...Topic: The Art and Science of Nursing Name: Course: Instructor’s Name: Date: This paper seeks to explore Nursing practice in an attempt to demonstrate the change in perspective of the practice over the years from a traditional view to a more contemporary and realistic view. It will seek to achieve this by performing a literature review of two articles that not only talk but also define and distinguish nursing as both an art and a science and explore a nurses’ experience of being in patient/nurse interactions. Data used in the literature review was gathered through a random sampling of twenty-eight sophomore students, who were at the first year of learning nursing clinical experience with patients. The literature reviewed will help the reader in not only exploring the concepts of nursing but also assist them in exploring the perception of nursing, communication and also interaction. Nurses are continuously seen as the glue that holds the system of health care together. This is because unlike doctors or patients they are always available every time, every day. Nurses expend a lot of energies to ensure that patients get excellent health care, but their duties and roles are at times not clearly defined or undervalued. The concept of nursing is based on people, health and the environment. Nursing can best be defined as specialized care that is well-cut to satisfy the needs of individuals. Nursing is not only an art but also a science, as a science, it is based...
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...Management being characterized as an Art, as a Science or both can be debatable. In order to investigate the nature of management, it would be useful firstly to define it. According to Drucker, “Management is about human beings. Its task is to make people capable of joint performance, to make their strengths effective and their weaknesses irrelevant. This is what organization is all about, and this is the reason why management is the critical determining factor”. Nowadays, practically everyone works for a managed institution, large or not, for profit or not. Our living actually depends on Management. The ability we have to contribute to society, depends firstly on the way the institute we work for, is managed and furthermore on our own abilities, devotion and effort. For years now, there has been a great debate on whether management can be characterized as a science or as an art. Some of the most important authors that tried to examine if management is an art or a science are Lester et al. (1998), Watkins (1993), Bohn(1994), Calkins(1959), Schiemann and Lingle(1997), and Weick(1996). Examining the evolution of managerial discourse since 1870 would aid with the discussion on Management being an art, a science or both. According to Barley and Kunda (1992) even though serious theoretical and political differences existed, scholars have merged on a common theory of how American managerial notion has evolved. During the first stage, which terminated in the late 1800s...
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...Introduction There is an old controversy going on which is “Is management an art or a science?”. Management is everywhere. It can be found in offices , schools, banks, Hospitals etc. Whether it be a profit or non-profit organization, it is required for the smooth transition of the business. There is no agreed definition for the term management but according to Harold Koontz, Management is defined as “the art of getting things done through others and with formally organized groups” (Koontz, 1954)..To be effective in management, A manager should have should have undergone necessary training and Should possess some individual skills. This essay seeks to explore the question ‘Is management an art or a science? This essay will analyze whether management from the perspective of an art and a science. .Management as an art Ayn Rand (1905-1982) defines art as “a selective re-creation of reality according to an artist’s metaphysical value-judgments. If those who believe that management were an art, they are those people who believe that there is no specific way to learn management and it just takes two things i.e. personality and ability to learn and understand management. Additionaly these people would also believe that people can’t be taught to be effective managers, throughout the years they become better through experience and training. But For Schein, (2001) People’s attention towards the environment becomes more clear ,provoke them to question long-held beliefs, encourage developing...
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...Leadership an Art or Science? Over the century, there are tons of theories about leadership. Just like trait theories, contingency theories, situation theories, behavioral theories, and etc. As I believe, different theories could demonstrate leadership in distinctive ways. Besides there are not only personality traits or characteristics of the situation could allow certain peoples take the charge. There are much more going on. Accordingly, regarding the question of leadership is an art or science. People probably will choose either art or science or both. So what leadership really is? I will say there is no correct answer. As we acknowledge that science and art are in opposite directions. They tend to seem disconnected in our educational systems also workplaces. However this is not true, they somehow are interconnected. Thus, I want to address my opinion that leadership is an art, which based on science. I would like to open the discussion with one example, let’s compare with Apple computer and IBM. The Apple computer has more features and attractive design. Many people think it as an art and IBM is more towards structure. However, we cannot deny apple is not based on science. The entire technology industry is based on science. So as leadership, which based on science but leaning to art. As many artists illustrate their works, its not so much what they want audiences to see, it is more what audiences choose to perceive within their mind. Art follows a...
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...about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences This is about liberal arts and sciences...
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...Management: Science or Art Introduction : Management is very old concept, and hence there are different Perspective from different writers. It is result oriented-success or failure can be detected by its results, if there is good discipline, increase in production & profits, etc then it is successful or vice- versa According to George R. Terry- ''Management Is a distinct process consisting of planning, organizing, actuating and controlling; utilizing in each both science and art, and followed in order to accomplish pre-determined objectives.". Management is multidisciplinary in nature-it may contain various factors affecting its processes & results. Observation on management as a Science: The word science comes from the Latin "scientia," meaning knowledge. Science may be described as a systematic body of knowledge based on proper observations and exact principles and can be verified or Cross checked. It is a collection of some fundamental truths and its findings which can be applied safely in all the situations. same like the science the management has also developed laws, principles & findings which are general and only applicable to the group of peoples working together,this laws can be implemented to get desired Results. Since management involves dealing with people for getting work done it may fall under the category of social sciences. Observation on management as a Art: The management is vibrant in nature-an organization to be survived...
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...ESSAY title: “What is Management: is it an Art or a Science?” Number of words: 1860 What is Management? Is it an Art or a Science? The objective of this essay is to settle the old argument that whether management is an art or a science. It aims to give a deeper and brief view about the topic of ‘Management’ and the point to which management fulfills the criteria for being a science as well as an art have been outlined. Management characteristics have been stated and discussed in relation to the characteristics of science as well as art by use of classical theories and principles which were derived by experts who are related with the study of management. It is difficult to define the word management since neither accurate nor approved definition is found yet. However, it has a traditional definition which states that management is “the art of getting things done through people” (Mary Parker Follet, 1868-1933). Still, this definition does not perfectly describe management therefore the meaning cannot be relied on; this is because the definition views the term management as an “art” while management may be both either a science or an art. Secondly, the definition does not consider the functions of management which were introduced in a new definition by Henry Fayol defining management as “to manage is to forecast and to plan, to organize, to command, and to coordinate and control”(Fayol, 1916). Every firm exists with some objectives or goals; in order to achieve these objectives...
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...Communication Art or Science? Abstract Communication is very important in today’s society. No matter how one feels about communication it is the key for successful personal and professional relationships. There are many individuals that just don’t know how to communicate effectively. It could be from shyness, social or interpersonal skills. Whatever the case they are unable to communicate effectively. Communication is not a skill that is learned it is an art. Either you have it or you don’t. Either you are comfortable in conveying your message in a clear and concise manner, your listening skills are effective, you are able to use nonverbal and verbal communication skills as well being comfortable in presenting information. Not everyone knows how to communicate in a manner that is effective. Many non-communicators play the guessing game. They won’t say what the message is that they are trying to convey or they say half of the message. People are not mind readers. If you don’t communicate the message in its entirety then how can you expect an individual to understand exactly what is being conveyed. Communication is an Art My first thought is what is the process of effective communication? Communication is the process of sharing thoughts, ideas, or emotions with another individual. In order to communicate effectively you must possess some of the following skills: attention, attitude, and feedback. It is important...
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...Art and Science Table of content pg.no Introduction 2 Description of incident 3 Feeling and thought 4 Evaluation 4 Analysis 8 Conclusion 10 Action Plan 11 Reference 12 Introduction Nursing is a great discipline and nurses have the honour and expertise in healing humans and bringing them back to normalcy (Reed P G, 2006). In discharging their duties effectively there is always a question that remains unresolved whether nursing should be approached as a science or an art or both? Academicians and practitioners stand on both sides and some tow along the middle path. Gary Rofle (2002) suggests that it’s not a pure science and discounts the opinion that nursing reflects technical rationality. He suggests that reflective learning, learning as an outcome of doing, which is closely related to art and which differs from individual to individual, dimension should also be considered. From the above discussion we can conclude that nursing...
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...aptitudes of a man make him an efficient manager. Some people are so efficient and talented since their birth that they lead and get success in the field of business. To our mind, this concept was used when the ownership and management were not separated. But later on the researches and development in the field of science, technology and training etc. changed this old concept. Today management is considered not only as an inborn ability but also as an acquired ability. In the words of Ordway Tead, "Managers are both born and made." Today, in large-sized business organizations, ownership and management are separate identities. The management lies in the hands of professional managers who are educated and trained. Thus, now the management can be considered as an acquired ability. Management as an Art, Science or Both A lot of controversy arises whether management is an art or science or both. It is said that the management is the oldest of arts and youngest of science. This explains the changing nature of management. But to have an exact answer to this question, it is necessary to understand both these aspects separately and combinedly, as given below: Management as an Art: Art refers to the way of doing...
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...Science vs. Art Marketing Similarities and Differences of Analytics and Creativity in Marketing A common misconception about marketing amongst those who are unfamiliar with the field is that marketing is simplistic and its value not as necessary as “hard skill” fields such as finance and accounting. However marketing is the key to optimum success in that a carefully concocted balance between creativity and analytics are necessary for brand recognition and profit. It involves science marketing, which involves predominantly market research, focus group studies, and data analysis, along with art marketing, focusing on creative strategy and branding. Although it may appear these focal areas of marketing are from opposite ends of the spectrum, they share several similarities and depend on each other to thrive. According to BusinessDictionary.com, scientific marketing is the “application of analytical testing and statistical methods in gathering and interpreting market information”. It is the understanding of society’s demand through predominantly scientific testing and reasoning. Scientific marketing requires fluency in statistics and figuring out consumer behavior through demographics and numbers derived from data mining from digital outlets and marketing information systems, focus groups, referring to rivals, experimental research, and tapping into marketing partner expertise. The market research process involves defining the problem and researching objectives, developing...
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...of a man make him an efficient manager. Some people are so efficient and talented since their birth that they lead and get success in the field of business. To our mind, this concept was used when the ownership and management were not separated. But later on the researches and development in the field of science, technology and training etc. changed this old concept. Today management is considered not only as an inborn ability but also as an acquired ability. In the words of Ordway Tead, "Managers are both born and made." Today, in large-sized business organizations, ownership and management are separate identities. The management lies in the hands of professional managers who are educated and trained. Thus, now the management can be considered as an acquired ability. Management as an Art, Science or Both A lot of controversy arises whether management is an art or science or both. It is said that the management is the oldest of arts and youngest of science. This explains the changing nature of management. But to have an exact answer to this question, it is necessary to understand both these aspects separately and combinedly, as given below: Management as an Art: Art refers to the way...
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...PROGRAM OF STUDY Liberal Arts and Sciences: Social Science Associate in Arts The Liberal Arts and Sciences major is designed for students planning to transfer to either the California State University or University of California. To earn the Associate in Arts degree with a Liberal Arts and Sciences major, students must complete either the Intersegmental General Education Transfer Curriculum (IGETC) UC or CSU option or the CSU General Education Certification pattern and one of the three areas of emphasis. The areas of emphasis are: Mathematics and Science, Social and Behavioral Sciences or Humanities. The area of emphasis requires a minimum of 18 units with a grade of "C" or better in all courses in the area of emphasis. The courses identified for each area of emphasis fulfill major preparation requirements as demonstrated through ASSIST articulation. A minimum of six units must be within a single discipline and in the case of the Mathematics and Science area of emphasis at least one mathematics course must be completed. Select courses based on ASSIST data for major preparation articulation with selected transfer institutions. Consult a counselor for specific information regarding the intended major at the college the student is choosing. Courses used to complete a student's area of emphasis can double count for general education just as they may for any other major. Although the associate degree recognizes the completion of lower division general education requirements...
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...Running Head: ABSENTEEISM AS VIEWED BY THE STUDENTS OF COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES Absenteeism as viewed by the Students of College of Arts and Sciences Bradlee H. Futalan Divine Word College of Legazpi Author Note This paper was prepared for Educational Psychology, taught by Dr. Rose Marie Clemeña Absenteeism as viewed by the Students of College of Arts and Sciences 2 . Abstract Absenteeism has been one of the mainstream problems of the instructors to their students. This study explored many reasons behind why the students are being absent in their classes. The study adopted a survey research design as the original framework for data gathering. Data were collected with 50 students from the College of Arts and Sciences of the Divine Word College of Legazpi. The study revealed that the most common reason of student absenteeism is attending an important appointment such as: Family Events, Meetings, Conference and other important gatherings. The study also found that the least reason of student absenteeism is being bully by a classmate. Keywords: Absenteeism, Students Absenteeism as viewed by the Students of College of Arts and Sciences 3 . Class Absenteeism as viewed by the Students of College of Arts and Sciences Attendance is an important factor in school that help the students’ get a high grades. Studies show that better attendance is related to higher academic achievement for students of all backgrounds (Shaini Jaura, 2012). One common discipline problem found...
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...Leonardo Da Vinci made contributions to the study of science, medicine and art. In his relentless pursuit to understand how our world works, he was one of the world's greatest inventors, thinkers, scientists, artists and writers. A true Renaissance man, Leonardo Da Vinci was a leading voice for reason, logic and science in a world dominated by superstition. Leonardo’s parents were the Florentine notary and landlord Ser Pedro and Caterina, a young peasant woman who soon after Leonardo's birth married a local artesan. Although an illegitimate child, Leonardo was raised in his father's household, as Ser Pedro did not have other children until 1476, in his fourth marriage. Showing artistic promise, Leonardo became an apprentice to the artist Andrea del Verrocchio at the age of 15. Five years later he was accepted into the painter's guild of Florence but continued to work in Verrocchio's workshop for another five years. “Flying machines, parachutes, submarines, underwater rebreathing devices, self floatation/ocean rescue devices, swimming fins, pumping mechanisms, water turbines, dredging systems, steam calorimeters, water-well drill, swing bridges, canals, levelling/surveying instruments, cranes, pulley systems, street-lighting systems, convection roasting spit, mechanical saw, treadle-operated lathe, compasses, contact lenses, and military weapons. “These are all inventions that were created by Leonardo Da Vinci's genius creates inventions that are far ahead of their time. In...
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