...Teaching Mathematics to Visual-Spatial Learners Mathematics presents a number of challenges for learners that are challenged with auditory-sequential processing. Many topics in mathematics are often presented within a very verbal classroom environment. Solution methods are commonly presented in a stepwise process and build on previous knowledge. Visual-spatial learners identify with the presentation of an entire idea over a sum of its parts, and so adapting instructional methods with these learners in mind can help contribute to their success. VSLs also value seeing over listening, and actively create visual images when processing speech, so when only auditory queues are available, using very descriptive language is helpful. (Dixon, 1983) Various higher order outcomes revolve around problem solving, which can be a difficult task for anyone facing learning challenges, but for visual learners spatial reasoning can be used to their advantage. Presenting problems in two or three dimensions can allow students to visualize the problem in real space. Using physical manipulative, such as a mira for geometric reflections or algebra tiles for polynomial representations, provide concrete benefits. Pattern seeking and functional reasoning can be native skills in VSLs, so emphasis on graphing functions over strict numerical expressions can provide more meaningful insight into mathematical expressions. However, monotonous tasks like plotting ordered pairs will cause these students to struggle...
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...framework. As for the shadowing variable, log-normal is shown to be a good match for the distribution of ΥSH (q). Then, we have the following zero-mean Gaussian pdf 2 1 for the distribution of ν(q): fν (x) = √2πα e−x /2α , where α is the variance of the shadowing variations around path loss. Characterizing the spatial correlation of ω(q) and ν(q) is also considerably important for our model-based channel prediction framework. However, we do not attempt to predict the multipath component, ω(q), due to the fact that it typically decorrelates fast and that the form of its correlation function can change considerably, depending on the angle of arrival and position of the scatterers. Therefore, in our proposed framework we only predict the path loss and shadowing components of the channel. The impact of multipath will then appear in the characterization of the prediction error variance, as we shall see. As for the spatial correlation of shadowing, [18] characterizes an exponentially-decaying spatial correlation function, which is widely used: E ν(q1 )ν(q2 ) = α e− q1 −q2 /β , for q1 , q2 ∈ K where α denotes the shadowing power and the correlation distance, β, controls the spatial correlation of the channel [18]. For some examples of a time-varying environment, Oestges et al. model the slow temporal-variation of the channel as a zero-mean Gaussian variable with an exponential temporal correlation in the dB domain [27]. Thus, Eq. 1 can be extended to such time-varying cases by adding this...
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...Much complain has been made of the "spatial turn" lately, over a scope of orders. It is tricky to know whether the consideration has been justified. A disarray of terms has been utilized, for example, space, place, spatiality, area and each has implied a group of regularly opposing and confounding implications. This wonder is normal to a scope of controls in the humanities. This implies, first and foremost, that it is not generally simple to perceive what is being talked about under the rubric of space, and second, that over-broadened employments of the social turn have frustrated important engagement with materiality in discourses of space. This article demonstrates how materiality has been underestimated both by an easygoing vocabulary and an energetic epistemological comprehensive quality from researchers, and how the spatial turn has been too nearly connected to the social turn to permit it to build up its fullest illustrative potential. It exhibits how history specialists may gainfully hypothesize the noteworthiness of spot and space in their work acquiring methods from geographers and anthropologists, and alluding to the phenomenological custom, and sets out a few difficulties for utilizing space all the more adequately as a part of informative frameworks. Enlivened by ecological history, human science, and science and innovation studies, I propose a method for creating space as not the same as customary verifiable treatment of materiality, and end by distinguishing...
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...Spatial analysis on regional economic growth of China 1. Introduction Economic growth is always an important topic in the economics research. Many study in the past just considered region as an isolated “island”, and the mutual relations among different regions were usually ignored. However, regional economy is an open system. Factors such as trade, factor mobility (labor or capital), and technology or knowledge spillover will all make relations among regions become complicated. Under such circumstance, regional economy is no longer isolated but strongly related. The development of regional economy not only relies on its own endowment, also highly depends on the development of other regions This paper is going to bring relative spatial autocorrelation analysis and econometrics methods in the analysis of regional economic growth in China. It attempts to test the spatial dependence of economic growth among different provinces in China and its tendency. The inner mechanism of regional economic growth will also be discussed. In the second section, I will briefly introduce the literature review about regional economic study in China. In the third section, using a sample of per capita GDP data over 1978-2008 in 31 provinces in mainland China, I compute a global spatial autocorrelation, and use the local spatial autocorrelation to get general idea where this global spatial autocorrelation come from. In the fourth part, the spatial factors which influence regional economic...
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...Fitness is Associated With Hippocampal Volume in Elderly Humans” authors Kirk Erikson et al., illustrates how hippocampal decay occurs in elderly persons with or without dementia. However, the degree of decay is based on an individual level. The paper discusses factors that can contribute to prevention of decay through lifestyle changes. With an elderly individual exercise is the key factor in reducing the risk of dementia, in particular aerobic exercises. The study examines the benefits of aerobic exercises in regards to hippocampal volume and spatial memory performance compared to lower level fitness. An increase in hippocampus volume means an overall better capacity for memory function. In this study 165 nondemented individuals we're examined through magnetic resonance images to test for higher levels of functioning in the brain. Also, tested was whether hippocampal volume mediates the correlation between fitness and spatial memory performance. They hypothesized that individuals with higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness would have greater hippocampal volume even after adjusting for confounding variables. Today with the increasing amount of people living longer than life expectancy, it is a growing concern how economically we will be able to financially afford to support the elderly. It is important to research areas in which we can prevent the deterioration of brain functions in order to allow senior citizens to live productive lives longer. The overall objective...
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...An Introduction To Virtual Spatial Graph Theory 1. Introduction The mathematical theory of knots studies the many ways a single loop can be tangled up in space. Since many biological molecules, such as DNA, often form loops, knot theory has been applied to biological systems with good effect. However, many biological molecules form far more complicated shapes than simple loops; proteins, for example, often contain extensive crosslinking between cystine residues, and hence from the mathematical viewpoint are far more complicated structures–spatial graphs. The study of graphs embedded in space is known as spatial graph theory, and researchers such as Flapan have obtained good results by applying it to chemical problems. However, in biological systems, proteins are often associated with membranes, meaning that some portions of the molecule are prevented from interacting with others. In the case of a simple loop, the virtual knot theory of Kauffman provides a mathematical framework for studying such systems, as it allows some crossings of strands to be labeled “virtual,” i.e. non-interacting. We hope that a merging of these two theories, called virtual spatial graph theory, will prove equally useful in the biological sciences. Knot theory studies embeddings of circles up to isotopy. There are many ways to extend the ideas of knot theory; two natural choices are the study of spatial graphs and the theory of virtual knots. The theory of spatial graphs generalizes the objects...
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...Distributed Query Scheduling Service: An Architecture and Its Implementation Ling Liu and Calton Pu Oregon Graduate Institute Department of Computer Science & Engineering P.O.Box 91000 Portland Oregon 97291-1000 USA flingliu,caltong@cse.ogi.edu Kirill Richine University of Alberta Department of Computer Science GSB615, Edmonton T6G2H1 AB, Canada kirill@cs.ualberta.ca Abstract We present the systematic design and development of a distributed query scheduling service (DQS) in the context of DIOM, a distributed and interoperable query mediation system 26]. DQS consists of an extensible architecture for distributed query processing, a three-phase optimization algorithm for generating e cient query execution schedules, and a prototype implementation. Functionally, two important execution models of distributed queries, namely moving query to data or moving data to query, are supported and combined into a uni ed framework, allowing the data sources with limited search and ltering capabilities to be incorporated through wrappers into the distributed query scheduling process. Algorithmically, conventional optimization factors (such as join order) are considered separately from and re ned by distributed system factors (such as data distribution, execution location, heterogeneous host capabilities), allowing for stepwise re nement through three optimization phases: compilation, parallelization, site selection and execution. A subset of DQS algorithms has been...
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...statistical method that will solve a business or management problem.Term Paper Guideline STAT 500, Summer, 2011 Due Date: September 18, 2011 Length: Less than 1500 words Format: Cleanly typed Students are required to write an article describing a statistical method that will solve a business or management problem; or an creative approach that mainly rely on statistical methods that would advance the current practice. The statistical method involved may or may not relate to statistical concepts or methods covered in the course. Students are encouraged to conduct their own literature research. Information collected from books, magazines or newspapers are acceptable, including any of those found in UNVA’s eLibrary. Students could invent their own practical and feasible solutions to some real issues they experience in their work, though not required. The article should describe well the background of the problem and each of the steps in solving the problem. The length of the article should be within 1500 words; visual aids, such as tables, charts, graphs should be included where necessary. Some business statistics applications example include • Select profitable stocks • Detect fraudulent claims • Score an applicant’s credit • Discover cross-selling opportunities for products • Quantify drug efficacy • Forecast new product sales • Discover new customers • Recognize objects in images • Verify identity through biometrics; and • Anticipate shifts in market sectors...
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...Poor people of Mexico spend their days trying to survive, searching for food, while the upper class have people making their food for them. Mexico became independent in 1810 but the church and Spanish Nationals owned most of the land. In 1840 the president of Mexico, Benito Juarez granted land to people living on it. By the 1960s, Mexico City was rapidly industrializing creating factories and jobs. When it comes to the topic of spatial inequality in Mexico City, most will agree it exists because of the city's rapid expansion. Urbanization has increased at a rapid rate because of the many people who have moved to the capital due to rural decline. Rural decline is one of the reasons spatial inequality exists. Not much land is suitable...
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...experiment conclusions can be draw regarding the Mozart effect and intellectual enhancement on babies. Secondly, through critical evaluation of research articles that were conducted to prove or disprove the theory, conclusions can be drawn regarding the Mozart effect and the degree of intellectual enhancement it has on babies. Thirdly, academic research suggests there is a scientific explanation behind the Mozart effect that provides a deeper understanding of the theory’s claims towards enhancing intelligence. There has been a lot of attention drawn to the first scientific experiment that introduced the Mozart effect. Rauscher, Shaw and Ky (1993) conducted an experiment with thirty-six college students that were tested in a paper folding spatial-reasoning task from the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale. The three experiment conditions were; listening to Mozart, sitting in silence and listening to a relaxation tape. Researchers found that 10 minutes of exposure to a Mozart sonata, prior to attempting abstract reasoning tests, produced a statistically significant increase in performance which was...
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...experiment conclusions can be draw regarding the Mozart effect and intellectual enhancement on babies. Secondly, through critical evaluation of research articles that were conducted to prove or disprove the theory, conclusions can be drawn regarding the Mozart effect and the degree of intellectual enhancement it has on babies. Thirdly, academic research suggests there is a scientific explanation behind the Mozart effect that provides a deeper understanding of the theory’s claims towards enhancing intelligence. There has been a lot of attention drawn to the first scientific experiment that introduced the Mozart effect. Rauscher, Shaw and Ky (1993) conducted an experiment with thirty-six college students that were tested in a paper folding spatial-reasoning task from the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale. The three experiment conditions were; listening to Mozart, sitting in silence and listening to a relaxation tape. Researchers found that 10 minutes of exposure to a Mozart sonata, prior to attempting abstract reasoning tests, produced a statistically significant increase in performance which was...
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...Presentation and Report Assignment The semiconductor industry has becoming a dominant influence in our lives for the last four decades, often without us being aware of its existence. The industry is still really young and stems from the late 1940s and 1950s. The most fundamental development has been the increased miniaturization of the circuits used in producing chips, permitting the incorporation of electronic components into a vast range of products like mobile phones and home computers. [pic] The main features of globalization of the industry The production of circuits is highly complex because of a wide diversity of semi-conductor products. The semiconductor industry was the first industry where spatial hierarchy of production at the global scale first became apparent, with clear geographical separation between design and manufacturing on the one hand and assembly and testing on the other hand. Combined with the small size of the computer chips means that each production process does not need to be located in close geographical proximity. Design and fabrication of the chips requires high-level scientific, technical and engineering personnel along with an extremely pure production environment and availability of suitable utilities like a pure water supply and proper waste disposal for chemicals used in the production process. For the assembly in different electronic products and testing a clean environment is still important but can be managed...
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...Providing resources for staff and students in higher and further education in the UK and beyond Business Development Plan 2009–2012 EDINA is a JISC National Datacentre Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. MISSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 3. VALUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 4. CONTEXT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5. BUSINESS PLAN FOR 2009–2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Strategic goal 1: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 To provide added value, high quality services, leveraged by research, enhancement activity and engagement with others Strategic theme 1a: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7 Providing a managed portfolio...
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...and m for maritime air masses (moist). The second letter describes the thermal characteristic of its source region: T for tropical, P for polar, A for Arctic or Antarctic, M for monsoon, E for equatorial, and S for superior air (dry air formed by significant downward motion in the atmosphere). The third letter is used to designate the stability of the atmosphere. If the air mass is colder than the ground below it, it is labeled k. If the air mass is warmer than the ground below it, it is labeled. While air mass identification was originally used in weather forecasting during the 1950s, climatologists began to establish synoptic climatologies based on this idea in 1973. Based upon the Bergeron classification scheme is the Spatial Synoptic Classification system (SSC). There are six categories within the SSC scheme: Dry Polar (similar to continental polar), Dry Moderate (similar to maritime superior), Dry Tropical (similar to continental tropical), Moist Polar (similar to maritime polar), Moist Moderate (a hybrid between maritime polar and maritime tropical), and Moist Tropical (similar to maritime tropical, maritime monsoon, or maritime equatorial). Historical geography is the study of the human, physical, fictional, theoretical, and "real" geographies of the past. Historical geography studies a wide variety of issues and topics. A common theme is the study of the geographies of the past and how a place or region changes through time. Many historical...
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...Urban trees or forests are essential landscape elements that have in principle, similar functions as trees in natural settings, through their environmental, economic and social services and products (Fulton and Harcombe, 2002). In Kenyatta University, continued development and reforestation process has occasioned massive land use and land cover change, with introduction of new tree species intended for various purposes within the university. To optimally incorporate conservational aspects into the developmental planning process, there is need to understand the current distribution of trees and assess their potential roles. In this regard, this study sought to evaluate the spatial distribution of trees within the university. The study then assessed their roles and effects and evaluated the linkage between spatial location of the trees and their respective roles within Kenyatta University. In its findings, most respondents agreed that over 50% of the University is under tree cover. Additionally, the perception is that, denser woodlots and tree stands were found concentrated in the Arboretum (37.5%), Along Pathways (20.8%) and Staff Residential Areas (20.8%). Kenyatta University populace is of the opinion that, Grevelia (30.0%) and Eucalyptus (24.0%) tree species predominate; compared to other species such as acacia (16%). Patently, major tree uses are beauty (50%), fruit (4%) and shade (6%). Finally, it was evident that, there exists a significant relationship between location of...
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