...Alcohol Abuse Byron Williams HCA 430 Special Populations Lynne Trevisan 1 July 2013 Alcohol Abuse Alcoholism is a disease that is creating a heavy burden on society. Alcoholism is a broad term for problems with alcohol, and is generally used to mean compulsive and uncontrolled consumption of alcoholic beverages, usually to the detriment of the drinker's health, personal relationships, and social standing. It is medically considered a disease, specifically a neurological disorder, and in medicine several other terms are used, specifically "alcohol abuse" and "alcohol dependence" which have more specific definitions. “Every year alcohol is responsible for 1/2 of all murders, accidental deaths, and suicides; 1/3 of all drowning, boating, and aviation deaths; 1/2 of all crimes; and almost 1/2 of all fatal automobile accidents” (Wells, 2000). Alcohol is a potent nonprescription drug sold to anyone over the national legal drinking age, 21 and Substantial evidence exists that both the presence and quality of family ties and the attitudes and practices of families themselves are correlated with individual members’ propensity to drink, smoke, or use drugs. Culture\Ethnicity and Income are two factors that increase vulnerability to alcoholism. In all societies, alcoholic beverages are used as powerful and versatile symbolic tools, to construct and manipulate the social world. In most societies alcohol use is considered a social activity. However in some cultures alcohol use...
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...and Cultural Page 10 ------ Cont. Ethnic and Cultural Page 11 ------ Societal Attitudes and Stigma Page 12 ------ Cont. Societal Attitude and Stigma Page 13 ------ References Audience Teenagers abuse a variety of drugs, both legal and illegal. Legally available drugs include alcohol, prescribed medications, inhalants (fumes from glues, aerosols, and solvents) and over-the-counter cough, cold, sleep, and diet medications. The most commonly used illegal drugs are marijuana (pot), stimulants (cocaine, crack, and speed), LSD, PCP, opiates, heroin, and designer drugs (Ecstasy). The use of illegal drugs is increasing, especially among young teens. The average age of first marijuana use is 14, and alcohol use can start before age 12. The use of marijuana and alcohol in high school has become common. The audience for this informational seminar would be aimed to Middle school teachers and administrators prior towards the students entering high school. These are people who educate students, most of whom are in sixth through eighth grades. They help students build on the fundamentals they learned in elementary school and prepare them for the more difficult lessons they will learn in high school. To understand the prevalence of drug abuse among students, school leaders and health educators can add questions about drug abuse to health risk surveys administered to students....
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...A Systemic Need The Phenomenon Alcohol and drug abuse is an equal opportunity affliction. As a universal phenomenon, the abuse of mood-altering substances creates multiple and related problems across cultures, ages, gender, races, and religions. Although the thread of addiction is traceable throughout the history of mankind, progress toward identification of a root cause continues to elude the scientific community. Alcohol and drug abuse are linked to a number of social challenges, including, but not limited to, chronic illness, domestic violence, child abuse, crime, homelessness, aging, and mental health. People abuse substances such as drugs, alcohol, and tobacco for varied and complicated reasons that are not always immediately apparent. What remain painfully clear are the price individuals, families, cities, countries, and society at large all pay. The aftermath of substance abuse is significant and exerts a cost in both dollars and pain and suffering that is difficult to quantify. Primary care physicians, community agencies, hospitals, and emergency departments are inundated with the aftermath of substance abuse, and all provide care and support for both the direct damage to physical health and the psychological trauma experienced by the substance-dependent person and those people around him or her. The Research There are a variety of models and views on the treatment for and approach to the management of alcohol and drug abuse. Perspectives range from preventive models...
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...during pregnancy. They formulated primary prevention strategies through communication and media such as advertisements through television, print and radio, e-campaigns and social networking. This provides information and advice to prevent and lessen harm brought by drinking alcohol (AlcoholNZ, 2015). The campaign also gives support to the woman who is struggling with alcohol use by creating a group with similar experience as the other person, they call it Peer support work or (PSW). The PSW model enhances clients’ self-efficacy and self-esteem and supports clients to engage with the wider community. They work together with pregnant women and parents of children under three years of age, regardless of custody issues, and who are poorly connected to health and social services (AlcoholNZ, 2015)....
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...High rates of comorbid alcohol and drug disorders have previously been found among individuals with severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorders. The prevalence of substance problems among people suffering from severe mental disorders is high, and seems to be associated with greater use of in-patients services. This is a clinical problem, with the cost of implications. In recent decades, there has been a movement to bring mentally ill people out of institutions and support them so that they can live in communities. This movement was made possible by the development of effective drugs. along with some change in attitude about the mentally...
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...“Approximately two-thirds of both inpatients and outpatients in the mental health system report a history of childhood sexual and/or physical abuse...” (Haliburn). Dangerous behaviors such as drug and/or alcohol abuse and suicidal tendencies are common within the adolescent community as a form of coping with these tragedies. Haliburn states, “Some responses, such as suicidal behavior, are not only life-threatening but have multigenerational repercussions (i.e. the transmission of mood disorders and suicidal behavior to their offspring).” According to the National Center for Biotechnology Information, (NCBI), “Suicide is the third leading cause of death for 15- to 24-years-olds and the sixth leading cause of death for 5- to 15-year-olds.” Suicide being this common within the adolescent community is concerning and alarming, begging the question, what is the cause of this behavior? When a child is put through a trying time like physical, verbal, or emotional abuse, it has a negative effect on the development of the brain and causes permanent damage to the victim. The development of the brain is at its prime when we’re children, left vulnerable to the exposure of the outside world and its trials. Mental health is compromised when these difficult and unfortunate situations arise, the effects of...
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...HIV/AIDS & DRUG AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE 11TH MARCH 2016 1.Drugs and substance abuse in Kenya as in other countries permeates every sphere of the society and, indeed, threatens the very fabric of nationhood. As further stated ; HIV and AIDs in the Kenya context as a socio-economic and cultural issue. * Human capacity crisis e.g. Poverty * Slow economic growth * Chronic food security * Reduced life expectancy * Enhanced gender inequality as females are affected more than the male counterparts * Stigma, wife inheritance, FGM, early marriages, polygamy The causes of Alcohol and Drug Abuse. * Stress * Genetic predisposition * Socio-cultural environment * Easy access, poor/ lack of role models * Rebellion against family, traditional values * Lack of information/education * Poor parenting * Peer pressure, experimentation, curiosity The following are the Effects of Alcohol and Drug Abuse. * Social impact (Crime, GBV, breakdown in the social cultural norms, dysfunctional families/ separation/ divorce, child trafficking, immorality, orphans, high number of dependents, diseases, accidents, school unrest) * Economic impact (high poverty levels, high medical costs, unproductivity, overburdening of service provision , diversion of essential resources, economic crises such as bribery, corruption and money laundering) * Political impact – Breakdown of law and order, rise in vigilante groups and organized crimes...
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... chronic, relapsing condition that is often accompanied by severe health, psychological, economic, legal, and social consequences. Until recently substance abuse among women was hidden therefore women got less attention by the researchers and treatment providers and general public. However, it does not mean that women are not using or abusing substances or substance abuse among women were not exist in older days. Addiction cannot stay hidden because women are also equally vulnerable for substance addiction. This was evident when the national survey of the United States evidenced that drug use among women was increasing at a rate higher than for men, though men were still more likely to become addicted to drugs and alcohol than women (Westermeyer, & Boedicker, 2000; & Stein and Cyr, 1997). Recent literatures proved that though both men and women are equally vulnerable for substance addiction there is a clear difference among men and women substance users. A large number of researches suggest that women differ from men in a number of areas relating to alcohol and drug use the gender differences are reflected not only biologically but also in psychosocial dimensions too. The gender difference manifest from etiology of substance abuse to biopsychosocial consequences of substance abuse and also the treatment of substance abuse. Epidemiological...
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...Legalizing Marijuana, New Social Stigma: The new wave of Acceptance C. LaMour Romine Pittsburg State University Definition of Problem to be studied: This research is a secondary research analysis of the theoretical perspective of the marijuana movement - pertaining to the politic standpoint of marijuana verses cigarettes and scientific medical analysis of marijuana verses cigarettes. This research is meant to explore the multifaceted aspect of marijuana, cigarette trends, and the correlation between their recent waves of popularity. We will explore the historical facts of past tobacco trends to the present marijuana movement including widely held attitudes and beliefs about both substances. The thesis of this research will be to explore the differences between marijuana and cigarettes and social stigmas. Including the shift in popularity between tobacco and marijuana the MJ activist group known as NORML supporting the legalization of cannabis, while anti tobacco organizations have increased to ban cigarette smoke in public places. This research will conceptualize the meanings behind the negative stigmas associated with drugs legal and illegal influence. The problem is a double standard between the political views of marijuana and cigarettes. The political perspectives seem to be focused on public stigmas about the substance(s) rather than deciding drug laws based on medical science. Marijuana and tobacco have a shared...
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...“Post deployment Alcohol Use, Aggression, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder”. Military Medicine, Vol.177, Pp1184-1191. (October 2012) Friedman, Matthew J. “Finalizing PTSD in DSM-5: Getting Here From There and Where To Go Next”. Journal of Traumatic Stress. Pp548-455. (October 2013) Kasinof, Laura. “Women, War, and PTSD: Are Female Warriors More Likely To Be Traumatized By Combat?” Washington Monthly. November/December. Pp18-23. (2014) Kim, Paul Y.; Britt, Thomas W.; Klocko, Robert P.; Riviere, Lyndon A.; Adler, Amy B. “Stigma, Negative Attitudes About Treatment, and Utilization of Mental Health Care”. Military Psychology. (2011) Weaver, Terri L., PhD; Walter, Kirsten H., PhD; Chard Kathleen M., PhD; Bosch, Jeane, MPH. “Residual Injury, Appearance-Related Concerns, Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Depression Within a Treatment-Seeking Veteran Sample”. Military Medicine. Vol.179. Pp1067-1071. (October...
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...Alcoholism in Adult Magoha Mayagila Research Paper, Psych 2301 Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a non-curable mental disorder that’s affects millions of people worldwide. According to national institute on alcohol and alcoholism, 1 in 12 adults in U.S is suffering from AUD. If not diagnosed early, AUD can effects a person life psychologically, socially and economically. Despite affecting the general population, studies have shown men are two to three times more likely to develop AUD than women due to generic differences (Mettmann D 2014). The androgen receptor (AR) gene, located on X chromosome contains a common polymorphism involving cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) repeats, which impacts disease and could contribute the unequal sex ratio in alcoholism (Mettman D 2014). Even though men are more susceptible to AUD, the effects of AUD on women health is enormous compared to men. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is a psychological tool that have been used to collect mental disorder statistics since 1840. By 1952 American Psychiatric Association developed DMS-I to diagnose mental disorders. Prior to 2013, DMS-IV was the tool of choice for clinical diagnosis for alcoholism. DMS-IV categorized alcoholism into two distinct disorders, alcohol abuse and alcohol dependency; and two distinct criteria, abuse and dependency based on 11 symptoms. Alcohol abuse is defined as a behavior at which a person drinking pattern leads to undesirable acts and behavior...
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...Deciding to become an alcohol or substance abuse counselor can be a very rewarding but stressful occupation. It takes a special person who has compassion, patience and a genuine desire to help people. After completion of the required educational curriculum, there are many organizations that one could look to find opportunities to work with people in need. Also, there are being familiar with the different organization out there that make up the addiction-counseling field will be vital to a the success of the counselor-client relationship. This essay will discuss the different organizations out there that offer support for the counselor and the client. The National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism is on the organizations that make up the National Institute of Health. It is the largest contributor to research on the effects of alcohol in the world. The NIAAA teams up with science professional to conduct research that shows the correlations between alcohol and genetics, neuroscience, epidemiology and prevention and treatment. The NIAAA conducts studies with other treatment facilities and federal programs on issues related to alcohol abuse. T also helps with the implementation and interpretations of the results of research on the federal, state and local levels. Researchers can apply for the National Research Service Award program for grants to continue their works for better treatment possibilities. A trade association is a group of business that works...
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...marijuana has exponentially increased. According to the Office of National Drug Control Policy, “marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug in the United States. In 2011, 18.1 million Americans aged 12 and older (7.0 percent) reported using the drug.” (Office of the National Drug Control Policy). Compare this statistic, “to the 10.4 million young people between the ages of 12 and 20 who drank more than just a few sips of alcohol.” (National Institute on Alochol Abuse and Alcohlism). While the question of this paper is not the underage usage of alcohol or marijuana, in all the research that topic keeps being brought up. This focus of this paper is on the adult use (over the age of consent) of marijuana used to treatment medical necessity, not recreational use. Marijuana is considered a Schedule I drug as defined by the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA). According to the DEA website; drugs, substances, and chemicals are classified into five categories, or schedules. A drug classified as a schedule I drug has no accepted medical use and has a high potential for abuse. (DEA/Drug Scheduling). Along with marijuana, heroin, LSD, ecstasy and peyote are also listed as schedule I drugs. It is also interesting to note, that Ritalin given to children under 18 to treat ADD, & ADHD is classified as a schedule II drug as is...
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...family members and friends surrounding that person. Unless there is a person in the family tree to break the vicious cycle of addiction, the ailment continues to win. According to "National Institute Of Drug Abuse" (n.d.), “too often, addiction goes untreated: According to SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), 23.2 million persons (9.4 percent of the U.S. population) aged 12 or older needed treatment for an illicit drug or alcohol use problem in 2007. Of these individuals, 2.4 million (10.4 percent of those who needed treatment) received treatment at a specialty facility (i.e., hospital, drug or alcohol rehabilitation or mental health center). Thus, 20.8 million persons (8.4 percent of the population aged 12 or older) needed treatment for an illicit drug or alcohol use problem but did not receive it. These estimates are similar to those in previous years.” The reason for my focus on substance abusers is the prevalence of it in my family. Until recently, I had not realized how much an addiction to a substance can take over someone’s life. I am personally lucky that I am able to avoid becoming an addict my realizing the severity of it in my immediate family and not letting it lead my life. Substance ranges from sugar and carbohydrates to alcohol or hard drugs such as heroin, amphetamines and barbiturates. Unfortunately, in this day and age, it...
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...African Americans are in jail then they have the opportunity to contribute to the future of America and have the potential to be our next big politicians, doctors, and lawyers. Marijuana use in children classifies as child abuse in many individuals opinions, but for some families it is a miracle drug. Unfortunately, many children face debilitating illness. Children are often placed on narcotics or other drugs that many adults cannot take due to their volatile side effects. These pharmaceutical drugs often leave children on bed rest with no potential for a future, however medicinal marijuana is now an alternative that has been a miracle plant for many children. Many of the children who are successfully using cannabis today are doing so for uncontrollable epilepsy and seizures. Doctor Gedde of a 10-year-old medical marijuana patient stated,...
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