...CLAIM: President Bush’s veto of the Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act in July of 2006 was a proportional reaction to the expanding influence of conservative political ideology and religious fundamentalism throughout America. VARIABLES: My independent variables are conservative political ideology and religious fundamentalism. My dependant variable is President Bush’s 2006 veto of the Stem Cell Enhancement Act, also known as the H.R. 810 Bill. EXPECTATIONS: I expect to find overwhelming and convincing evidence to corroborate my assertion that the expanding influence of conservative political ideology and religious fundamentalism in America are the two most profound independent variables to affect President Bush’s 2006 veto of the Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act. I also expect to obtain convincing evidence that political conservatism and religiosity have an interactive effect on the public attitude towards stem cell research which directly influences federal policy concerning this controversial issue. It is my contention that the preponderance of evidence will confirm my theory that as the level of conservatism and religious zeal rises; the public support and enthusiasm for stem cell research will wane proportionally, resulting in federal policies that continue to be restrictive and obtuse. EVIDENCE THAT SUPPORTS THE CLAIM: With the advent of technology and subsequent advances in human stem cell research, the scientific and medical communities were inspired...
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...world in science and technology. American technology has produced advances in many areas of medicine. As this medical research continues, there has controversy between advancing medicine through testing and preserving life. In the United States and around the world, there have been debates and laws created which demonstrate the controversy in stem cell research. One of the main debates is that stem research can be used to discover cures for illness. Many experts believe stem cell research can be used to help against diabetes, Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer (Lacayo, 2001). However, many people worry that stem cell research will be used for unethical purposes such as human cloning. They also argue that money from the government should not be used to destroy a human embryo. In the United States and around the world there have been many laws regarding stem cell research. President Bush was the first President that made funds available for stem cell research. (Bush, 2007). According to the National Institute of Health, a government biomedical research organization, President George W Bush announced in August, 2001 a policy which advances stem cell research. Federal funds may be used for research on human embryonic stem cells if the following three requirements are met: 1) the destruction of the embryo must be prior to August 9, 2001, 2) stem cells were removed from embryo for the purpose of reproduction, which “was no longer needed.” 3) the donor had informed consent...
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...Rebuttal: Empty Promise of Embryonic Stem Cell Research Maurice Gooden BCOM 275 April 24, 2012 Todd Brenton Rebuttal to Embryonic stem cell research There has been much debate over the controversial topic of embryonic stem cell research as it pertains to its morality. Many supporters of pro-life and various religious followers compare this research to murder because of their belief that human life starts from conception. On the other hand, scientists and researchers want to use these cultures of cells and make good use of this science for the greater advancement in modern medicine. It is hard to sway either ideology because there is no hard written documentation that outlines the contingency of this concept. There are many opinionated articles that touch on this subject and its morality. Prime example comes from an article written by Mike Pence in the Christianity Times. Throughout much of this article, there is use of subtle scare tactic, and rationalizing. He states, “Millions of pro-life Americans believe that life is sacred, and I along with them was deeply troubled by President Obama's executive order eliminating restrictions on embryonic stem-cell research not only because it destroys human life, but particularly because it ignores the advances that have been made in adult stem-cell research.” (Pence, 2009). He is leading us to believe that this step toward medical science will be worthless, and in the process destroying potential life from these embryos. However...
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...Marvin Jones Outline Details Topic: Stem Cell Treatment in Cancer Introduction: (ends with the thesis) A brief description of the technology and an explanation of the associated science - Cornelious What are stem cells? Stem cells are immature cells that have the potential to become any type of cell in the body. These cells can act as a repair system, by having the ability to divide and multiply to replenish other body cells that have been damaged or loss. Stem cell research has been hailed for the potential to revolutionize the future of medicine with the ability to regenerate damaged and diseased organs. On the other hand, stem cell research has been highly controversial due to the ethical issues concerned with the culture and use of stem cells derived from human embryos. However, with more emphasis on the potential of stem cells, hospitals are currently utilizing stem cells in some of their most advanced and innovative cancer treatment techniques. I. First Main Point: Cornelious The historical development and context of the technology A. The History of Stem Cell Research 1. The Discovery of Stem Cells 2. Utilization of Stem Cells B. Stem Cells and Cancer 1. Bone Marrow and Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation 2. Autologous Stem Cell Rescue II. Second Main Point: Capriana Political and Legal influences A. Treatment of cancer using stem cells 1. Chemotherapy 2. Stem cell based therapies ...
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...Embryonic stem cells versus pronucleus Name Course Institution affiliation Date Embryonic stem cells versus pronucleus Embryonic stem cell and pronucleus techniques have been utilized widely in human cloning. Just as the name suggests, embryonic stem cells are cells derived from the embryos of human beings. The term cloning is used by scientists to describe the variety of processes used in making duplicates of biological materials. This paper will discuss the embryonic cells and pronucleus taking into accounts their application to human cloning. Caenorhadditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster will also be discussed together with application of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Embryonic stem cell has been applied in human cloning through human cloning for biomedical research whereby cloned cells are produced and used in individual patients suffering from diseases like Parkinson’s disease and type 1 diabetes (Fairbanks, 2004). This discovery has been used to develop embryos thus making important steps for medicine. Cloned embryos have been used widely as sources of stem cells, which have been developed to make new heart muscles, bone, brain tissues and other type of cells in the body. The stem cells have provided a breakthrough in medicine by creating new tissues that might be able to heal the damage caused by heart attack or repair severed spinal cord (Fairbanks, 2004). There are trials of utilizing stem cells from donated embryos to try and restore people’s eye sights. The donated...
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...Professor Maria Zaccaria Introduction to Ethics April 27, 2015 Outline THESIS: Is the use of stem cells favorable for healing and or curing human diseases more favorable for healing and or curing diseases more significant than the ethical concerns and arguments? I. What are stem cells? A) An unspecialized cell that can generate to one or more different types of specialized cells regenerated as blood or nerve cells. B) Stem cells are present in embryos and in tissues of adult organisms. II. How are stem cells used? A) Scientific Research B) Potential disease and treatment and or cures C) In vitro fertilization D) Cloning and Genetic Engineering III. Ethical concerns regarding stems cells. A) Scientific research perspective B) Political/Moral Ethics perspective C) Religious/Utilitarianism perspective IV. Conclusion | Stem Cells Risk or Benefit Since the introduction of DNA, scientists have researched many ways to treat and extinguish disease. One interesting way is through the use of stem cells. To get better understanding of stem cells, they are defined as non-specific biological cells capable of differentiating into specialized cells. Stems cells have a unique quality of developing and duplicating cells through the process of cell division. The distinctiveness of stem cells is that they are unspecialized, meaning no specific function...
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...creation of the monster. He conducts this risky experiment in secrecy without referring to others, and with no contemplation of the possible penalties. Dr. Frankenstein creates the monster simply because he has the ability to do so. This turns out to be a blunder for him since his creation goes on a merciless killing binge over the progression of the next few years. There have been many debates over some of the improvements that have been made in the medical field. For example, stem cell research: Some say that with stem cell research, cures to many infections and ailments can be discovered. This can be done by using the stem cell and observing it in scientific ways. Contradictory opinions of that say that it is corrupt and immoral for researchers to do that because it is like murdering what would become a baby/ human being. Similar disputes occur within readers of this novel....
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...The 21st century is characterized for its technological advancements. Rapid renovation in medical research, disease treatment, and advanced quality of life has marked the turn of the century. Recent development in stem cell research has brought forth an ethical debate; whether research to achieve new medical remedies is permissible at the stake of, arguably, the unborn life of frozen embryos or if stem cell research should cease at the cost of disease stricken people worldwide to preserve an embryo that may never be born. 1. Massage (Articulate) the Problem: a) What is the current undesirable situation? Identify and define issues in the dilemma. The current undesirable situation pertaining to frozen embryo donation is the donor being forced to keep frozen embryos against their own discretion. It may be unfavorable to keep embryos frozen for an extended period of time because of the financial burden. To extract, freeze, and preserve embryos, clients can expect to pay an initial fee of approximately $10,000. According to USCFertility, client can also expect a storage fee of $500 per year and to thaw frozen embryos an additional payment of $5,000 is required (uscfertility.org). Another issue apart of this ethical dilemma is whether embryos are classified as a person or property. If assumed to be property, it is debatable whether preservation of embryos can be mandated. Lastly, and perhaps the most controversial component of this dilemma is defining “conception” to establish when...
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...age therapies and methods. Outline: 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Definition of Terms 1.1.1 Tissue Engineering 1.1.2 Cloning 1.2 Brief History 1.2.1 Tissue Engineering in the 1980s to 2000s 1.2.2 Effectiveness and Plans of Usage 1.3 Objectives 1.3.1 Medical Advancement 1.3.2 Therapies 1.3.3 Methods 1.4 Scope and Limitations 1.4.1 Discoveries from the 1980 to 2010 2.0 Discussion 2.1 Medical Advancement 2.1.1 Progress and Developments 2.2 Therapies 2.2.1 Autografting 2.2.2 Allografting 2.2.3 Xenografting 2.2.4 Bioartificial Devices 2.3 Methods 2.3.1 In Vitro 2.3.2 In Vivo 3.0 Conclusion Tissue Engineering, a scientific field that is focused on the creation of new tissue in replacement of those deteriorated by age, sickness or injury, thereby enhancing the overall performance of the afflicted area (Johnson, 2010). It is a continuously expanding field, due to being a study that affects proliferation of cells and prolonging the life of a human organ (Vacanti, 2006). Tissue Engineering is not limited to medicine, but also includes several branches of sciences, such as molecular biology, bioengineering, nanotechnology; this is because of the different characteristics of different tissues. For example, recreating a pancreas means a tissue must be constructed to make insulin; this is a special function that is carried by the original organ (Johnson, 2010). Tissue engineering is seen as the answer to degenerating cells and malfunctioning organs, yet...
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...Introduction This paper will outline the question “what is Globalization,” outline some traditional trade theories, major drivers of globalization, and explain some effects of globalization on communities and industry. What is Globalization Defined as “globalization refers to the shift toward a more integrated and inter-dependent work economy. Globalization has several facets, including the globalization of markets and the globalization of production.” (Hill, 2009, Chapter One). Globalization as it affects markets and trade is the development of international supply and distribution chains. Traditionally supply and manufacturing was more localized be region distributed to a final destination. Globalization has permitted the most effective supply chain to be directed to the most cost-effective manufacturing resource and distributed in the most cost-effective way. This is made that a company’s headquarters or main office may not even have a presence at any of the origination points. Companies often source components of their products from regions around the globe and ship them to a manufacturing or assembly plant in another region. Major Drivers There are three major drivers for globalization and those are: cost of materials, labor costs, and regulation. Depending on the product a company may find the components of their product be offered at a lower price, even after shipping in another region of the world, thus allowing for more profit. Companies may find an educated...
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...Biology » Outlines Chapter 21 - The Genetic Basis of Development Chapter 21 The Genetic Basis of Development Lecture Outline Overview: From Single Cell to Multicellular Organism * The application of genetic analysis and DNA technology to the study of development has brought about a revolution in our understanding of how a complex multicellular organism develops from a single cell. * In 1995, Swiss researchers identified a gene that functions as a master switch to trigger the development of the eye in Drosophila. * A similar gene triggers eye development in mammals. * Developmental biologists are discovering remarkable similarities in the mechanisms that shape diverse organisms. * While geneticists were advancing from Mendel’s laws to an understanding of the molecular basis of inheritance, developmental biologists were focusing on embryology. * Embryology is the study of the stages of development leading from fertilized egg to fully formed organism. * In recent years, the concepts and tools of molecular genetics have reached a point where a real synthesis of genetics and developmental biology has been possible. * When the primary research goal is to understand broad biological principles, the organism chosen for study is called a model organism. * Researchers select model organisms that are representative of a larger group, suitable for the questions under investigation, and easy to grow in the lab. * For study...
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...Am J Stem Cell 2012;1(3):196-204 www.AJSC.us /ISSN:2160-4150/AJSC1208001 Review Article Directed differentiation of progenitor cells towards an islet-cell phenotype Arif Abed1, Charlotte Critchlow2, Peter R Flatt3, Neville H McClenaghan3, Catriona Kelly1 The Guy Hilton Research Centre, Institute for Science and Technology, Keele University, UK; 2Keele Medical School, Keele University, UK; 3Diabetes Research Group, SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK 1 Received August 3, 2012; Accepted November 9, 2012; Epub November 30, 2012; Published December 10, 2012 Abstract: Exogenous insulin administration and oral anti-diabetic drugs are the primary means of treating diabetes. However, tight glycaemic control, with its inherent risk of hypoglycaemia, is required to prevent the microvascular and macrovascular complications of the disease. While islet or pancreas transplantations offer a longer-term cure, their widespread application is not possible, primarily because of a lack of donor tissue, the burden of life-long immunosuppression, and eventual graft rejection. The rapid increase in the incidence of diabetes has promoted the search for alternative cell-based therapies. Here we review recent advances in the directed differentiation of both endocrine and non-endocrine progenitors towards an islet-like phenotype. Keywords: Endocrine, progenitor cells, islet cells, insulin production, diabetes mellitus The need for cell-based therapies for...
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...Basella alba (Alugbati) stems as light-accumulators for making of dye-sensitized solar cells ________________________ An Investigatory Project Presented to Association of Science Educators of the Philippines (ASEP) in cooperation with Department of Education (DepEd) ________________________ As an Entry to the 2014 REGIONAL SCIENCE QUEST (Regional Level – Physical Science Team – Private Schools Category) ________________________ Proponents Dan Carlos C. Calubaquib Lisa Marielle S. Tagasa Rea Melissa P. Espiritu EFREN PAZ Research Adviser ________________________ Roosevelt College Science High School Sumulong Highway Cainta, Rizal November 2014 ACKNOWLEGDEMENT We would like to thank our parents for their nonstop support during our research project. Thank you for Mr. and Mrs. Tagasa for letting us stay at their house to do our experiments in the middle of the night. Thanks you for Mrs. Espiritu for helping us to find Indium Tin Oxide, which is essential to our study. And last but not the least, thank you for Ms. Corpuz for helping us to find the chemicals we needed. To our friends that encouraged us to continue. Thank you for Austin Kinn Rubin for giving us a piece of advice on what would be the best thing to do for our research. And to the entire Batch 10, we thank you for the support you gave. To our teachers that taught us how to think and not what to think. To Ms. Luzita Alcid, our principal, who helped us defend our study better. To our research teacher, Mr. Paz...
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...Applying the Basic Priniciples of Science and Methods of Scientific Inquiry Observation: The plants that are on the left side of the flowerbed are growing better than the flowers on the right side of the flowerbed. There is a dog that constantly pees on the left side of the flowerbed. The left side of the flowerbed receives more sunlight than the right side. Problem: The plants on the right side of the flowerbed are not growing as well as the flowers on the left side of the flowerbed Hypothesis One: Because the left side of the flowerbed receives more sun light, the flowers grow better on that side. Hypothesis Two: The flowers on the left side grow better than the right side because of the sunlight and dog pee combination. Experiment: Collect samples of the soil from both sides of the flowerbed. Test the soil for nutrients. Note the amount of time the flowers on each side of the flowerbed receives sunlight. Water the flowerbed as usual. Note how often the dog pees on the flowerbed. Place some of the flowers that are on the right side of the flowerbed in another container using the same soil they are growing in and put on the left side of the flowerbed so that they receive the same amount of sunlight as the plants that are growing well. Observation of Experiment: The results from the soil sample testing for nutrients revealed that there are elevated levels of nitrogen in the...
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...Table of Contents Title Page 1 Table of Contents 2 Outline Page #1 3 Outline Page #2 4 Research Paper, page #1 5 Research Paper, page #2 6 Research Paper, page #3 7 Works Cited 8 Outline THESIS: JJ Giving birth under water is good for the baby and the mom because it is less painful, THESIS: JJJstressful and it is a good and relaxing atmosphere for the baby to be born in. I. A water birth is, as the name implies, giving birth in water. The idea is that the JJJJJJJJJJJJJJwarm water replicates the feeling of the baby throughout the nine months of JJJJJJJJJJJJJJpregnancy. ...
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