...there exist extensively well researched ideas and understanding of the intricacies of children’s behaviors, social understanding, and perception of the world and the events that they face in their daily lives. The research and depth of understanding of these ideas allows the scholar and the care provider to develop a system of acceptable and appropriate measures to ensure the ongoing well being of a child and bring about positive growth through adolescence into adulthood. Many children found under the watchful eye of foster care systems are of particular interest to study as they require directed attention and a focused approach to bring about positive reflection of care and education. This is often due to circumstances and factors well beyond the fault of the child but which may tend to cause certain behaviors and ideas worthy of consideration of behavioral and child development researchers. In researching such instances it is vital that researchers consider all avenues by which pertinent information may be obtained. The foster care provider offers a wealth of insight into the child’s behavior and attitude and may serve as an excellent resource for study. It was with this idea that Nikki Luke and Robin Banerjee set out to collect qualitative data regarding the social understanding and empathy of maltreated children residing under the care of foster parents. The article Maltreated Children’s Social Understanding and Empathy: A Preliminary Exploration of Foster Carers’ Perspectives...
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...The direct effects of daycare experience on prosocial and aggressive behaviors were first assessed. Then, the second question of whether temperament has a moderating effect was addressed using structural equation modeling as a technique for testing the significance of various paths in the model. SES and sex of the child also were included as predictors. to determine whether having experienced long-term versus short-term versus no daycare influenced children's aggressive or prosocial behaviors. In order to determine whether temperament played a moderating role between daycare experience and resulting prosocial or aggressive behaviors, path modeling was employed to directly test several factors, SES and sex of the child were the independent predictors. The daycare experience, temperament, and the interaction between the two were allowed to predict aggressive (parent ratings as well as lab ratings) or prosocial behaviors. In addition, the aggressive or prosocial behavior rating of the peer who was in the room with the target child was allowed to correlate with the proband's aggressive or prosocial behavior in order to determine whether reciprocal interactions between the proband and the peer were important in explaining the proband's...
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...The Effects of Western Cartoons on Children’s Behavior TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No * Title Page……………………………………………………………………I * Table of Contents…………………………………………………………..II * Acknowledgement………………………………………………………….III * Abstract ……………………………………………………………………. IV * CHAPTER I -Introduction…………………………………………………1 I.I Statement of Problem ……………………………………………………3 I.II Purpose of the study…………………………………………………… 4 I.III Need for the research……………………………………………………5 I.IV Design……………………………………………………………………..5 * CHAPTERII-II .Literature Review….................................................6 * CHAPTER III-Methodology……………………………………………… 9 III.I.Population and sampling……………………………………………… 9 III.II.Analysis plan……………………………………………………………9 III.III. Statistical Analysis……………………………………………………10 * CHAPTER IV-Results……………………………………………………….11 IV .I. Analysis of Results and discussion………………………………… 11 * CHAPTER V-Conclusions and recommendations…………………… 15 * References………………………………………………………………………16 * Appendix-I Questionnaire …………………………………………………… 17 Acknowledgment This research paper would not have been possible without the support and help of many people. First, I would like to thank Dr. Tharwat M. EL-Sakran who gave me permission and helped me in the research. I would like to express my appreciation to Writing Center members who looked closely at the research and offering suggestion for improvement. I express my...
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...CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND As presented, this chapter discusses the problem and its background. This will help the reader to have an overview of the study specifically on the introduction, statement of the problem, significance of the study, and scope and delimitation. I. INTRODUCTION Teenage pregnancy is formally defined as a pregnancy in a young woman who has not reached her 20th birthday when the pregnancy ends, regardless of whether the woman is married or is legally an adult (age 14 to 21, depending on the country). In everyday speech, the speaker is usually referring to unmarried minors who become pregnant unintentionally. The average age of menarche (first menstrual period) is 12 years old, though this figure varies by ethnicity, and ovulation occurs only irregularly before this. Whether fertility leads to early pregnancy depends on a number of factors, both societal and personal. Worldwide, rates of teenage pregnancy range from 143 per 1000 in some sub-Saharan African countries to 2.9 per 1000 in South Korea. Pregnant teenagers face many of the same obstetrics issues as women in their 20s and 30s. However, there are additional medical concerns for younger mothers, particularly those under fifteen and those living in developing countries. For mothers between 15 and 19, age in itself is not a risk factor, but additional risks may be associated with socioeconomic factors. In developed countries, teenage pregnancies are associated with many social...
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...Developmental psychologists have long been interested in how parents impact child development. However, finding actual cause-and-effect links between specific actions of parents and later behavior of children is very difficult. Some children raised in dramatically different environments can later grow up to have remarkably similar personalities. Conversely, children who share a home and are raised in the same environment can grow up to have astonishingly different personalities than one another. Despite these challenges, researchers have uncovered convincing links between parenting styles and the effects these styles have on children. During the early 1960s, psychologist Diana Baumrind conducted a study on more than 100 preschool-age children (Baumrind, 1967). Using naturalistic observation, parental interviews and other research methods, she identified four important dimensions of parenting: * Disciplinary strategies * Warmth and nurturance * Communication styles * Expectations of maturity and control Based on these dimensions, Baumrind suggested that the majority of parents display one of three different parenting styles. Further research by also suggested the addition of a fourth parenting style (Maccoby & Martin, 1983). The Four Parenting Styles 1. Authoritarian Parenting In this style of parenting, children are expected to follow the strict rules established by the parents. Failure to follow such rules usually results in punishment. Authoritarian...
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...The “Nuts and Dolts” of Teacher Images in Children’s Picture Storybooks: A Content Analysis, by Sarah Jo Sandefur and Leeann Moore, is an ethnographic content analysis that carefully examines how teachers are portrayed in children storybooks within the United States. One of the main purposes of the study was evidently to probe the impact of stereotypes and clichés of teacher representations, in children storybooks, on the actual institution of teaching. According to the study, children storybooks are plagued with contradictory depictions of teachers and schools. The authors highlighted the fact that teachers are portrayed in these storybooks as insensitive, foolish or inefficient. This portrayal of teachers is a phenomenon that has been examined by several other researchers and has yielded similar results over the years. As such, Sandefur and Leeann conducted their research based on the hypothesis that; a propensity of images painting teachers in an unflattering light may in fact have broader consequences on cultural perceptions of teachers and educational institutions. Accordingly, the representations of teachers in these storybooks are absorbed in to the collective consciousness of society and shape expectations and behaviors of both teachers and students. The second objective of the study is to make teachers aware of the varying portrayal of teachers being represented. This is evident by the authors’ statement that teachers cannot effectuate positive change in their profession...
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...TIPS TO SUCCEED IN THE EPT: WRITING AINUL AZMIN BT HJ MD ZAMIN INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA 23 JUNE 2010 PRESENTATION OUTLINE Introduction Types of Tasks in EPT Strategies for Task 1 * Describing / Comparing * Sample question & answer Strategies for Task 2 * Format * Sample question & answer Common errors 2 WRITING TASK IN EPT 1 DATA ANALYSIS TASKS 2 ESSAY WRITING ANALYSIS DESCRIBE COMPARE / CONTRAST 150 WORDS 30 MINUTES VARIOUS MODES PARAGRAPHS 250 WORDS 60 MINUTES TASK 1 : REPORT WRITING PIE CHARTS BAR GRAPHS TYPES OF GRAPHS PIE CHART SALMA’S EXPENDITURE FOR SEMESTER 1 10% 15% 35% 40% ENTERTAINMENT FOOD & RENT STUDY MATERIALS TRANSPORTATION BAR GRAPH MOBILE PHONE OWNER GROWTH M I L L I O N S 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 OWNERS IN 1998 OWNERS IN 2008 LINE GRAPH NUMBER OF TOURISTS VISITING MALAYSIA 6 THOUSANDS 5 4 3 HISTORICAL SITES HIGHLANDS BEACHES 2 1 0 1990 1995 2000 YEAR 2010 STRATEGIES FOR TASK 1 5 20 5 • ANALYZE GRAPH • PREPARE OUTLINE • WRITE REPORT • 3 PARAGRAPHS • EDIT INTRODUCTION WHAT IS THE GRAPH ABOUT? Type of graph Title X-Axis Y-Axis Key / legend BAR GRAPH NUMBER OF TOURISTS VISITING MALAYSIA 6 THOUSANDS 5 4 3 HISTORICAL SITES HIGHLANDS BEACHES 2 1 0 1990 1995 2000 YEAR 2005 INTRODUCTION (EXAMPLE) The bar...
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...Parental Bereavement and Strategies to Support School-Aged Children Claudia Maria Uriarte Colorado State University A fact of life is that at some point children will experience the death of others. Enduring an early loss have a potential impact in the mental and physical health of a child. (Corr & Nabe, 2003). Parental death can be described as one of the most traumatic events in a child’s life which can lead to negative outcomes (Haine, Ayers, Sandler, & Wolchik, 2007). Children’s attitudes toward death relate to the nature of their encounters with death and to parents and the community who will shape his or her interpretation and response to the given experience (Corr & Nabe, 2003). Resilience in young is associated with a set of attributes...
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...any group before them. They have been plugged into technology since they were babies, are a safe generation, are the first generation for which Hispanics/Latinos will be the largest minority group instead of African Americans and have the most educated mothers of any generation before them. They are the most scheduled generation ever, are true multi-taskers, expect to have 6-8 careers in their lifetime and are attracted to diverse environments. Taken from http://www.cpcc.edu/millennial Disagreement about this issue: Thesis: although some people may disagree, consumerism has affected the millenium generation negatively by damaging their physical health,damaging their psychology and damaging their relationships. BODY 1. Argument supportıng your opinion: consumerısm affects youth negatıvely ın terms of psychologıcal dısorders such as becomıng anorexıa nervosa and bulımıa nervosa Example/Support: Deutsch, Nancy L. And Theodorou,Eleni.Aspiring,Consuming,Becoming:Youth Identity in a culture of consumption.Youth Society, 11 Nov. 2009 By page 231 “ The...
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...element for learning and teaching, including learning outcomes, learning areas, teaching strategies, evaluation and assessment to help with children’s learning progression (MacLachlan, Fleer& Edwards, 2010). Curriculum refers to “all the experiences, activities and events, whether direct or indirect, which occur within an environment designed to foster children’s learning and development” (Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations [DEEWR], 1996). Early childhood educators regard ‘the curriculum’ as a guidance of learning instructions and assessment (Baxter, 2012). A good curriculum can offer the expert guidance, evidence of effectiveness and flexibility. It enables early childhood educators to draw upon a comprehensive view of early years education linked to their own observations and experiences; therefore educators set up and modify learning programs accordingly and timely (Early Childhood Australia, 2013). Assessment can be described as the process of finding out what children know, understand and can do by observing their learning, gathering information and analyzing data (DEEWR, 2009). Mclachlan, Fleer and Edwards (2010) note assessment is all the ways that families and teachers observe children’s behaviors and try to interpret them. Accordingly, educators use assessment to build up a holistic view of children’s learning and development (Department of Education and Early...
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...responsible for children's obesity because influence over food choices, parents knowledge of nutrition, children’s dietary practices, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and ultimately their weight status in many ways. Obesity is a disease in which a person is at increased risk of unfavorable health outcomes as a result of excess body fat. Parents are the key to developing a home environment that provides healthful eating and physical activity among children and adolescents. Parents shape their children’s dietary practices, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and ultimately their weight status in many ways. “Parents’ knowledge of nutrition; their influence over food selection, meal structure, and home eating patterns; their modeling of healthful eating practices; their levels of physical activity; and their modeling of sedentary habits including television viewing are all influential in their children’s development of lifelong habits that contribute to normal weight or to overweight and obesity” (Koplan, 2004). “Leonard Epstein offers three reasons for involving parents in obesity-prevention interventions” (Epstein, 1998). “First, obesity runs in families, and it may be unrealistic to intervene with one member of a family while other family members are modeling and supporting behaviors that run counter to the intervention’s goals” (Epstein, 1998). “Second, parents serve as models and reinforce and support the acquisition and maintenance of eating and exercise behaviors”...
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...Introduction Positive parent-child relationships provide the foundation for children’s learning. With parents’ sensitive, responsive, and predictable care, young children develop the skills they need to succeed in life. Early parent-child relationships have powerful effects on children’s emotional well-being (Dawson & Ashman, 2000), their basic coping and problem-solving abilities, and future capacity for relationships (Lerner & Castellino, 2002). Through these interactions, children learn skills they need to engage with others and to succeed in different environments (Rogoff, 2003). They learn how to manage their emotions and behaviors and establish healthy relationships with adults and peers. They also learn how to adjust to new situations and to resolve conflicts .When parents have warm, trusting, and reliable relationships with peers, family, community members, and service providers, they are more likely to have positive relationships with their children. To work toward the Parent, Family, Community and Environment: Positive Parent-Child Relationships Outcome, providers and programs can: provide emotional and concrete support to parents,1.respect diverse parenting styles, 2.value cultural differences and home languages, 3.reinforce the importance of fathers and other co-parents, 4.help parents connect with other parents and community members and resources, and model warm, responsive relationships by engaging in these relationships with parents and other family members ...
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...This can lead to girls losing weight to reach the 'perfect' image that their idols have. This is supported by Becker (2002) who studied teenage girls from Fiji and found that after the introduction of T.V. in 1995, the girls stated that they wanted to have the figures of the actresses and lose weight. Not only does it show media effects, but it shows it is applicable to other cultures who are usually less exposed to media. However it has been found that giving people awareness and instructional intervention before they are exposed to media, will prevent the effects of media such as anorexia (Yamamiya et al 2005).This means that media is a cause of anorexia, but it can be prevented. Since the realisation that media effects peoples eating behavior in a negative fashion, changes have been made. The fashion industry in France has started promoting a...
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...self-care skills, compared to not, demonstrate less compassion fatigue? Definitions for terms marked with * may be found in the Supporting Information section. Target Population for the Recommendation: Nurses working in pediatric intensive care settings who provide direct patient care Recommendation: It is recommended that nurses working in pediatric intensive care settings receive training that includes compassion fatigue awareness, coping strategies, stress management, relaxation techniques and self-care interventions to decrease the level of compassion fatigue experienced in the work environment (Marine, Ruotsalainen, Serra, & Verbeek (2009) [1a]; Gunusen, & Ustun (2010) [2a]; Kravits, McAllister-Black, Grant, & Kirk (2010) [4a]; Meadors & Lamson (2008) [4a]). Discussion/Synthesis of Evidence related to the recommendation: The evidence referred to a variety of concepts related to the manifestation of compassion fatigue, including burnout, emotional exhaustion, and workplace stress. The concepts were all similar in referring to nurses’ limitations in providing a high standard of patient care due to the events, experiences and challenges associated with their job responsibilities. Meadors & Lamson (2008) [4a] discussed evidence specifically focused on compassion fatigue. The researchers reported significantly more negative behaviors and feelings (p = 0.001-0.003) demonstrated by the...
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...University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Open Access Theses and Dissertations from the College of Education and Human Sciences 11-16-2012 Education and Human Sciences, College of (CEHS) Family Environment and School Environment as Predictors for Physical Aggression in Low-Income Children Xiaoyu Li University of Nebraska-Lincoln, whulucy@gmail.com Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cehsdiss Part of the Pre-Elementary, Early Childhood, Kindergarten Teacher Education Commons Li, Xiaoyu, "Family Environment and School Environment as Predictors for Physical Aggression in Low-Income Children" (2012). Open Access Theses and Dissertations from the College of Education and Human Sciences. Paper 164. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cehsdiss/164 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Education and Human Sciences, College of (CEHS) at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Theses and Dissertations from the College of Education and Human Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. FAMILY ENVIRONMENT AND SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT AS PREDICTORS FOR PHYSICAL AGGRESSION IN LOW-INCOME CHILDREN by Xiaoyu Li A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science Major:...
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