...The public and private sectors are heading in opposite directions in labor-management relations. Private sector employers and unions are collaborating in an effort to meet the requirements of today's business realities; While recent government cutbacks have damaged the relationship between the public sector and its unions. Unions remain an important political factor (especially within the Democratic Party), both through mobilization of their own memberships and through coalitions with like-minded activist organizations. Both the private and public unions are very influential in politics but in different ways. In public unions, they are more influential in the local government and Private unions are more influential at the national level. This is due to their interest. Private unions are usually much bigger and have local unions across the country and thus they need to be political at the national level to influence people across the country. Public unions are smaller in they only needing political influence over there area. For example, if a City is having a bargaining issue, they are not going to call their Senator; they are going to call the City Manager. That is the person that has influence over their decisions. American union membership in the private sector has in recent years fallen under 9%--levels not seen since 1932. Workers seem uninterested in joining, and strike activity has almost faded away. The labor force in unionized automobile and steel plants...
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...Lit Review – Public and Private sectors The public sector as defined by the Business Dictionary as being part of the national economy and provides goods and services that cannot otherwise be provided by the private sector (Business Dictionary, 2014). Examples of these goods and services range from the procurement of electricity, to cleaning services, and water management to name a few. The public sector's main focus is that of service delivery (The Student Room, 2014). Due to human induced climate change many governments have requested their public sectors to change and optimize their supply chains to cater for green purchasing. As a result of this the majority of the European Union have effectively found ways to reduce the overall effect of their purchasing activities (European Union, 2010, page 1 paragraph 1). The procurement of public goods and services in the EU is done through the life cycle approach (European Union, 2010, page 3 paragraph 1). The life cycle approach that is used by the member countries of the European Union has 5 steps (Europa, 2014), the fifth step that has been added in recently deals with all the externalities that can occur while performing the assessment. In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) use the more traditional four step approach to evaluate the life cycle of the goods and services to be procured (EPA, 2014). And in South Africa there is a nine step evaluation method on how procurement of public goods and services...
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...and a third of organisations report that over the last year they have improved communications with staff about the benefits on offer and how to access them. Organisations are three times more likely to report an increase in well-being spend this year than a decrease, even in the cash-strapped public sector. Our findings imply this is a worthwhile investment. Seventy per cent of organisations offer some sort of health promotion programme. The most common initiatives, offered by three in ten organisations, include advice on healthy eating, stop smoking support, subsidised gym membership, health screening and healthy canteen options. Across all sectors, organisations that used absence as a KPI were more likely than those who don’t to offer a range of health promotion benefits, including advice on healthy eating (42% vs 15%), health screening (35% vs 19%), access to physiotherapy (30% vs 12%), walking pedometer initiatives (21% vs 8%) and stop smoking support (39% vs 17%). Most organisations surveyed provide one or more well-being benefit to all employees, even if they don’t have a specific well-being strategy. Most benefits on offer are available to all employees, particularly in the public...
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...Public organisations should be more business-like. Introduction There is no lacking of support in the society advocating that public organisations should be heading towards into a manner that is more business-like, in other words, to adopt the business model that private companies operate. However, there are also people in the public suggests that the public sector should keep its operating model for public and private organisations are operating to achieve different goals in the society. This article is aimed to examine whether organisations in the public arena should be run more business-like through situational examination, literature reviews and detail market analysis. In this paper, the author will discuss the difference between the public sector and the private companies in terms of business objectives, the uniqueness of public services offer by the public sector before the discussion of whether public organisations should run more business-like. Public Sector Vs Private companies By their very nature, public and private sector businesses are very different organisations operating to fulfil different objectives. The public sector has public accountability and therefore institutions in this sector is usually are owned and operated by the government. Organisations operate in the public sector, for example, the Royal New Zealand Police is under a mandate to provide a public service to safeguard the safety and wellbeing of the residents in New Zealand. The service is...
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...Problems of Private Universities of Bangladesh: The case study of Eastern University Submitted To: Dr. Syed Golam Maola Professor, Department of Management Studies Faculty of Business Administration University of Dhaka Submitted By: Md. Miraj Hossen MBA 7th Batch Stream: HRM Serial No: 52 Roll No: 395 Dept. of Management Studies University of Dhaka Date of Submission: 24th November 24, 2007 Objective of the Report: Following were the objectives of the study--- Broad Objective: The primary objective of the study is to meet the partial requirements to fulfill the MBA degree from Dhaka University under Management Studies Department and to enhance the practical knowledge about the specific area of the education in private universities of Bangladesh. Specific Objectives: To attain the broad objective following specific objectives were pursued: * To attain the knowledge about higher education in Private Universities of Bangladesh * To have better idea about the quality of education in Private Universities...
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... • San Francisco Private Sector Post-Secondary Schools — Do They Deliver Value to Students and Society? by Robert Lytle, Partner and Co-Head, Education Center of Excellence Recently, U.S. private sector post-secondary education providers have come under intense legislative, regulatory, political, and press scrutiny across a myriad of issues. Likewise, discussions in Washington, D.C. have focused on assuring quality outcomes for students by enhancing existing regulations and proposing new ones. Underlying this scrutiny is an apparent belief that private sector educational providers are likely to suppress investments in educational quality and student outcomes in favor of profits. As a result, there has been much subjective discussion around the private sector’s role in post-secondary education with a limited level of objective facts. In an effort to shed more objective light on the role of private sector education providers, The Parthenon Group examined the following question: Do private sector post-secondary schools deliver value to students and society? Over the past several months, through an analysis of U.S. Department of Education longitudinal studies, industry data, and primary research, Parthenon conducted a rigorous examination of the private sector’s ability to provide meaningful post-secondary outcomes. E d u c at i o n c E n t E r o F E x c E l l E n c E w w w. p a r t h e n o n . c o m Parthenon Perspectives Private Sector Post-Secondary Schools —...
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...The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 12-2 1.Public-Sector Employment and Wages Jump to first page 12-3 Government Employment 25.0 • The number of federal civilian and state and local government employees has risen over time. • The growth of federal employment has been much smaller than the growth at the state and local level. 20.0 Millions 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2004 2006 Federal Civilian Military State and Local Jump to first page 12-4 Relative Government Employment 16.0% 14.0% 12.0% 10.0% 8.0% 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2004 2006 Federal Civilian Jump to first page • The share of employment in the public sector has risen over time. • This increase is due to increased demand for government services due to factors such as the schooling needs of the baby boom, higher real income, public sector unions, and increased regulation. Millions State and Local 12-5 Public vs. Private Pay Most government units attempt to set pay equal to those to comparable privatesector workers. In the past, Federal government workers earned premium relative to their private sector counterparts. The premium has fallen over time. Public sector workers receive a greater fraction of the their compensation in the form of fringe benefits. Jump to first page 12-6 2. The Military Sector: The Draft Versus the Voluntary Army Jump to first page 12-7 Draft vs. Voluntary Army Before 1973, the military used to draft or...
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...InPublic Sector Insurance vs Private Sector Insurance Today , there are ‘n’ number of players in the market, belonging to either public sector or private sector insurance – LIC of India, SBI Life, Kotak, Birla Sun Life, to name a few – offering many unique products. Before you choose an insurer, you must decide whether you should you go for a private sector insurer or a public sector one? So what are the factors to be considered? Claim Settlement Ratio This is the ratio of number of claim settled by the company to number of claims received. While LIC had the highest claim settlement ratio, few private sector insurance companies such as ICICI Pru and Kotak also showed decent to good claim settlement ratio. Factors in favor of Public Sector Insurance Companies The claim process with public insurance companies is also relatively hassle free, and the insurance is not subject to endless number of terms and conditions. Take for example the terrorist attacks in Mumbai. The victims who had policies from private insurers were not compensated (the insurance companies said that death due to terrorist activities was not covered in their ‘terms and conditions’), while public sector insurer, LIC paid the entire amount claimed (This information is sourced from an insurance agent). Pros of opting a private sector insurance company. However a few factors that are in favour of private sector insurance companies are facilities like more variety and uniqueness in policy options...
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...AFRICA VS UNITED STATES In our world each country has a set of standards to follow in order to establish health care insurance for people in different communities. The state contributes about 40% of all the expenditures on health while the public health sector delivers 80% of the population. Many resources are concentrated in the private health sector. These resources see to the health needs of the remaining 20% of the population. Public health consumes around 11% of the government’s total budget. The way the resources are allotted, and the standard of health care delivered, varies from country to country. Although there are similarities between South Africa and the United States regarding healthcare, South Africa remains at a lower level than the United States because of funding, education, medical supplies, and equipment/ machines to complete diagnostic testing. South Africa has a private and public healthcare system. There are more than 200 private hospitals owned by different private physicians or large corporations. Private hospitals have 24,537 beds while public hospitals have 110,143, according to David Hidler of PHNP. Public health care is free to pregnant women and children under the age of six. Other patients receiving care pay on a fee for service basis. This means that the patient’s pays for only treatment received while under the physicians care. The gross inequity between the two sectors has led health ministers to threaten regulation that requires the private...
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...officers determined the need for private agencies which try to fill the gap between the need and supply of officers. Fear and concern about the safety of the citizens, protection of the property and more important the prevention of crime caused the growth of privatized security agencies. With most of the best officers recruited to the better paying jobs with Federal Government and with decrease of new recruits willing to “serve and protect” new economic opportunity arose for the private sector to fill in the gap. I will attempt to cover the legal, ethical, managerial, economic issues, evaluate the daily practices of both professions, and what the future may hold for them. (Stephens, 2009). In comparison, private policing is more adapt at the protection of personal and corporate interests whereas public police is more concerned and equipped to enforce the regulations of the judicial system and interest of the public. Described as passive policing, private policing is more proactive rather than reactive in its crime prevention efforts. The opposite to what public policing provides, which is more reactive in nature thank private policing. Position requirements for private policing vary and depend on the type of work to perform and state laws. There are few at best, statutes or laws, giving the private security industry any form of governmentally granted rights or powers to legitimize its existence. (Stephens, 2009). The high standards required by public policing is not regulated, accreditation...
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...and the amount of cash flows, Unrealistic discount rates or IRR assumptions. Methods such as profitability index, internal rate of return, breakeven, payback period and net present value are all discounted cash flows which are commonly used in practice. In 2001 Elijelly, A & Abuldris published an article “ A survey of capital budgeting techniques in the public and private sectors of a less developed country, Sudan” They concluded that most public enterprises in less developed countries, do not apply any capital budgeting methods when making investment decisions. The payback method was the most widely used followed by the Internal rate of return in the private and public sectors that did use capital budgeting techniques. “In contrast to the traditional discounted cash flow analysis academics are beginning to talk about and some companies have incorporated real option analysis and economic value added metrics into their capital budgeting decision-making process” (Farragher, et all 2001) Problems with the discounted cash flow models may have led some firms to go with the easier techniques. In “Capital budgeting models: theory vs....
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...Privatization*of*Port* *Development*and*Operation*and*its* Advantage* Group&'2& Anurag&Parashar&–&56& & Current&Scenario& & ! Having&a&coastline&of&more&than&7,&517&km&of&length,&Indian& port§or&encompasses&of&over&200&ports.&& ! There&are&13&major&and&about&200&non'major&ports&in&the& country.& ! &A&rising&need&for&robust&port&infrastructure,&strong&growth& potential.& & ! favorable&investment&climate,&and&sops&provided&by&State& Governments&provide&private&players&immense& opportunities&to&venture&into&the§or. & & && Type&of&Port& Public& Sector& corporate& Government& Managed& Private&Port& Ports& Ports 2013 MARCH There are two basic categories of ports in India Classification& & Ports in India Major Non-Major (minor) • There are 13 major ports in the country; 6 • India has about 200 non-major ports of on the eastern coast and 7 on the western coast • Major ports are under the jurisdiction of which one-third are operational • Non-major ports come under the the Government of India and are governed by the Major Port Trusts Act 1963, except Ennore port, which is administered under the Companies Act 1956 jurisdiction of the respective state governments’ maritime boards (GMB) For updated information, please visit www.ibef.org MARKET OVERVIEW AND TRENDS 5 orts 2013 MARCH Port&Map& jor ports in India Kandla Kolkata Mumbai JNPT Mormugao Ennore New Mangalore Cochin Chennai Tuticorn ...
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...service provision function [of the health system] is the most familiar; the entire health system is often identified with just service delivery.” The report states that service provision, or service delivery is the chief function the health system needs to perform (WHO 2000). As such, Figure 8.1 (see also Chapter 1, Figure 1.1) shows the relationship between service delivery and the other modules of this health systems assessment and their relationship with health system objectives. Because of the limited time to conduct this assessment, more emphasis will be placed on personal health (as opposed to public health) services and service delivery functions at the subnational level (i.e., the district, hospital, health center, health post, and dispensary levels). Health sector planning is covered in the Governance module, Chapter 6. For the purposes of this assessment, the private sector role in service delivery will refer to the following— • For-profit (commercial) and nonprofit (nongovernmental organization [NGO] or...
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...Relationship between Private and Public Police The relationship between public and private police has always been a one that is on the outskirts of each other. There is a thin line between what a private officer can and cannot do when it comes to enforcing the laws and rules on a property, there comes a point where they need the assistance of public officers who have the training and legal authority to handle a certain individual or situation. Although many of the individuals in the private sector have the same training as any public officer they cannot help in the situation because local laws set in place limit their authority. Although many states are starting to incorporate the private sector of security with the public side of it, it is a major work in progress. Private sectors do not receive the respect they deserve from the public because they do not have the same legal standpoint as public officers, with laws allowing private security the same authority as public officer a partnership could be works to have an officer in more square miles than there are now. If the public and private system join together and work with each other crimes could be solved faster and criminals could be caught faster. The separations of private and public security departments have been can be noted since the boom of private security companies in the early 2000’s and can be seen even before these years as private security has been around since the early 60’s, there are now major corporations...
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...AFRICA VS UNITED STATES In our world each country has a set of standards to follow in order to establish health care insurance for people in different communities. The state contributes about 40% of all the expenditures on health while the public health sector delivers 80% of the population. Many resources are concentrated in the private health sector. These resources see to the health needs of the remaining 20% of the population. Public health consumes around 11% of the government’s total budget. The way the resources are allotted, and the standard of health care delivered, varies from country to country. Although there are similarities between South Africa and the United States regarding healthcare, South Africa remains at a lower level than the United States because of funding, education, medical supplies, and equipment/ machines to complete diagnostic testing. South Africa has a private and public healthcare system. There are more than 200 private hospitals owned by different private physicians or large corporations. Private hospitals have 24,537 beds while public hospitals have 110,143, according to David Hidler of PHNP. Public health care is free to pregnant women and children under the age of six. Other patients receiving care pay on a fee for service basis. This means that the patient’s pays for only treatment received while under the physicians care. The gross inequity between the two sectors has led health ministers to threaten regulation that requires the private...
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