...Spousal Abuse Domestic violence is considered to be one of the most unreported crimes in the United States. Spousal abuse has always been an issue across the nation, it can be found in many different cultural, genders and social classes. Spousal abuse is abuse that is physical, emotional, mental or sexual abuse caused by a partner, or a spouse. According to American Bar Association (2011), "Approximately there are 1.3 million women and 835,000 men that are physically assaulted by an intimate partner annually in the United States” (Domestic Violence Statistics). Noticing and acknowledge signs of an abusive relationship is key for trying to end the violence. Laws that Help Protect Spousal Abuse Spousal abuse has become more common over the last forty years. Before then, women were abused on a regular basis. Now, due in part to cultural diversity among neighborhoods and the internet, many of these crimes have come to light. Because of spousal abuse, new laws have been put in place to curb the violence. Crimes such as assault, sexual abuse, spousal rape, assault with deadly weapon, and even murder are only a few violent acts that the victim’s partner can be arrested for today. Although the crimes remain the same for many individuals, crimes involving spousal abuse have changed a bit. In past decades, when a spouse would report abuse, law enforcement would go to the place of the complaint looking for evidence of a crime (i. e., witnesses, physical marks...
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...Introduction I find this question to be asked when bring the state law also the federal law into this matter to law enforcement. Is the fact that the laws do not state that being married is grounds for the laws to be broken with the law for kidnapping? Are more than guidelines for which the laws happened to made to protect anyone that happens to be kidnapped?, With the disregard for the laws being in black and white they are faulted to fail cause of the simple term used is marriage so the laws cannot be broken. My research topic is the misuse of the law for kidnapping when who are married. The terms I took a look at are of the five W's which are who, what, when, where, and why. The two states that I am going to be using are Florida and Louisiana in regards to kidnapping. I have not used any database using ITT Technical Institute library. The databases I used to collect the information are websites from the states themselves also the government websites. The information that I have gathered is reliable and the reason is that the three sources I found are up to date on the laws for this. Misuse of kidnapping laws Law enforcement can misuse the kidnapping laws governed each state and federal law. The police first ask you if you are married and if custody is in effect and if no custody is not in play they won’t enforce the law even when who look up the laws. Regarding the context of the laws of the state that you live in, for me Florida, and...
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...Summary Emotional abuse is a form of abuse characterized by a person subjecting or exposing another to behavior that may result in psychological trauma, including anxiety, chronic depression, or post traumatic stress disorder. In the article written by Gayle L. Reed and Robert D. Enright, spousal emotional abuse has been reported by 35 percent of women in the United States. There are seven areas which have been identified as spousal psychological abuse. These areas are criticizing, ridiculing, jealous control, purposeful ignoring, threats of abandonment, and threats of harm and damage to personal property (). This article compares Forgiveness Therapy (FT), and Alternative Therapies (AT). Forgiveness therapy focuses on resentment, which can lead to depression, anxiety, and other negative psychological outcomes (). Based on the material that this writer has read, forgiveness is a decision to give up resentment and to be able to set aside selfishness, and to be able to acquire a sense of peace to move forward in their lives without reconciling with the person which abused them. There were 20 women ranging from 30 to 54 who had been psychologically abused, which participated in a research study. To be eligible to participate in this study, the woman had to have been emotionally abused, they had to be divorced or either separated permanently from their partner for at least 2 years. These woman ranged in race, ethnicity, education and work background. By participating in this...
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...with a history of emotional abuse by a spouse or romantic partner. This review of Reed & Enright (2006) includes a summary of the article, a personal reflection of the material, and application points for future consideration. The article in review employed a case study format that puts forgiveness therapy and will be referred throughout this paper as FT and Alternative Treatment which will also be referred throughout this paper as AT under comparison in women who has experienced emotional and psychological abuse whom have been separated for 2 or more years with no interest on reconciliation. The main goals of the article were first to provide data that proves that FT is more beneficial for women as a therapeutic approach (Read & Enright, 2006). The two therapeutic strategies discussed in this article include: (a) Forgiveness Therapy, and (b) Alternative Treatment. The method of study was conducted of 20 women who fall into the description of psychologically abused between the ages of 32-54 from different ethnic, educational, racial and family dynamics. The design consisted of a control group that had limited contact with their former partner varied regardless of pre-existing children, were divided into 10 groups and one from each group was selected for FT and the rest was sent to AT. Control groups were screened using a posttraumatic stress symptom checklist. There was exclusion based on current involvement, history of childhood abuse, or ongoing psychiatric illness...
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...ideology that offers protection and affection to women who conform to traditional gender roles (e.g., cute girlfriend, obedient wife, etc.) Scores on each dimension can vary from 0 to 5, and although there is no fixed point that divides sexist and nonsexist people, higher ASI scores are related to greater degrees of sexism. For example, people with high levels of hostile sexism are more likely than others to hold negative stereotypes about career women, and they express attitudes that are more tolerant of sexual harassment and spousal abuse of women. 2. Which one do you think is more dangerous? Why? I think the Hostil sexsism is more dangerous than benevolent sexism, because it assumes that the person has negative thoughts about women. When you have negative thoughts whether it's a person or something else, it is easier to perform "evil" actions. It does not necessarily say that a person who goes under the category of hostile sexism must commit sexual abuses like rape. But I personally believe that it is easier to do something stupid to people you have a negative thought about. 3. How did the wording of the questions in the ASI affect your responses? Do you think that if they had been worded differently your responses would have been more definitive? Think about it... Absolutely. The way a question is asked influences and delegates the response of the person who was asked the...
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...tied the victim’s arms and legs to the bed with rope, removed his clothes and attacked him with a 10-inch (25-centimeter) kitchen knife as he awoke, Nightengale said. “He was conscious when his penis was removed,” Nightengale said. Nightengale said Becker put the penis in the garbage disposal and turned it on. Becker called the emergency dispatcher and indicated to arriving officers that the victim was in the next room, Nightengale said. Paramedics found him tied to the bed, bleeding profusely. Bail for Becker was set at $1 million after she was booked at the Orange County Jail for investigation of aggravated mayhem, false imprisonment, assault with a deadly weapon, administering a drug with intent to commit a felony, poisoning and spousal abuse. The victim underwent surgery and was in serious condition at the University of California at Irvine Medical Center in Orange. Nightengale said the man is expected to survive. A call to a hospital spokeswoman was not immediately returned. Becker was taken into custody without incident, although she would not talk to officers, Nightengale said. Becker is due in court Wednesday. A telephone listing for her residence could not be located and no one was home in the apartment....
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...It is important for all adults to understand that bullying does not have to be a normal part of childhood. All forms of bullying are harmful to the bully, the victim, and to the witnesses. The effects can last well into adulthood. Bullying and not-confronting bullies are morally wrong (Education.com, 2009). 1. The bully learns the behavior is acceptable and continues to be a bully as an adult. This behavior is passed to the bully's children; learned by observation and modeling, the bully becomes a regenerator of spousal abuse, children abuser and perhaps a criminal who delights in killing homeless people. It is up parents, leaders, educator, and community to teach that bullying is wrong and it should be done to anyone (Yahoo, 2012). 2. Other...
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...Introduction Gender-based violence is violence against women based on women’s subordinate status in society. It includes any act or threat by men or male dominated institutions that inflict physical, sexual, or psychological harm on a woman or girl because of their gender. In most cultures, traditional beliefs, norms and social institutions legitimize and therefore perpetuate violence against women. Gender-based violence includes physical, sexual and psychological violence such as domestic violence; sexual abuse, including rape and sexual abuse of children by family members; forced pregnancy; sexual slavery; traditional practices harmful to women, such as honor killings, burning or acid throwing, female genital mutilation, dowry-related violence; violence in armed conflict, such as murder and rape; and emotional abuse, such as coercion and abusive language. Trafficking of women and girls for prostitution, forced marriage, sexual harassment and intimidation at work are additional examples of violence against women. Gender violence occurs in both the ‘public’ and ‘private’ spheres. Such violence not only occurs in the family and in the general community, but is sometimes also perpetuated by the state through policies or the actions of agents of the state such as the police, military or immigration authorities. Gender-based violence happens in all societies, across all social classes, with women particularly at risk from men they know. (United Nations declaration...
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...deprivation, whether occurring in public and private life (Mallorca-Bernabe 1-2).” In simpler terms, domestic violence refers to the abusive treatment one evokes another in the family context. Fifty years ago, domestic violence was not even recognized as a significant study or as a legal problem. It was not until the time when feminist activism developed concerning domestic violence that this issue surfaced publicly. From then on, domestic violence has been understood as abuse not confined to the criterion of being physical but as an act involving emotional abuse and sexual assault (Schneider 353-363). Physical violence, being the most evident of the three, involves acts that somewhat suffuse physical torment upon the victim. This encompasses slapping, hitting, kicking, burning, punching, choking, shoving, beating, throwing things, locking out, restraining, and other acts designed to injure, hurt, endanger, or cause physical pain. Emotional abuse, believed to have longer lasting effects than physical abuse, entails saying things to despise another person. Taken into detail, this type of violence covers the act of consistently doing or saying things to shame,...
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...Patriarchy’s Effect on Battered Women’s Syndrome and Abuse Introduction Domestic violence has existed for centuries and is still prevalent in present day society (Flowers, 1996: 131). Domestic violence generally involves violence towards women and children (Sev’er, 2007: 235).This generally includes physical, sexual, verbal, and emotional violence directed towards a spouse, girlfriend, wife, or partner (DeKeseredy, 2005: 234). One of the debates surrounding domestic violence is the legitimacy of battered women’s syndrome. There are arguments over whether or not battered woman’s syndrome is a justifiable defence or just an excuse (Fumento, 1996: 158). The aim of this paper is to justify the legitimacy of Battered Women’s Syndrome, or BWS for short. I will look at the history of violence to better understand the credibility of BWS as well as why it is discredited. I will analyze how the patriarchal capitalist society we live in affects the views regarding BWS and abuse. The purpose of this section is to understand how the patriarchal capitalist society attempts to protect male status by discrediting the validity of spousal abuse and BWS. Definition and History Battered women’s syndrome results from a pattern of abuse from a partner (Barnett & LaViolette, 1996: 158). Spousal abuse has had a long history, and has grown since the middle ages (Flowers, 1996: 131). Social scientist Friedrich Engels noted that spousal abuse began “with the emergence of the first monogamous pairing...
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...Simpson Liberty University Online Summary of Article The article titled The Effects of Forgiveness Therapy on Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress for Women After Spousal Emotional Abuse, written by Gayle Reed and Robert Enright (2006) reviews the extreme side effects that women in various abusive relationships experience. These adverse effects in many cases could furthermore, contribute to chronic psychological dysfunction. At the time the article was written, there was no dictated empirical evidence on therapeutic procedures needed to assist women that suffered from spousal emotional abuse: “Despite the frequent calls for efficacious therapies for these women, no empirically validated treatments have been clearly established” (Reed & Enright, 2006, para. 1). The concept of lacked empirical therapeutic measures for women suffering from emotional spousal abuse triggered further studies to implement solid treatment methods for these victims of emotional abuse. Emotional abuse can have just as much or even more adverse effects on women as actual physical abuse. There were two therapeutic treatments discussed in the article: forgiveness therapy (FT) and alternative treatment (AT). It was predicted that the usage of FT would actually benefit women whom suffered emotional spousal abuse in numerous ways opposed to those whom underwent alternative therapy. “individuals who participated in FT would demonstrate less depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress symptoms...
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...The depiction of abuse in the Canadian legal system is quite broad, and can include many types of offences. These offences branch off depending on categories of action, such as whether the abuse is physical, sexual, or psychological, and the perpetrators of the abuse. One area of abuse is spousal abuse, which can also be grouped under the broader category of domestic abuse. In 2014, Statistics Canada reported that nearly equal proportions of men and women experienced spousal abuse during the preceding five years, with about 342,000 women and 418,000 men across the provinces (Statistics Canada, Trends). However, the narrative that is painted across the country is that women are the only victims, and that “female victims suffer more physically,...
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...DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN WEBUYE COUNTY- WESTERN KENYA A RESEARCH PROPOSAL FOR THE FULFILLMENT OF A DIPLOMA COURSE IN THE UNIVERSITY OF ………. A STUDY CONDUCTED BY MR. SHDRACK MOMANYI OCHENGO PRESENTED TO PROF. …….. DATE OF SUBMISSION AUGUST 3, 2012 Table of Contents Chapter One (Introduction) 4 1.1 Background Information 4 1.2 Justification of the Study 6 2.0 Chapter 2: Literature Review 9 2.1 Introduction 9 2.2 Factors related to Domestic Violence 9 2. 3 Remedy to Domestic Violence. 11 2.4 Challenges in Resolving Domestic Violence 15 2.5 The Legal Framework 15 3.0 Chapter 3: Methodology 17 3.1 Introduction 17 3.2 Sample Design, Sampling Procedure and Data Collection. 17 3.3 Data Source and Data Collection Methods 18 3.4 Choice and Limitations of the Research Methods 19 3.5 Data Analysis and Ethical Issues 20 3.6 Problems, Constraints and Limitations of the Study 21 4.0 Chapter 4: Discussion of the Findings 22 4.1 Causes of Domestic Violence 22 4.2 Consequences of domestic violence 25 5.0 Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations 29 5.1 Conclusion 29 5.2 Recommendations 31 Chapter 6: References 32 Appendices 34 6.1 Appendix One (Questionnaire and Interview Guide) 34 Chapter One (Introduction) 1.1 Background Information Since the beginning of the 20th...
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...Domestic violence, also known as domestic abuse, spousal abuse, battering, family violence, and intimate partner violence (IPV), is defined as a pattern of abusive behaviors by one partner against another in an intimate relationship such as marriage, dating, family, or cohabitation.[1] Domestic violence, so defined, has many forms, including physical aggression or assault (hitting, kicking, biting, shoving, restraining, slapping, throwing objects), or threats thereof; sexual abuse; emotional abuse; controlling or domineering; intimidation; stalking; passive/covert abuse (e.g., neglect); and economic deprivation.[1][2] Alcohol consumption[3] and mental illness[4] can be co-morbid with abuse, and present additional challenges in eliminating domestic violence. Awareness, perception, definition and documentation of domestic violence differs widely from country to country, and from era to era. Domestic violence and abuse is not limited to obvious physical violence. Domestic violence can also mean endangerment, criminal coercion, kidnapping, unlawful imprisonment, trespassing, harassment, and stalking.[5] Laws on domestic violence vary by country. While it is generally outlawed in the Western World, this not the case in many developing countries. For instance, in 2010, the United Arab Emirates's Supreme Court has ruled that a man has the right to physically discipline his wife and children as long as he doesn't leave physical marks.[6] The social acceptability of domestic violence...
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...definition of a social problem, also called a social issue, is an undesirable condition that people believe should be corrected" (http://www.yourdictionary.com/social-problem). To make your subject manageable, narrow your topic or focus as you locate information. Abortion Affirmative Action Affordable Care Act (Obamacare) Ageism / Age Discrimination Airport Screening Procedures Airport Security Alcoholism Animal Rights Anorexia Nervosa Anti-Muslim Discrimination Binge Drinking Birth Control Bulimia Nervosa Bullying Campus Crime Capital Punishment / Death Penalty Chemical Weapons Child Abuse Child Labor Classism Climate Change Cloning Colorisim Cloud Hacking Computer Hacking Corporal Punishment Corporate Downsizing Cyber Bullying (Cyberbullying) Date Rape Disaster Relief Domestic Violence Dream Act Drinking and Driving Driving While Black Drug Abuse / Drug Addiction Eating Disorders Ebola Virus Disease Embryonic Stem Cell Research Environmental Pollution Environmental Racism Equal Pay Euthanasia / Mercy Killing / Assisted Suicide Excessive Force By Law Enforcement Felony Disenfranchisement Gang Violence Gay Rights Genetic Engineering Genetically Modified Food Gentrification Global Warming Gun Control Gun Rights Hate Crimes Hazing Health Care Disparities Health Care Reform HIV / AIDS Home Forclosures Homelessness Honor Killings Human Trafficking Hunger Identify Theft Illegal Immigration Legalization of Marijuana Legalization...
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