...in this case study the nurse Jill, which recognize signs and symptoms of a strange rash on the babies in the nursery and immediately notify the Doctor that something was wrong. Also, the microbiologist that worked in the lab, the doctor and even the parents all had important roles in the case study. However, Trouble in the Nursery case study was important to me because it allowed me to apply the knowledge of what we have learned so far in the class and how important it is for microbiologist and medical professionals working together to determine the best possible outcomes for patients and their community. After reading about all the signs, symptoms and test results, I was able to apply the knowledge that I learn from class about gram staining and morphology, normal flora and skin bacteria, the different media used to isolate the bacteria, and the antimicrobial used to treat bacteria. After the first clue, the gram positive cocci result came back it narrow my research to gram positive cocci that cause skin infections. Then, I...
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...The Epidemiology of Skin Cancer Skin cancer is best known as a mutation of the skin when cells grow abnormally. These mutations most commonly come in forms of moles, freckles, or simple markings that are out of the norm. Basal Cell Carcinoma is the most commonly occurring form of skin cancer. Basal cell carcinomas occur in the basal cells in the lining of the skin and mostly occur from over exposure to sunlight. Skin cancer is rising to become the most prevalent form of cancer. According to The Skin Cancer Foundation Website 5 million people are treated for a case of skin cancer each year. The American Academy of Dermatology stated that in adults ages 25-29 melanoma is the most common form of cancer the second most common form of cancer for15-29...
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...Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease, is an infectious disease that mainly affects the, eyes, skin, nerves, upper respiratory tract and nasal mucosa. It causes severe skin sores, and peripheral neurological damage. It causes sensory loss in the skin and muscle weakness. Leprosy is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae. Many people think that this disease is very contagious. But leprosy is actually not that contagious. In order to get leprosy you have to come into close contact with nose and mouth droplets from someone that has an untreated case of leprosy. In many cases children contract this disease more so than adults. What is the cause of leprosy? Leprosy is caused by the bacillus bacterium M. leprae. M. leprae was discovered by the scientist G.A Hansen in 1873. This bacterium is a slow-growing, intercellular pathogen that cannot live outside its host. Therefore, studies on this bacterium are extremely difficult because it can take an extremely long time for this bacterium to grow. Another reason it is so difficult is because it can not be grown in a lab. It has to be grown inside of an animal. What are some of the signs and symptoms of Leprosy? Since Leprosy is so slow-growing, it can take many years for signs or symptoms to even show up. Most of the symptoms affect the skin, nerves, and mucosa membranes. Leprosy can cause, skin sores, growths on the skin, numbness of skin, muscle weakness or paralysis especially in the hands and feet, enlarged nerves, nose bleeds...
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...Dr. Christina Fitch BIO 163 14 Nov. 2011 Psoriasis “Psoriasis is a common skin disease that affects the life cycle of skin cells. Psoriasis causes cells to build up rapidly on the surface of the skin, forming thick silvery scales and itchy, dry, red patches that are sometimes painful” (mayoclinic.com). The word psoriasis was derived from the Greek word psora which means “to itch.” It is neither contagious nor infectious. Though the exact cause of psoriasis is unknown, it is know that the immune system and genetics are major factors in the development of this skin disorder, as well as triggers, which might excite the growth of skin cells. Even though psoriasis only affects about 2-3 percent of the global population, it is one of the most common skin disorders and reason people go to see a dermatologist. Studies show that psoriasis shows up equally among men and women and can appear at any age, but typically between the age of 15 and 35 years. The most common places for psoriasis to appear are the scalp, elbows, knees, and torso, but are not limited to those areas; palms, soles, genitals, nails and although it is rare, the face, anywhere there is skin psoriasis can develop. The psoriasis patches, also known as lesions, general appear symmetrically meaning that if it appears on the left side it will more than likely appear on the right side of the body as well. Not all psoriasis is created equal and can be localized or widespread over the entire body. There are five different...
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...Chapter I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study One of the major sources of protein in human diet is fish. In fact, marine animals were assumed by ancient writers to be symbols of good health. However, nowadays, marine animals are far from being representatives of good health. They are subjected to diseases just as much as their terrestrial counterparts. Disease, in fishes, is closely linked to environmental stress. In the wild, they generally have some degree of freedom to modify their environment. They can move to more suitable conditions if faced with a negative environmental change such as a reduction in oxygen level. In culture conditions, on the other hand, they have limited opportunity to choose their external environmental conditions. Most individual fish, may it be in wild or cultivated populations are infected with parasites. The number of parasites necessary to cause harm to the fish varies considerably with the species and size of the host and its health status. Many parasite species are host-specific to at least some degree and are capable of infecting one or only a limited number of host species. Parasites disease of fish (and livestock) reduces the amount of food available to people around the globe. This is why many researchers mention that it is imperative to investigate the relationship between the environmental factors which affects the parasites that affect production and quality. Even today, it remains difficult to convince governments and...
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...core temperature rises, the brain begins to fail. (The brain can only function in a very narrow temperature range). As the brain overheats, the individual will become disoriented, combative, argumentative and may hallucinate. 4. Due to the growth, change of color and bleeding these are all first signs of melanoma. He should have them looked at by the dermatologist. The Dr. will more than likely take a biopsy of the mole. All potentially cancerous skin growths must be biopsied to confirm acancer diagnosis. Depending on the suspected type of skin cancer, the biopsy techniques vary slightly but crucially. Any potential melanoma requires a surgical biopsy, in which the entire growth is removed with a scalpel if possible. A pathologist then studies the sample under a microscope to determine whether cancer cells are present. If melanoma is diagnosed, other tests may be ordered to assess the degree of cancer spread (metastasis). They include: Imaging. Your doctor will order one or more tests to look for metastasis. They include CT scan, MRI, PET scan, bone scan, and chest X-ray. Other biopsies. Using a variety of techniques, your doctor may want to get tissue samples from lymph nodes. Skin growths that are most likely basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, or other forms of nonmelanoma can be biopsied in various ways. Part or all of the growth can be...
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...Jason’s Case Study Abstract Jason, a twenty six year old male, is seen in the urgent care clinic with a laceration to his arm. He cut his arm on roof sheeting while at work. While assessing the laceration on Jason’s arm, the nurse notices that he has a sunburn, freckles and moles on his skin. While Jason is still in the urgent care, the patient’s wife calls and asked if the medical staff would assess a mole on her husband. The nurse also educated Jason regarding sunburns, changes in freckles, moles, and lesions. His complexion, hair and eye color puts Jason at a higher risk for cancer and complications of being in the sun. The nurse also reminded Jason to make an appointment to have his family doctor check the laceration on his arm to make sure no infection or complications have developed. Jason’s Case Study After the nurse introduces herself to Jason, she gets his vital signs, height and weight. The nurse or the doctor per facility protocol should cleanse the wound to remove any dirt or debris from the laceration site. The nurse measures the laceration in length and width. The nurse checks the laceration for foreign bodies or debris in his arm. The doctor may order an x-ray of his arm to rule out any foreign bodies that may be in Jason’s arm. Saline gauze should be placed over the laceration site until the doctor comes into the examination room to see the patient. The nurse asks Jason if he has had a tetanus shot in the past five years. Jason should...
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...DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS The findings of this research includes the major effects of having skin cancer and it also includes the risk factors and impacts of skin cancer. These findings also include the precautions one can take in the effort of preventing skin cancer. Problem Skin Cancer is a major public health problem because it is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States. It may be the most common, however, it is the most preventable type of cancer(“Skin Cancer as”). Skin cancer affects most people in their lifetime, and many people are unaware of how dangerous it is. People with skin cancer need proper medical treatment which results in significant health care costs for people, families, and the nation(“Skin Cancer as”)....
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...Case Studies #1: Mr. MacPherson Mr. MacPherson came into the ER with burns on both of his arms and hands and on his face as the result of a grease fire in his kitchen. He complained of severe pain. His burns showed signs of blistering, swelling and fluid loss. According to the “rule of nines” (Thibodeau & Patton, 2010), it appears this patient has suffered burns over approximately 14% of his body surface (4.5% for each arm and 4.5% face for a total of 13.5%). These would be classified as second-degree burns (“Types of burns”, 2012) which involve the first two layers of skin and show signs of pain and blistering of which Mr. MacPherson complained. As a note of comparison, first-degree burns involve the top layer of skin, such as in sun-burn, and show signs of reddening, painful to touch, and mild swelling. Third-degree burns penetrate the entire thickness of skin and permanently destroy tissue layers, resulting in skin that is dry and leathery, appearing charred or having patches which appear white, brown, or black. Remarkably third-degree burns are often painless, although pain may be caused by patches of first- and second-degree burns which often surround third-degree burns (“Types of burns”, 2012). Case Studies #2: Margie Margie, who plays center on the women’s varsity basketball tem, complains that her knee is very sore and she felt a “pop” during a scrimmage tumble. Her knee, the largest and most vul-nerable joint in her body, buckles under her weight. ...
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...In America, food allergies are estimated to affect four to six percent of children and four percent of adults (“Food Allergy”). This sounds like a small amount, but it alters the life of millions of people each day. Many children show signs of an allergic response to a particular food at a young age after trying it for the first time. The research of severe food allergies allow doctors to find the best treatment possible and work towards preventing allergic responses. People with food allergies are affected when eating foods that most can tolerate without a problem. More than one hundred seventy foods are known to cause food allergies, but the most common allergenic foods, referred to as “The Big Eight” are the following: eggs, fish, milk, tree nuts, peanuts, shellfish, soy, and wheat (Riddle). These account for ninety percent of all reactions (“Food Allergies”). The...
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...descent, however in the United States there have been cases in the African American community (Saguil, A.; Fargo, M; and Grogan, S.; 2015). The first case of Kawasaki Disease (KD) presented itself in Japan in 1961, to a 4 year old boy who had the following symptoms high fever, bleeding lips, strawberry tongue and diffuse erythematous of the oral cavity and mucous membrane (Kawasaki, T., Naoe, S. 2014). Kawasaki Disease affects the coronary, small and medium-sized arteries in the body, affecting the blood supply to the muscles in the heart. Kawasaki Disease (KD) is the leading cause of heart disease in children (Laurito, M; Stazi, A; Delogu, A; … and Crea, F; 2014). Kawasaki disease is also known as Kawasaki Syndrome (KS) and mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome as it affects the skin, lymph nodes and mucous membranes in the mouth, nose and throat. The disease starts of with a high fever and a skin rash that results in peeling and while this can be scary to parents, it is treatable and most children recover without any side effects. Etiology The etiology of Kawasaki Disease (KD) is unknown, but epidemiological and clinical characteristics show that infectious agents in its pathogenesis are involved. There is a believed hypothesis of a super-antigen which invades through the digestive and respiratory organs which are then processed by the lymphatic system in the organ. The way they have come to this hypothesis is by several findings: skin and mucosal changes, pro-inflammatory cytokines...
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...Gas Gangrene Case Study Kenneth Suggs was omitted to North Cypress Medical Hospital on June 12, 2008 where he was diagnosed with gas gangrene. Suggs’ is a 45 year old white male, weighs 180 pounds, and is at the height of 5’10. At arrival his symptoms were recorded as severe pain, tenderness and swelling around the wound. He had skin discoloration and the wound had a foul odor. He also complained of a “crackly” sound when he pressed around the wound. When examined, the patient was running a high fever and had brownish pus leaking from the site of trauma. Suggs explained to nurses that he was in a lawn mowing accident that resulted in a deep puncture wound in his left foot from a piece of blade that had broken off the mower. Due to the odor,...
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...Skin Cancer Mary Mark Coahoma Community College Anatomy & Physiology I Ms. Letha Richards October 15, 2014 Abstract Skin cancer is a term used to describe cancer in skin tissues. The skin is made of several layers. Skin cancer is classified according to the layer it develops in. Skin cancer is classified according to the layer it develops in. Skin cancer is a disease that can affect any one. Skin cancer includes many types that can be classified as severe or superficial. Consequently, treatments of skin cancer depend on the degree of severity a person has. In the following paper, I will shed lights on the types of skin cancer such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Skin cancer is an abnormal growth of skin cells that usually develops on skin exposed to the sun. Skin cancer can be found in the early stage, which can usually be cured if treated before the spread. Skin cancer begins where we can see it, such as on the face or arms. Some signs may include, growing bumps, changing mole and/or a dry and scaly rough patch. In this paper, I will explain the three major types of skin cancers, such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is abnormal, uncontrolled growths that arise in the skin’s basal cells, which line the deepest layer of the epidermis. BCC’s usually appears and look like open sores, red patches, or scars. According to (skincancer.org) “An estimated 2.8 million cases of BCC...
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...It is common in today’s society for young females to want to attain golden bronze skin. The quickest way to get a tan and not have to lay in the heat of the sun for hours is to lay in a tanning bed. As this trend continues to rise, medical researchers are beginning to pay close attention to the health effects of indoor tanning. Many recent medical studies and cases, researchers have linked the use of tanning beds to many health problems. Even with all of the negative effects that the use of indoor tanning can have there are still tanning companies that try to boast the positive effects. Despite the fact that tanning beds are harmful to the health of its victims, the use of tanning beds is on the upsurge and growing. In order for tanning companies to make a profit off the industry, they try to create a market for their product. They do this by marketing the positive effects that tanning beds can have. “Tanning is not just for the young. Because UV rays are essential for the body to produce vitamin D, mature adults at risk for osteoporosis can gain health benefits from moderate tanning. Vitamin D is essential for absorbing calcium to prevent...
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