...intellectual property protection granted under Indian law to the creators of original works of authorship such as literary works (including computer programs, tables and compilations including computer databases which may be expressed in words, codes, schemes or in any other form, including a machine readable medium), dramatic, musical and artistic works, cinematographic films and sound recordings. Copyright law protects expressions of ideas rather than the ideas themselves. Under section 13 of the Copyright Act 1957, copyright protection is conferred on literary works, dramatic works, musical works, artistic works, cinematograph films and sound recording. For example, books, computer programs are protected under the Act as literary works. Copyright refers to a bundle of exclusive rights vested in the owner of copyright by virtue of Section 14 of the Act. These rights can be exercised only by the owner of copyright or by any other person who is duly licensed in this regard by the owner of copyright. These rights include the right of adaptation, right of reproduction, right of publication, right to make translations, communication to public etc. Copyright protection is conferred on all Original literary, artistic, musical or dramatic, cinematograph and sound recording works. Original means, that the work has not been copied from any other source. Copyright protection commences the moment a work is created, and its registration is optional. However it is always advisable to obtain...
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...parody and satire. Similar to the Australian position, the Bill does not provide any definition for these two terms. We are not aware of any official record that provides a detailed explanation about the intended scope of this proposed new exception; and (b) providing a new exception for “non-commercial user-generated content” (UGC) 7 subject to certain prescribed conditions, e.g. giving due credit to the underlying work and not having “a substantial adverse effect, financial or otherwise, on the exploitation or potential exploitation…or potential market” of the underlying work. 7. During the discussion of the original Act, there were criticisms that the exception for non-commercial UGC was too wide and the conditions attached thereto were unrealistic, and that it might violate the three-step test required by the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) of the World Trade Organization. Some lamented that the “creativity” bar set in the provision was too low, under which a very simple alteration to a work might already constitute a 6 The legislative proposals were originally introduced in June 2010 as Bill C-32, but the parliamentary scrutiny was aborted in early 2011 due to dissolution of the Parliament. The current Bill C-11 is available at http://www.parl.gc.ca/HousePublications/Publication.aspx?Docid=5144516&file=4. 7 The proposed new section 29.21 provides that “It is not an...
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...Chinese Law The legal history of china started with the Tang Code that was invented around 619 AD to 906, it contained a structure of laws for punishments and crimes but this code was very much a militarist law code seeing the historical time of that era was militarist in nature. It has subsequently been developing and advancing the rules which were seen in the in the Qin Dynasty which was in 221-206 BC which gave in an insight into a structured and advanced legal system. China has culturally been at the centre of many western studies because so much of china has remained unknown to the rest of the western world. This was brought up subsequently studying Chinese law and being asked ‘what is china and what is your image and view of these people’. This question given by Mr Ken Shao showed the class that none of the students had any idea of what china really was. In one instance there was an image of a traditional family and on the other a communist militarist dictatorship, this was only because there was very little information on China and that China was very much the unknown to many countries. The history of China is shown to display that this country has been a highly progressive country within the scope of law but also being one of the slowest countries to implement Intellectual Property Law which has sparked an interest into where the progression in the legal system relating to Intellectual Property Law went into disrepute and the arrival of Intellectual Property Law within...
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...The organization: International Visual Sociology Association (IVSA) is a nonprofit, democratic, and academically -oriented professional organization devoted to the visual study of society, culture, and social relationships. The individuals that comprise this organization come from a wide spectrum of disciplines, including sociology, anthropology, education, visual communication, photography, filmmaking, art, and journalism. The purpose of IVSA is to promote the study, production, and use of imagery, visual data, and visually-oriented materials in teaching, research, and applied activities. We also foster the use of still photography, film, video, and electronically transmitted images in sociology and other related fields. Together we work to encourage: documentary studies of everyday life in contemporary communities, the interpretive analysis of art and popular visual representations of society, studies about the social impact of advertising and the commercial use of images, the analysis of archival images as sources of data on society and culture, and the study of the purpose and the meaning of image-making practices like...
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...Copyright Notice Staff and students of University of the West of England are reminded that copyright subsists in this extract and the work from which it was taken. This Digital Copy has been made under the terms of a CLA licence which allows only students registered for the named module to: View and download a copy; Print out a copy. Please note all other staff and students are only entitled to browse the material and should not download and/or print out a copy This Digital Copy and any digital or printed copy supplied to or made by you under the terms of this Licence are for use in connection with this Course of Study. You may retain such copies after the end of the course, but strictly for your own personal use. All copies (including electronic copies) shall include this Copyright Notice and shall be destroyed and/or deleted if and when required by the University of the West of England. Except as provided by copyright law, no further copying, storage or distribution (including by email) is permitted without the consent of the copyright holder. The author (which term includes artists and other visual creators) has moral rights in the work and neither staff nor students may cause, or permit, the distortion, mutilation or other modification of the work, or any other derogatory treatment of it, which would be prejudicial to the honour or reputation of the author. Designated person authorising scanning: Anne Petrie Module title: Strategic management (accounting...
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...are different from a country to another one. Today it exists many designers who have their personalized style and are distinctive from each other. Moreover, consumers are able to recognize the different styles and brands offered by these unique designers. The protection of designs varies according the countries and their legalizations, and France is considered as a country where designs are particularly well protected by law. This essay develops the various legal protections of design in France. Copyright, design rights, design patents and trademarks can protect fashion goods in France. I. Copyrights France’s system of copyright protects any “original work of the mind” because it reflects the personality and the creative mind of their author. According to the French Intellectual Property Code (IPC), any original work can be copyrighted without registration, by the unique fact of its creation. It is important to underline that copyright protects the original and creative aspects of products and not...
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...distinguish a specific amount of content that can be quoted for review. There are guidelines however that state that using only a portion of the content and then linking back to the original source site is a the best rule of thumb. The US copyright office offers the following four categories that must be considered when determining what is fair use for the use of protected materials for criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. You can learn more by visiting http://www.copyright.gov/fls/fl102.html. 1. The purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes 2. The nature of the copyrighted work 3. The amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole 4. The effect of the use upon the potential market for, or value of, the...
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...the prospect of the ‘information superhighway’, world-wide telecommunications systems which permit the rapid, indeed virtually instantaneous transmission around the world, at times chosen as much by individual recipients as by transmitters, of information and entertainment in all media - print, pictures still and moving, sound, and combinations thereof. The issues are manifold. Is the ease of perfect reproduction and manipulation of material in the digital form used by our communications systems the death-knell of the whole basis of copyright? Are we at least going to have to reconsider such fundamentals of copyright law as what constitutes publication, copying and public performance, or the old distinctions between categories of work such as literary, artistic, sound recording and film? What rights should users enjoy? Are the rights accorded them in the analogue world so ill-defined that they will undermine the utility of copyright as a source of income for digital authors and their publishers? Will we see the emergence of a genuine market-place in which producer and user bargain about the price for individual transfers of...
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...The purpose of this outline is to identify and recognize the Tangible and Intellectual property rights significant to the Information Technology sector. The research should identify what the managers in that industry can do to protect the property rights of the organization, and what the managers in that industry should do to assure that the organization protects the intellectual property rights of others. This will require an understanding of tangible and intellectual property in general, plus research about the tangible and intellectual property issues in the selected industry. Tangible Properties that is significant in the Information Technology sector According to Webster and Dictionary.com Tangible is having actual physical existence, as real estate or chattels, and therefore capable of being assigned a value in monetary terms, capable of being touched, real or actual, rather than imaginary or visionary. According to LAW-531, rEsource Ch 16, Tangible property is the type of property we can see and touch. Delivery trucks, desks, computers, inventory, and the Building and land in which a business is located are all forms of tangible property. Information technology computer hardware includes computers components input keyboards, output screens or monitors, and peripherals including cables, scanners, surge protectors, optical drives, digital imaging equipment, printers, data processing equipment, Fax machines. The IT sector has much to offer in this category...
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...legal right created by the law of a country that grants the creator of an original work exclusive rights for its use and distribution. This is usually only for a limited time. The exclusive rights are not absolute but limited by limitations and exceptions to copyright law, including fair use. Copyright is a form of intellectual property, applicable to certain forms of creative work. Under US copyright law, legal protection attaches only to fixed representations in a tangible medium.[1] It is often shared among multiple authors, each of whom holds a set of rights to use or license the work, and who are commonly referred to as rightsholders.[2] These rights frequently include reproduction, control over derivative works, distribution, public performance, and "moral rights" such as attribution.[3] Copyrights are considered territorial rights, which means that they do not extend beyond the territory of a specific jurisdiction. While many aspects of national copyright laws have been standardized through international copyright agreements, copyright laws vary by country.[4] Typically, the duration of a copyright spans the author's life plus 50 to 100 years (that is, copyright typically expires 50 to 100 years after the author dies, depending on the jurisdiction). Some countries require certain copyright formalities to establishing copyright, but most recognize copyright in any completed work, without formal registration. Generally, copyright is enforced as a civil matter, though...
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...Ferrando – the college registrar when jose entered at the Ateneo municipal. There are two reasons why father Magin Ferrando refuse Rizal (1) he was late for registration (2) he was sickly and under sized for his age. But by the help of the nephew of father Burgos --- Xerez Burgos, Rizal was reluctantly admitted at the Ateneo. Jesuit System of Education – The system given by the Jesuits in the Ateneo was more advance than that of other colleges in that period. Two Groups in Ateneo 1. The Roman Empire – internos (boarders). Their banners colour is red. 2. The Carthagainian Empire – externos (non-boarders). Their banners colour is blue. Rizal’s First Year in Ateneo (1872-1873) – on his first day of class in the Ateneo June 1872, Rizal first heard mass at the college chapel and prayed fervently to God for guidance and success. Father Jose Bech – Rizal’s first professor in Ateneo. Summer Vacation (1873) – at the end of the school year in March 1873, Rizal returns to Calamba for summer vacation. He did not particularly enjoy his vacation because his mother was in prison. Second Year in Ateneo (1873-1874) – nothing unusual happened to Rizal during his second term in the Ateneo, except that he repented having neglected his studies the previous year simply because he was offended by the teacher’s remarks. Prophecy of Mother’s Release – Rizal lost no time in going to Santa Cruz in order to visit his mother in the provincial jail. He cheered up Dona Teodora’s lonely heart with news of...
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...AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS 1877 – 82 2 courses enrolled at UST * Philsophy and Letters (1877 – 1878) * Medicine Mother’s Opposition to Higher Education * Don Francisco and Paciano wanted Jose to pursue higher learning * Dona Teodora opposed this RIZAL ENTERS THE UNIVERSITY April 1877, Rizal at 16 years old, entered University of Santo Tomas 2 reasons why he enrolled Philosophy and Letters * His father liked it * He was not sure what career to pursue FATHER PABLO RAMON - Rector of the Ateneo, Rizal asked for advice on the choice of career Rizal studied Cosmology, Metaphysics, Theodicy, and History of Philosophy He took up a medical course 1878-1879 because; * he followed Ateneo Rector’s advice * wanted to be able to cure his mother’s growing blindness FINISHES SURVEYING COURSE IN ATENEO 1878 * He took a vocational course in Ateneo during his first term in UST * The course lead to the title perito agrimensor (expert surveyor) * He passed the final examination at the age of 17 * He was granted the title on November 25, 1881 * His loyalty to Ateneo continued * President of the Academy of Spanish Literature * Secretary of the Academy of Natural Sciences * Secretary of the Marian Congregation ROMANCES WITH OTHER GIRLS * SEGUNDA KATIGBAK * 14 yr. old Batanguena and engaged to Manuel Luz * “MISS L” * A girl with seductive eyes. The romance died a natural...
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...Bayaning Third World (2000) Synopsis and Evaluation We are a nation fascinated with Jose Rizal—not just his heroism but also his being a womanizer, his classic hair style and many more. We devour two of his greatest literary works in secondary schools. We celebrate his birth and execution dates. We have countless movies relating to Rizal and his works. We even name our streets (Rizal Avenue, Rizal Province), corporations (RCBC), schools (Rizal High School)and products after him. There’s evena religion devoted to Rizal and his works. Even the most well-knownplace in Laguna is Calamba (Rizal’s hometown), not Santa Cruz which is its capital. Despite being subjected to countless scrutinizes by various historians, how well do we know Rizal? Is it really important to know him adequately since he’s our nation’s symbol to our fight against four centuriesof foreign colonialism? Bayaning Third World, directed by Mike de Leon, is a mockumentary on making a film about Rizal. Lots ofquestions were thrown around and dissected in this feature film that concern Rizal. Have Rizal reallywritten and signed a retraction letter signifying his intention to turn back from his beliefs and re-join theCatholic Church? Did he marry Josephine Bracken? Did he retract so that he can marry JosephineBracken? (There was no civil wedding back then.)These were “discussed” in the film by interviewing various people connected to Rizal for their points of view. Throughout the film, the filmmakers (Ricky Davao...
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...prior permission has been obtained, you may not download an entire issue of a journal, or download multiple copies of articles. Please contact the publisher for any further use of this work at philstudies@admu.edu.ph. http://www.philippinestudies.net A N N A M E L I N D A T E S TA - D E o C A M P o The Afterlives of the Noli me tángere Filipinos rarely read the Noli me tángere in the original Spanish, but it lives on in translation, a second life or afterlife, as Walter Benjamin puts it. During the American period, the first English translation, An Eagle Flight, based on the first French translation in 1899, was published in 1900. The second English translation, entitled Friars and Filipinos, appeared in 1902, and it was made by Frank Ernest Gannett, then secretary to Jacob Schurman, chair of the First Philippine Commission. Politics intruded in the translations; the omissions and additions recreated a novel suited to the American reader who wanted to gain information about the new colony. only after the institution of the public school system were Filipinos expected to read the novel in its English translation. Keywords: José rizal • translation • afterlife • paratext • rizal law PHILIPPINE STUDIES 59, No. 4 (2011) 495–527 © Ateneo de Manila University J osé Rizal’s novel,...
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...Rizal’s Education Subject: PI 11 Life, Works and Writings of Dr. Jose Rizal Schedule: 9:00-10:30 TTh AE 306 Submitted to: Ms. Jennifer M. Bito Submitted by: Group 2 Charaychay, Kalie Kalaya B. Ligawen, Melody Y. Submitted on: February 11, 2016 Early Education The hero’s first teacher was his mother, Dona Teodora. On the age of three, Jose already learned his alphabet, how to pray, and reaching the age of 5, he can read the Holy Bible and he can also write in Spanish. As early as his age, his mother told a story about the “The Young Moth”, which made the profoundest impression on him in the tragic fate of the young moth, which died a martyr to its illusions. When Jose grew older, his parents employed private tutors, Maestro Colestino was Jose’s first private tutor, second private tutor was Maestro Lucas Padua and his third tutor was Maestro Leon Monroy, a classmate of his father, who taught Rizal in Spanish and Latin for five months. Education at Binan, Laguna Five months later, the latter maestro died and Jose was sent to a school in Binan. In June 1869, Jose travelled to Binan, accompanied by Paciano(his older brother). Upon arriving at Binan, Jose lodged at the house of his aunt. Maestro Justiano Aquino Cruz was his first formal teacher. Jose described his teacher as follows: "He was tall, thin, long-necked, with sharp nose and a body slightly bent forward, and he used to wear a sinamay shirt, woven by the skilled hands of the women of Batangas. He knew...
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