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Summary: A Breakdown Of Neural Activity

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Words 669
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Rebecca Furer
January, 30th 2016
Neuroanatomy 555
Professor Bottenberg
Assignment #2

A Breakdown of Neural Activity

I would like to start this assignment by posing a question. Do you know how many neurons are in the brain alone? Well, according to the National Institute of Health, there are approximately 100 billion neurons in the brain. Every action, thought, and feeling a living being has begins with the neurons. In this assignment, we will discuss the breakdown of the neuron activity, the neurons action potential, and the function of the synapse.
Let’s begin with the Central Nervous System (CNS). The CNS has two types of cells – neurons and glias. Neurons and glias have a complimentary relationship. The neurons process the information, …show more content…
Even though neurons can come in different shapes and different sizes, all neurons have a the came four components: The neuron, the cell body, axon terminal and the dendrites. Motor neurons are the neurons that help in transferring, or transporting, motor information, while the sensory neurons are used in the transferring of sensory information, as aptly described in their names. In order for neurons to be able to communicate, they need electrical signals for intraneuronal communication and chemical compounds for interneuronal communication. Double layers of lipoproteins performs an electrical charge to be maintained across the internal and external surfaces of nerve cell membranes. Dendrite’s activity is to bring the information towards the cell body while the axons work inversely by transporting the information out of the cell …show more content…
The communication is known as neurotransmission or synaptic transmission. As quoted from Stufflebeam’s 2008 article on neural activity, “The function of an interneuron is to receive input information, to process the information, and then to send the information as output.” (Stuffelbeam, 2008) If it is not connected to other neurons in a network then it would not be able to perform its function (Stufflebeam, 2008). There are two different kinds of a synapse- electrical synapses and chemical synapses (Gilman & Newman, 2003). The synaptic cleft would be considered a “short” in an electrical circuit, and the neurotransmitter works to overcome this “short” by acting like a chemical messenger and connecting the action and synaptic potential of two neurons (Stufflebeam,

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