...Chapter 8 Quality Assurance and Quality Control 8 QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY CONTROL IPCC Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 8.1 Quality Assurance and Quality Control Chapter 8 CO-CHAIRS, EDITORS AND EXPERTS Co-Chairs of the Expert Meeting on Cross-sectoral Methodologies f or Uncertainty Estimation and Inventory Quality Taka Hiraishi (Japan) and Buruhani Nyenzi (Tanzania) REVIEW EDITORS Carlos M Lòpez Cabrera (Cuba) and Leo A Meyer (Netherlands) Expert Group: Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC) CO-CHAIRS Kay Abel (Australia) and Michael Gillenwater (USA) AUTHOR OF BACKGROUND PAPER Joe Mangino (USA) CONTRIBUTORS Sal Emmanuel (IPCC-NGGIP/TSU), Jean-Pierre Fontelle (France), Michael Gytarsky (Russia), Art Jaques (Canada), Magezi-Akiiki (Uganda), and Joe Mangino (USA) 8.2 IPCC Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Chapter 8 Quality Assurance and Quality Control Contents 8 QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY CONTROL 8.1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................8.4 8.2 PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN DEVELOPING QA/QC SYSTEMS ......................................8.5 8.3 ELEMENTS OF A QA/QC SYSTEM .................................................................................................. 8.6 8.4 INVENTORY AGENCY...
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...Abstract A quality assurance plan can be beneficial to any project because it not only assures that the project is in align with the company’s quality standards and goals. A quality assurance plan is a document, constructed by the project team that is meant to ensure that the final products are of the maximum quality. A quality assurance plan contains a set of documented activities meant to ensure that customers are pleased with the goods or services a company provides. Table of Contents Introduction 4 PDCA 4 Cost Objectives 5 Project Objectives 6 Roles and Responsibilities 6 Tasks 7 Conclusion 8 References 8 Introduction Project managers need to make certain that quality is managed successfully throughout a project’s lifecycle. A high-quality quality assurance plan aids in this endeavor. There are four steps of the quality assurance process: Plan, Do, Check, and Act. This paper will address what items go into a quality assurance plan. The quality assurance plan should define objectives, roles and responsibilities, coordinate with other plans, and define tasks and the schedule. Plan, Do, Check, and Act Plan, Do, Check, and Act or Plan, Do, Check, Adjust is is a four-step management tool that businesses use for control and continuous improvement of processes and products. The PDCA steps are: Plan- The first step in this phase would be to identify the problem and establish a plan of action to...
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...Quality assurance Contents ISO 9000……………..…………………………………………………………………………4 Gemba Kaizen………….………………………………………………………………………….7 References………………………….………………………………………………….................12 According to scenario, Susan Douglas is the vice president of quality at Flyrock tires. She was not sure how to communicate the quality standards of Six Sigma to the people of her organization. Flyrock had five manufacturing plants in the United States, and had another 20 facilities for other components used in the tire. Though Flyrock has always emphasized on quality issues, it has had a bigger concern over quality in the recent times, because of the recent fatal accidents involving tires made by other manufacturers due to tread separation. There was significant media coverage over the incidents and the manufacturers had a lot of pressure in improving quality. Douglas wanted to push through a quality control management program in order to improve the quality at Flyrock. For that she needed to build a solid case first (Article). There was a major quality issue at Flyrock. It had very little or no monitoring during the processes for quality control. “Given the large number of steps in building a tire, errors tended to accumulate. As a result, even if each step produced only 1 percent defects, at the end of 20 steps only 81.2 percent of the product would be of good quality. Since each factory produced about 10,000 tires per hour, such a process would result in about 1,880 defects...
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.....…… 6 • Control Chart……………………………………………………………………..……. 7 • Hypothesis Testing....…………………………………………………………….……. 7 Conclusion & Recommendations…………………………………………………….……..…… 7 Appendix A: Visual Representation of Data Collection……………………………………….…8 Appendix B: Collected Data………………………………………………………………………9 Appendix C: Histogram……………………………………………………………………….…10 Appendix D: Cause-and-Effect Diagram…………………………………………………...……11 Appendix E: Control Chart Data…………………………………………………………………12 Appendix F: Control Charts……………………………………………………………………… Appendix G: Reference Documents……………………………………………………………… Abstract Quality always has been an integral part of virtually all products and services. Quality assurance techniques and tools have been an evolutionary development as our awareness of their importance has increased. There has been a profound growth in the use of statistical methods for quality and business improvements over the last few decades. This project outlines the...
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...Quality Assurance Assignment 3 May 1, 2014 Rx for Improvement Assessment By identifying immediate problem areas that affected the employees and customers in the pharmacy area they were able to break down the problems and come to agreeable solutions. A few on the main problems that the analysis team identified was: long wait times, patient complaints, satisfaction scores, employee satisfaction, registration issues and reducing attrition. The main route problem of the study was how to reduce the wait time by in processing and out-processing patients. By finding a new solution to help these areas they were able to reduce the wait time and assist the actual flow of the pharmacy as a whole. One of the main problems that the analysis team was able to identify was the long wait times that customers were experiencing. This also caused problem with the staff because longer wait times meant irritated customers. By implementing new in and out processing procedures they were able to reduce the wait times by around 44 minutes instead of the almost 80 minute wait time. The way they were able to accomplish this was to decide the best approach for the beginning, middle and end of the experience as a whole. The beginning process included the initial contact with the patient, proper consulting windows and the waiting room area. The middle included everything that occurred in the actual pharmacy and the end included the checkout procedures. The beginning consisted of entering patient’s...
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...Quality Assurance ITS 400 – Information Technology Project Management Colorado State University- Global Campus Professor Britton September 18, 2014 Quality assurance is the, “…systematic process of checking to see whether a product or service being developed is meeting specified requirements” (Rouse, 2007). Quality assurance is particularly important in human resources. Employees bring life to the goals of an organization and can impact the morale and culture of the work environment. This specific organization is interested in hiring new instructors to teach a project management course. These instructors will help future project managers develop the skills needed to direct individuals in implementing new ideas. This makes the instructor the most important piece of the course, as their work will dictate the success of future projects. When hiring new instructors, human resources should use the following quality standards: competence, compatibility, commitment, character, culture, and compensation (Hall, 2012). These standards will aid human resources in determining if the possible candidate can help form the kind of project manager needed for the job. They will also allow the company to look at current instructors and evaluate if they hold the qualities that they are looking for. If not, the company can administer trainings and have individual meetings to address the topic. Project management requires dedication, perseverance, and patience. Instructors of these...
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...PSP, UN PROCESO DE SOFTWARE PERSONAL Jorge Orlando Herrera Morales Universidad del Quindío Programa de Ingeniería de Sistemas y Computación joherrera@uniquindio.edu.co Este articulo trata sobre el proceso PSP. En primer lugar, trata sobre los procesos de desarrollo, su definición y la forma en que son utilizados para el desarrollo de software. Se aborda luego el proceso de software personal o PSP, analizando las características más sobresalientes y su relación con el TSP y CMMI. 1. INTRODUCCION En los últimos tiempos, el software se ha convertido en un elemento de vital importancia en las organizaciones, de ahí que sea igualmente relevante conocer metodologías prácticas que faciliten su desarrollo. El proceso de desarrollo a su vez, ha sido concebido como una serie de etapas que hay que cursar, normalmente empezando por el análisis de requisitos, pasando luego por el análisis del sistema, diseño, implementación, pruebas, implantación y mantenimiento; todos estos pasos, buscando obtener un producto de calidad que satisfaga las necesidades de clientes y usuarios [1]. Al principio de la Ingeniería de software, este se desarrollaba siguiendo las etapas anteriores de manera estrictamente secuencial, lo que hacía que el producto se viera en un periodo bastante tardío y que la entrega del mismo fuese más lenta. Paulatinamente, fueron apareciendo otros modelos que proponían ciclos cortos que aceleraban la producción sin menoscabar en la calidad. Estos procesos de desarrollo...
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...Effects of Quality Management on Domestic and Global Competition Yudyth Vera MGT/449 January 23, 2012 Dr. George DeMetropolis Effects of Quality Management on Domestic and Global Competition Quality management is an essential factor in any commercial industry, regardless of the targeted customer segment. The effects of proper management and the measurement tools used are evident in successful airlines servicing both U.S. and international passengers. For U.S. domestic carrier, Southwest Airlines their focus on quality has provided three consecutive years of profitability. While international German airline, Lufthansa has attained longevity of ~90 years because of their ability to adapt to political and economical challenges. This paper will address various topics concerning the effects of quality management on domestic and global competition. First it will provide a definition of an airline and highlight company information for service providers Southwest Airline and Lufthansa. Second, it will provide a description of the processes similar between Southwest Airlines and Lufthansa and explain the processes from beginning to end. In addition, an explanation of the process and how it produces a competitive service in the domestic and global markets will be presented. Last, this paper will explain how quality management affects the position of the companies in the domestic and global market. Airline Industry and Overview of Southwest Airlines and Lufthansa ...
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...Introduction………………………………………………………..…..1-2 1.1 Software Quality…………………………………………..……..2 1.2 Software Quality Assurance……………………………..……….2 1.3 Software Testing………………………………………..………2-3 2. Software Quality Assurance Tools………………………………..…….3-7 3. Selected QA Tools…………………………………………………………8 3.1 Selenium IDE…………………………………………………..9-14 3.2 FabaSoft………………………………………………………15-19 4. Future and Conclusion……………………………………………………20 1. Introduction Software Quality Assurance (SQA) Tools play a major role in common software user community and in the field of software development. SQA tools are the specially developed software tools for the purpose of assisting in the QA processes. 1.1 Software Quality The quality of software is assessed by a number of variables. These variables can be divided into external and internal quality criteria. External quality is what the user experiences when running the software in its operational mode. Internal quality refers to the aspects that are code-dependent, and are not visible to the end-user. External quality is critical to the user, while internal quality is meaningful to the developer only. When the quality comes to software quality conformance, requirement consider as software functional quality and fitness for use named as software structural quality. 1.2 Software Quality Assurance Software quality assurance (SQA) consists of a means of monitoring the software engineering process and methods used to ensure quality. The methods by which this are accomplished...
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...Chapter 16 – Software Quality Assurance Overview This chapter provides an introduction to software quality assurance. Software quality assurance (SQA) is the concern of every software engineer to reduce costs and improve product time-to-market. A Software Quality Assurance Plan is not merely another name for a test plan, though test plans are included in an SQA plan. SQA activities are performed on every software project. Use of metrics is an important part of developing a strategy to improve the quality of both software processes and work products. Software Quality Assurance • Umbrella activity applied throughout the software process • Planned and systematic pattern of actions required to ensure high quality in software • Responsibility of many stakeholders (software engineers, project managers, customers, salespeople, SQA group) SQA Questions • Does the software adequately meet its quality factors? • Has software development been conducted according to pre-established standards? • Have technical disciplines performed their SQA roles properly? Quality Assurance Elements • Standards – ensure that standards are adopted and follwed • Reviews and audits – audits are reviews performed by SQA personnel to ensure hat quality guidelines are followed for all software engineering work • Testing – ensure that testing id properly planned and conducted • Error/defect collection and analysis – collects and analyses error and defect data to better...
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...|The Quality Assurance Plan (QAP) presents a framework for activities, which when followed, will ensure delivery of quality products and services. The SDM provides the project standards and procedures to be| |used as the basis for the QA group’s reviews and audits. | TABLE OF CONTENTS | | | |1.0 General Information |4.0 Reviews and Audits | |1.1 Purpose |4.1 Review Process | |1.2 Scope |4.2 Formal Reviews and Audits | |1.3 System Overview |4.2.1 Lifecycle Reviews | |1.4 Project References...
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...Quality assurance By Julieanne Naji Scope The quality assurance plane mandates that the LIMS La Trobe University laboratory is compliant with up to date quality measures, in order to transition from a teaching facility into a testing facility. The teaching facility will be contracted to produce large amounts of GFP protein in order to produce specific anti-GFP antibodies. The quality assurance section has specifically looked into stock maintenance, reagent maintenance, testing and data management in order to assess if the facility will adhere to good laboratory practice (GLP) if turned into a test facility. Section five to seven has covered other specific sections of quality assurance, such as personnel, facilities and standard operating procedures. The quality assurance audit has provided recommendations in order for the teaching facility to be approved and fall under GLP, to become a test facility. I. Reagents storage Reagents are stored appropriately, within the flammable cupboard, labeled shelves, appropriate temperature controlled rooms and temperature controlled refrigerators. Reagent storage location also contained appropriate labeling within refrigerators and shelves II. Working reagents Working reagents have been left on benches, the working reagents have not been labeled or left in a specific controlled temperature. Recommendations: The laboratory will need to appropriately label working reagents, and ensure they are stored in a safe and temperature...
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...Quality Assurance in Aviation Embry Riddle Management for Aeronautical Science MGMT 203 Howard W. Loken June 25, 2014 Quality Assurance in Aviation Quality defined Quality Assurance (QA) is one of the most predominate factors in aviation organizations today. Quality Assurance programs have a direct link to safety in aviation. Quality can be considered a safety measure because a solid quality program can help prevent accidents and incidents. This is accomplished by procedures and guidance by government oversight that filters down to the operator of the type aircraft. Quality Assurance is a systematic method for gathering, analyzing information on quality, causes of defects and how they impact aviation operations. The QA system allows managers to make decisions concerning quality on facts and history of events to prevent future issues. This paper discusses how quality assurance in aviation must continue to play an important role in order to operate and maintain aircraft to the safest standard. Concepts and Principles The concept of Quality Assurance is the prevention of defects. This concept covers all aspects of each event from beginning to end. All aircraft maintenance personnel have a responsibility to adhere to the concepts ad principles of QA. To achieve QA concepts maintainers focus on prevention, knowledge, and special skills. Preventing maintenance failures is a goal of QA. This is accomplished by regulating events vice being regulated by events. Every...
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...MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING PROGRAM QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CONTROL 2012-2013 SPRING SEMESTER GUIDELINES FOR THE TERM PROJECT PURPOSE: is to study, analyze, and propose solutions for the quality issues and problems of two selected manufacturing or service companies in a particular sector and also to analyze the economical and technological structure of the sector. TASK: Two manufacturing or service companies in a particular sector will be selected. The economical and technological structure of the sector will be analyzed and the quality issues and problems about the selected companies will be studied. In order to accomplish the term project, you are asked to form a group of 3 or 4 students and visit the companies in the selected sector to conduct in-depth interviews. Finally, you are asked to write a report about the sector analysis and the study about the selected companies. SCOPE: The report should be approximately 3000 words. The sector study may be between 1000 and 1500 words and the company study between 1500 and 2000 words. Electronic and/or hard copies of all references must be annexed. GUIDELINES: A. Analysis of the sector 1. The contribution of the sector to GNP 2. Exportations 3. Capital accumulation 4. Labor structure and employment 5. Level of technological development 6. Research and development potential 7. Expectations for future developments B. Study of the selected companies 1. Quality strategies and policies...
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...Key Concepts and Principles of Internal Quality Assurance This handout will cover: Why should IQA take place? The functions of IQA IQA cycle Key concepts of IQA IQA rationale Key principles of IQA Role & responsibilities of an IQA Regulations, Policies and Procedures Why should IQA take place? IQA is the monitoring of the learner journey throughout their time with the organisation, it should take place to ensure the learners have received a quality service and that assessment has been correct and fair The IQA process is to: plan what will be monitored, from whom and when observe training and assessor practice, and give developmental feedback sample assessment records, learners’ work and assessor decisions meet with learners and others, for example, witnesses facilitate the standardisation of assessor practice hold team meetings support assessors. Internal verification was the previous term used for monitoring assessment, however, IQA monitors the whole process from when a learner commences to when they leave. The functions of IQA To: • • • • • • uphold credibility (of the qualification or what is being assessed, of the organisation etc) ensure quality throughout the learner journey ensure accuracy and consistency of decisions manage risk identify issues and trends support and develop assessors If there is no external formal examination taken by learners, there has to be a system of monitoring the performance of assessors. If not, assessors...
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