the materializations of crime, society, the individuals involved, among other things differ internationally. “In tackling this problem, any approach must take into account the complications that arise in the implementation of policy regimes which often underestimate the significance of the cultural and local context and the dynamics at play within a state” (Gomis and Yorke,...
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...Organized Crime Lytrenda Herring CJA/384 May 9, 2012 Chontele McIntyre Organized crime is extremely severe in the United States, regardless of how much law enforcement cracks down on organized crime ring another is born. Organized crime is a difficult experience that can affect social, economic, political, and cultural spheres (Allum, Longo, & Irrera, 2010). When defining organized crime the meanings could be different depending on the perspectives of the legal profession, academia, government commissions, and other writers. Though some definitions are similar, there is no consensus of what defines a group as an organized crime group. In fact, there is no agreement that organized crime when trying to define the phrase (Mallory, 2007). Some may suggest that organized crime consists of participants who incorporate themselves into more or less complex systems for the purpose of committing crimes. Many attempts to define organized crime have been made, but because of its varied nature and origins, a definitive definition is difficult to develop. Experts have decided that organized crime organizations have certain characteristics that make them comparable to one another (Lyman & Potter, 2007). When considering the ordinary explanation of organized crime it does not subsist in dissimilar national and international juridical systems and law enforcement agencies. When using the expression of organized crime, organized crime should be used to refer to criminal groups that...
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...are surreptitiously synchronized through a nexus or syndicate for making money. Structured in a pyramidal hierarchy, criminals employ violence and bribery in carrying out operations. Threats of grievous consequences are made to the targets for internal and external control in their connections. ------------------------------------------------- Among the numerous types of political crimes, secret killing, violent politics, campus violence and militant actions are salient in Bangladesh. Organized crime in arms, drugs, humans, cattle, and other commodities takes place with India and Myanmar. Organized financial crimes include public sector corruption, domestic and transnational bribery, money laundering and so on. Organized social crimes include extortion, fraud, robbery, abduction, theft, etc.2 ------------------------------------------------- 1. United Nations General...
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...Personal Perception of Organized Crime Paper Jowanna Lovitt November 2, 2015 CJS/325 Sherryl Roten-West Personal Perception of Organized Crime Paper Organized crime have always been huge all around the world. The lifestyle of being in an organized crime group have become popular and trendy. It is like everyone wants to be a part of it because it brings wealth and prestige to those who do it rather well. They see organized crime groups as being important and it is presented all throughout social media, television shows, movies, and books. People young and old think that living like this is cute. It Is far from cute, it is downright disgusting. In this paper I will Define organized crime and describe my own personal perception of what I think organized crime is. I will also compare my perception to the actual definition and describe what characteristics that are associated with organized criminal behavior. The FBI defines organized crime as any group having some manner of a formalized structure and whose primary objective is to obtain money through illegal activities. (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2015) Such groups maintain their position through the use of actual or threatened violence, corrupt public officials, graft, or extortion, and generally have a significant impact on the people in their locales, region, or the country as a whole. (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2015).The five biggest organized crime groups ranked by revenue are Solntsevskaya Bratva with...
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...enforcement was more involved with the communities due to the fact that officers walked the streets on patrol. Officers talked with the citizens, and got to know the people within the communities. The result was a community that was not fearful, and that was trusting of the justice system. Years ago there was not the forensics to aid in a case, at the same time there was not today’s technology. As for the forensics this was a hindrance because it made figuring out who the criminal actually was much harder. In the same right the system did not have the technology of the criminals today, which at times can be very helpful for law enforcement agencies to find the criminals. In the mid-1900s began such things as organized crime groups, prostitution, and the start of prohibition, gambling, and corruption on a larger scale....
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...Prostitution; An Abolitionist Perspective We can learn a great deal about women and prostitution by studying the construction of prostitution as a « Social problem ». Two dominant questions oppose each other when it comes to prostition, One of them wich advocates abolition, and the other claiming its recognition as a full time job. These two positions appear to be largely balanced despite their opposition to the extent that they mobilize the same arguments, that is to say moral. But throughout his work, his analysis shows that prostitution is a widely heterogeneous universe, crossed by numerous divisions and whose participants are located mainly in the same position in the economic and social field. The first chapter explains the construction of prostitution and claims that it only creates misery and populism, as often when it comes to socially subordinate groups. In both cases, there is a certain essentialist representation of the prostitute - because often we forget men who engage in commercial sex, and the blurred boundaries of genders that include transvestites and transsexuals. More worryingly, it shows that some sociologists use their scientific legitimacy to defend highly ideological positions (in this case abolitionists). To get out of these preconceptions of considering prostitution not in only in the terms of sexuality – just like the idea of taboo in our society, but as a means of economical “subsistence” for individuals who practice it. This is often led...
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...officials and nonprofits across Minnesota are taking aggressive new action to crack down on buyers of prostitution — often white, middle-aged and married men — and boosting programs aimed at keeping teens out of the sex trade. Advocates want to shift from police intervention to prevention, after years spent toughening prison sentences for pimps and overhauling how the state treats sex trafficking victims. The new effort coincides with the attention Minneapolis will receive hosting the 2018 Super Bowl, an international event that will draw thousands of wealthy visitors and what experts say is a likely small surge in sex trafficking. But advocates say criminal sexual enterprise has taken root in the state and will remain long...
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...San Jose Pili National High School San Jose,Pili,Camarines Sur A Research paper in Fulfillment of the Requirements in English 10 Submitted to: JAEL P. OLAÑO Subject Teacher Submitted by: CHARISH JOY B. BAYOT 10-EINSTEIN March 2016 HISTORY OF VICES IN TEXAS The history of vice in the U.S. state of Texas has been an important part of the state's past and has greatly influenced its development. Vice activities, such as gambling and prostitution, have historically been a significant facet of both the state's culture and its economy. Law enforcement organizations have traditionally defined vice as including prostitution, gambling, alcohol and narcotics, and pornography. These activities, though always controversial, represented major influences in the state with some enterprises at times holding legendary status. The legal status of the individual activities has fluctuated substantially over time. Additionally during some periods individual communities and public officials have been accepting of many of these activities, even when they were illegal, because of corruption, because the activities were seen as inevitable, or often because the activities were economically important. Early Texas and the Republic of Texas Before the arrival of the European settlers in Texas, the plant peyote (peyotl in Nahuatl) had become a popular hallucinogenic among tribes in the Rio Grande Valley as well as parts of West Texas and Chihuahua. Tribes in the area included the Carrizo...
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...understanding of the problem of organised crime? Case study- Sicilian Mafia ‘Organized crime can simply mean systematic and illegal activity for power or profit. Today, however, the term is usually used in a second sense, and has become virtually synonymous with gangsters in general or the 'Mafia' or mafia-type organisations, in particular.’ (Woodwiss 2000:1) The term ‘Mafia’ often refers to an organised criminal syndicate or association that originally developed in Sicily during the nineteenth century at the end of feudalism when institutional reforms caused the diffusion of private properties without matching state enforcement. This analysis builds on the work of Gambetta (1993) who argues that the Sicilian Mafia originally sold landowners protection from attacks when State enforcement was unavailable and in such circumstances Mafia were used as a supplement for state failure. These protectors were so successful in their role that they resort to extorting money, by making crime and forcing the wealthy to buy their protection services. As a result they became an international organised criminal network, yet while it may be that the Mafia are viewed as an organized criminal syndicate, their very provision of protection can be seen as a legitimate business service and not organised crime. It is also the case that legitimate businesses co-exist with illegal ones, so it is not always simple to characterise the Mafia as organised crime. Additionally, the term Mafia alone has been...
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...Juvenile Justice Process and Corrections. CJA/384-Criminal Organizations December 3, 2013 Constant Wilson Organized Crime In this paper, I will describe my personal perception of organized crime. I will identify any assumptions on which my perceptions are based, and answer the following questions. How would you describe or define organized crime? How does your perception compare to the definitions in the readings? What characteristics do you think are associated with organized criminal behavior? In my mind, when I think of organized crime, I think back to the days of the mafia, the Costa Nostra. People like: John Gotti “The Teflon Don”, Al Capone, Charles “Lucky’ Luciano, Bugsy Seigel, and “Machine Gun” Kelly, powerful crime families like the Gambino and Genovese families. Powerful Men and Families that ran intricate schemes of criminal activity. These men were at times ruthless criminals and at times loving family men, proven by the fact that they called their gangs a family, even though not all the men in the families were related. A large part of my knowledge about organized crime comes from television, news, movies and books. Organized crime has been sensationalized in the entertainment industry for years. Movies like the Godfather, Goodfellas, and The Untouchables, and television shows, as The Sopranos made the life in organized crime seem almost normal. The fact that these men committed numerous crimes, both financial and violent, seems to have passed...
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...Personal Perception of Organized Crime “The FBI defines organized crime as ‘any group having some manner of a formalized structure and whose primary objective is to obtain money through illegal activities’” (Lyman, 2011). The IRS says that “organized crime refers to those self-perpetuating, structured, and disciplined associations of individuals, or groups, combined together for the purpose of obtaining monetary or commercial gains or profits, wholly or in part by illegal means, while protecting their activities through a pattern of graft and corruption’ (Internal Revenue Service, 2010)” (Lyman, 2011). Another definition of organized crime is from the Omnibus Safe Street Control Act from 1968 which states that “’organized crime means the unlawful activities of the members of a highly organized, disciplined association engaged in supplying illegal goods and services, including but not limited to gambling, prostitution, loan sharking, narcotics, labor racketeering, and other unlawful activities of members of such organizations’ (FBI 2010)” (Lyman, 2011). My personal definition for organized crime would be a group with a common interest in crime and profits. They all have a common goal of doing whatever it takes to make money like selling drugs, gambling, prostitution, murders, and many other illegal activities. I think organized crime is extremely dangerous because of how far these criminals will go to get their way. I feel like the definitions in our book justified how...
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... . Unethical Police Operation When a Police Officer abuses his authority, it is called police misconduct. Police misconduct is a broad term used to describe police corruption and police brutality which include violations of state and federal laws, the violation of an individual’s constitutional rights, and the abuse of police authority for personal gain: excessive force, false arrest and imprisonment, malicious prosecution, and wrongful death. (The Free Dictionary, n d.) Corruption is one of the world oldest practices and is defined as the abuse of authority for personal gain. Before the 1970, alcohol, gambling, and prostitution were the primary drivers of police corruption. Drug-related police corruption became a major factor after the 1970’s. Ethics involve making moral judgments about what is right or wrong. It is said that ethics provides a way to make moral choices when we are uncertain about what to do in a situation. Police officers everyday life involves this type of thinking and their code of ethics help prevent them from engaging in various types of corruption. Corruption Behavior The divergence of this sort of police corruption unquestionably affects how the public views law enforcement, especially perceptions of authority. Police corruption can defined as any prescribed act involving the misuse of the officer’s official...
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