...Major conflicts at the Convention revolved around the Executive branch, representation, and slavery. The delegates of the convention disagreed about the amount of power that the executive branch should wield. The Executive branch issue had many levels including the number of executives, term length, reelection possibilities, and the election process. A single executive was appealing to most because a multi-person executive would not be able to act quickly. Alexander Hamilton echoed this idea in Federalist 70, saying the executive needed “energy”. Also, a single person would be easier to regulate. On the other side of the argument, delegates argued that a single executive was closer to the possibility of tyranny. These delegates favored the New Jersey Plan as it called for a panel of executives. One such delegate was Edmund J. Randolph, who called a one man executive “the fetus of monarchy”. Next was the issue of term length. A four year term was agreed upon and it was decided to let the executive run for reelection. The Constitution made no restriction on the number of terms a president could have, however, after the fourth term of president Franklin Roosevelt, the line was drawn at two terms through the...
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..."corrected" the inequality that the "one state, one vote" notion inflicted upon the large states (and those, like the Southern states, that hoped to be large soon). Most of the details could certainly be worked out. Issues like fugitive slaves, export taxes, and import taxes were minor, when compared to the really big issue facing the Convention: representation. Quite frankly, the small states would never agree to a purely representational form of government. They foresaw the annexation of small, ineffective states as the populations of the large states continued to grow and their influence waned. Some, like the Delaware delegation, were instructed to leave the Convention if equal suffrage in the legislature was compromised. Large states felt the equal suffrage system to be inherently unfair, and were going to do everything they could to abolish it. Today, a conflict between the big and small states seems odd. Conflicts between states are now generally regional and regardless of size. But at the Convention, size, or anticipated size, was one big dividing line. The intensity of feelings of the two sides were surprises to the others - Madison and the Big State faction thought the inequality of equal suffrage to be so patently unfair that the small states would naturally accede. The small states, used to the status quo, were surprised at how forceful the big states were about proportionality, seeing that the Congress had operated so long under the equal suffrage rule. The subject of suffrage...
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...We can all agree that the Constitution did it's job in guarding against anyone having too much power. In 1787, in Philadelphia, the Constitution was written to be strong and work against tyranny (harsh absolute power in the hands of an individual of few or many). What ways did the Constitution prevent against tyranny? The Constitution guarded against tyranny by having checks and balances, the separation of powers and the small to large state compromise. Checks and balances guarded against tyranny because it gave the three branches (legislative, executive and judicial) ways that they can check and limit the powers of each other. This helped prevent tyranny from happening because if they didn't have the checks and balances, then one branch could...
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...Most importantly, the Constitution protects the United States against tyranny; which is the accumulation of all powers in the same hands. The Constitution protects against tyranny by separation of powers, checks and balances, and equal representation between states. The Constitution protects against tyranny by separation of powers between each branch of government, which prevents branches from becoming tyrants. “The different government will control each other, at the same time that each will be controlled by itself.” (Doc A) This sentence means that state and national government will limit each other. This was done by delegated powers which were given to the central government, and by reserved powers which were given to the states. These powers were only for those types of governments and prevented one government from having...
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...the thirteen original states, except for Rhode Island, frame a government that would be strong enough to serve the new nation, but not create any form of tyranny? The first constitution, The Articles of Confederation, was an agreement among all thirteen states that was drafted on July 12, 1776 and completed its formal ratification in March of 1781. It allowed thirteen states to set up central organizations to oversee the domestic and foreign affairs, but many believed it was not working and needed to be changed. In the summer of 1787, the group of men, including James Madison, gathered at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia because they were concerned about the future of the nation. The Articles of Confederation was intended to discourage oppression, but failed to accomplish this because it lacked a chief executive, a court system, and the central government could not force a state pay taxes. James Madison was primarily concerned with how they framed the document to assure that tyranny did not have a chance to resurface. They drafted the new constitution in hopes that it would keep the country from falling apart. James Madison and his fellow delegates framed the constitution to protect the country from tyranny by any one individual, group of individuals, branch, or level of government from gaining too much power by including the areas of Federalism, separation of powers, a system of checks and balances, and big states versus small states. Federalism was a major...
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...to the great nation of the United States of America if we cannot agree on a plan for the new Legislative branch? Will we still be the United States? Or will we drift apart because of the diverse wants of the large and small states and our opinions of how they should be represented? Well, I , Roger Sherman have come up with a plan that all states no matter size nor population will concur with, it is called The Great Compromise. My plan is to have two houses in Congress; a Senate and a House of Representatives. These representative groups would be based differently from each other. Each state no matter the size would have equal representation in the Senate. In the House of Representatives the representation would be based on population of each state. Although the Virginia Plan does have good structure, it favors only the large states which does not make the smaller states happy at all. On the other hand, there is the New Jersey Plan having some great points but has it’s flaws too. Such as the fact this plan favors the small states which upsets the larger states. If you pick either of these plans it will separate the large and small states possibly resulting in a war and not a unified United States of America. The Virginia Plan does suggest a quality, solid structure involving...
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...that is part of the power, in the same position and it makes each amount of power equal to one another. Federalism had divided the branches, and given them a distinct government. This had all the branches’ powers split between the state and central government. The central governments and the state governments will have enough power, but not the given power for them to be controlling everything. The two different governments will have different powers, and they will have half the part of 1 power. For example, the central government will have the first part of the power, and the state government will have the second part of it. So, with the idea of dividing the powers, the separate groups can be a guard that may prevent the act of tyranny from...
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...After the Revolutionary War, the United States needed a functional government, the Articles of Confederation failed and was dysfunctional in every way. The Articles of Confederation didn’t have court system, the government couldn’t tax, and the government didn’t have anyone to enforce the laws, it was complete chaos. Finally after a year, the people decided that the Articles of Confederation was not working, so 55 delegates from 11 separate states came together to make the best government out there. They had to ask if it was possible to frame a government that was strong enough to hold the country together but, a government that didn’t create any type of tyranny. They ensured this promise by separating the powers of government between the central government, and the states, by giving them separate duties. Second they split the central government into 3 separate powers the Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. Lastly, they guarded against tyranny by giving the state’s power in the central government by, having fair representation to all states. The reframed government...
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...Articles of Confederation, the first constitution of the United States, was adopted by the Continental Congress on November 15, 1777. However, sanction of the Articles of Confederation by all thirteen states did not occur until March 1, 1781. The Articles created a loose confederation of sovereign states and a weak central government, which resulted in most of the power residing with the state governments. The need for a stronger Federal government soon became apparent and eventually led to the Constitutional Convention in 1787. The present United States Constitution replaced the Articles of Confederation on March 4, 1789 (Researchers, 2013). Some weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation that ultimately resulted in failure were the fact that each state only had one vote in Congress, regardless of size, Congress did not have the power to tax, Congress did not have the power to regulate foreign and interstate commerce, there was no executive branch to enforce any acts passed by Congress, there was no nation court system, Amendments to the Articles of Confederation required a unanimous vote, and laws required a 9/13 majority to pass in Congress. Under the Articles of Confederation, states often argued amongst themselves. They also refused to financially support the national government, who was also powerless to enforce any acts it did pass. Some states began making agreements with foreign governments. Most states had their own military and printed their own money. The conclusive...
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...Automatic Street Light Control System aims at designing and executing the advanced development in embedded systems for energy saving of street lights by using light dependent resistor (LDR). Nowadays, human has become too busy and he is unable to find time even to switch the lights on or off. This can be seen more effectively in the case of street lights. The present system is like, the street lights will be switched on in the evening before the sun sets and they are switched off the next day morning after there is sufficient light on the roads. But the actual timing for these street lights to be switched on are when there is absolute darkness on the roads. This project gives the best solution for electrical power Keywords—: Small Toy train system (STTS), Small Toy Train System-Railway Track(STTS-RT) I. INTRODUCTION rain system has become very popular means for transportation of passengers and exchanging goods from one place to another in this modern era. Every developing country use the train system for these purposes. Thousands of people travel by the train system hundreds of miles far from one destination to another destination in a day. Even that the train system is also used for the purposes of import and export e.g. Oil and LPG gas cylinders and many other goods are imported and exported among the international levels. Train system can travel on specific railway track path which are linked with every cities, districts, provinces or countries called Railway station or Railway...
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...Hamilton. It was first used to decide the initial apportionment of the seats in the House of Representatives in 1790. We shall define the following parameters for Hamilton’s apportionment: Or (this is also known as the average constituency) or So now and then quota being the number of seats each state should receive. For each state the quota is State 1: q== 2.907807 State 2: q== 6.697633 State 3: q== 18.5566 State 4: q== 16.60052 State 5: q== 0.069336 State 6: q== 16.09638 State 7: q== 8.160086 State 8: q== 15.84233 State 9: q== 10.28396 State 10: q== 4.785339 | Population | Average constituencyS=p/h | Quota | Lower quota | Final Apportionment | State 1 | 15475 | 154.75 | 2.907807 | 2 | 3 | State 2 | 35644 | 356.44 | 6.697633 | 6 | 7 | State 3 | 98756 | 987.56 | 18.5566 | 18 | 19 | State 4 | 88346 | 883.46 | 16.60052 | 16 | 16 | State 5 | 369 | 3.69 | 0.069336 | 0 | 0 | State 6 | 85663 | 856.63 | 16.09638 | 16 | 16 | State 7 | 43427 | 434.27 | 8.160086 | 8 | 8 | State 8 | 84311 | 843.11 | 15.84233 | 15 | 16 | State 9 | 54730 | 547.3 | 10.28396 | 10 | 10 | State 10 | 25467 | 254.67 | 4.785339 | 4 | 5 | Total | 532188 | | 100 | 95 | 100 | The problem of how to actually deal with the ‘fraction’ seats arises, because seats are discrete objects....
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...In the book, Unequal Democracy author Larry M. Bartels argues that the mass public in the United States is apathetic about economic inequality. Low-income citizens are more concerned about the rich running the country, which threatens egalitarian values. The wealthy are not paying their fair share of taxes, they receive better treatment in court, and the law favors them the majority of the time. To make things worse they also receive better political representation when it comes to dealing with social issues. These political benefits are given because the wealthy contribute heavily to political campaigns. It is given that the wealthy are better informed about politics than the poor, which makes them politically active. The poor on the other...
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...Role of Congress Congress is the Bicameral Legislature of the Federal Government of the United States that includes the two chambers: the Senate and House of Representatives. People are familiar with Congress and its primary role to create and pass new laws. But, most don’t realize how important it is that we have the two chambers. This Legislature was created in 1789, but why? What caused the framers to create two different chambers and what is it that causes them to be so different? Also, and most importantly, what role does Congress and the two chambers play in our Government? The creating of Congress, requirements of Congress, and the role of Congress will all be discussed. There remain two main reasons of how and why Congress was created. Early on, the framers’ envisioned how a singular legislature body could become...
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...With its nostalgic feel and almost perfect outcomes the Electoral College still has its flaws. From its lack of representation to unproportioned voting power within certain states to making it almost impossible for third party candidates to get their name on ballots. Even though these are some serious imperfections they are evened out by some of the college’s principles. But with its aging process and advancements in technology the election process is in dire need of change. I believe that the Electoral College was a brilliant idea back then but times have changed. The founding fathers were not wrong for creating it but with how this country has evolved since then makes this system obsolete. According to Alexander Hamilton, the Electoral College is if "not perfect, it is at least excellent," because it ensured "that the office of...
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...known as the Great Compromise concluded the highly controversial issue of representation that was presented at the Constitutional Convention from May 25, 1787-September 17, 1787 at the Pennsylvania State House in Philadelphia. The Great Compromise attempted to balance power between large and small states in the new Congress. Delegates often disagreed about how many representatives each state should be allowed to have. The larger states favored the Virginia Plan. According to the Virginia Plan, each state would have a different number of representatives based on the state's population. The smaller states favored the New Jersey Plan. According to the New Jersey Plan, the number of representatives would be the same for each state. Roger Sherman, a delegate from Connecticut, suggested a legislature consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives. The Senate would have an equal number of representatives from each state (The Dirksen Congressional Center, 2008). This would satisfy the states with smaller populations. The House of Representatives would include one representative for each 30,000 individuals in a state (The Dirksen Congressional Center, 2008). This pleased states with larger populations. It was decided that there would be two chambers in Congress: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The House of Representatives would be based on population. The Senate would be based on equal representation of two seats...
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