...center affected digit to IR Center PIP to the IR Central Ray Perpendicular to PIP of affected digit Collimate to the affected digit Collimation 1” on all sides of digit, including 1” proximal to MCP joint  Evaluation Criteria No rotation Entire digit from fingertip to distal metacarpal Lateral Finger Lateromedial (2-3) or Mediolateral (4-5)  Position of Part Rest hand on lateral (radial) surface for 2nd or 3rd digits, or on the medial (ulnar) surface for 4th or 5th digits Extend affected digit Close remaining digits into a fist; hold in flexion with thumb 2nd and 5th digits directly in contact with IR 3rd and 4th placed parallel with IR Adjust to a true lateral position Central Ray Perpendicular to PIP joint of affected digit Collimation 1” on all sides of the digit, including 1” proximal to the MCP joint  Evaluation Criteria Entire digit in lateral position No rotation PA Oblique - 2nd through 5th  Position of Part Hand pronated with palmar surface resting on IR Center IR to level of PIP joint Rotate hand externally until digits are separated on a 45* angle (or placed on a 45* wedge) Central Ray Perpendicular to PIP joint of affected digit Collimation 1” on all sides of digit including 1” proximal to MCP joint  Evaluation Criteria Entire digit rotated 45* Includes distal portion of metacarpal AP Thumb Projection 1st Digit Robert View  Position of Part Hand in extreme medial rotation ...
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...“It sifts from Leaden Sieves” It sifts from leaden sieves, It powders all the wood. It fills with alabaster wool The wrinkles of the road It makes an even face Of mountain and of a plain- Unbroken forehead from the east Unto the east again It reaches to the fence, It wraps it rail by rail Till it lost in fleeces; It deals celestial veil To stump and stack and stem- A summer’s empty room Acres of joints where harvest were, Recordless, but for them It ruffles wrists of posts As ankles of a queen Then stills its artisans like ghosts, Denying they have been. Paraphrase The snow falls from the sky through the clouds like flour. It powders all the trees. It fills every cracks of the road with the white. It makes the mountain and the plain becomes flat land in white. As far as we can see is white from east unto the east again. The snow reaches the fence, and wraps it by rail until cannot be seen but white snow. The snow deals the sky layer. Coming noisy and full fill the farm acres of joints where harvest were, recordless but for them. The snows annoy the pole of posts as well turned of queen. Then stills its artisans and disappear in silence, denying they have been make an annoyance. ☺ The Imageries of “It Sifts from Leaden Sieves” There are some imageries used in this poem, but, personification is the major imagery used by the writer. It can be found in these sentences: 1. It sifts from leaden sieves, 2. It powders all the wood. 3. It...
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...the bones below according to shape and size (flat, long, short, irregular, or sesamoid) (0.5 point each). |Bones |Type of Bone | |Carpal Bones |short | |Cervical Vertebrae |Irregular | |Femur |long | |Ilium |Flat | 2. (2 Points) For each diarthrodial joint listed below, list the joint classification (ball-and-socket, hinge, pivot, condyloid, gliding, or saddle) (0.5 point each). |Joints |Type of Joint | |Glenohumeral |Ball and socket | | Interphalangeal |Hinge | |Patellofemoral |Hinge | |Talocrural |Hinge | 3. (1 Points) Identify the primary agonists and antagonists during a leg curl. |Agonists: |Hamstrings | ...
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...furniture only made of wood, without a nail? Several years ago, a friend of mine, studying architecture, introduced the amazing craft called mortise-and-tenon joint to me and told me that it had been used for thousands of years by woodworkers around the world. In traditional Chinese architecture, wood components, such as beams, roof frames and brackets, were made to interlock with perfect fit, without using fasteners or glues, enabling the wood to expand and contract according to humidity. Although he spoke like an encyclopedia about it, I could not get a clear picture of what it was like. Few days ago, I came across an app called “wood joints”, which a friend of mine shared on Wechat. After downloading it, I was amazed to find that this app provides a high quality 3D model (the mortise-and-tenon joint in books are two dimensional drawings) to view the 27 classical mortise-and-tenon joint structures broken down into their composite parts. The first thought that occurred to me was that creativity comes from our “big questions” which lead us toward our purpose. The big question of the designer of the app started with the influence of his father who used to make the furniture by himself. He started to ask himself, “How can I use computer technology to gain a clear perspective of the classical mortise-and-tenon joint structures?” After 6 months of preparation and hard work, his team accomplished the dream. Actually, the app is a good example of the long tail effect. According...
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...proliferation, because the treatment, which uses injections of ozone, causes the proliferation (growth, formation) of new cartilage and connective tissue in areas where it has become weak or damaged. The response to treatment varies from person to person but most people only need from 5-10 treatments. Prolozone is a homeopathic/oxygen-ozone injection technique developed and pioneered by Dr. Frank Shallenberger MD, HMD in the 1990′s. It is excellent for all forms of musculo-skeletal and joint pain including chronic neck and back pain, rotator cuff injuries, degenerative and arthritic hips and knees, degenerated discs and shoulder and elbow pain. Because in many cases prolozone actually corrects the pathology of the disorder, there is a 75% chance for the chronic pain sufferer to becoming permanently pain free. 2. History: Historical review shows that a version of this technique was first used by Hippocrates on soldiers with dislocated, torn shoulder joints. He would stick a hot poker into the front of the joint and it would then miraculously heal normally. Of course, hot pokers are not in use today but the principle is essentially the same – stimulate the body to repair itself through the use of controlled irritation. The injection of “proliferating” agents first began in...
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...Septoplasty is the term used for a surgical procedure designed to correct a displacement of the cartilage and bone dividing the nostrils. This condition is frequently referred to as a deviated septum. During a Septoplasty procedure, the nasal septum is straightened and then repositioned in the center of the nose. To straighten and reposition the nasal septum, Dr. Kevin Sadati may need to cut and remove parts within the nasal septum prior to repositioning, and inserting them in the proper position. Several factors are taken into consideration when planning a Septoplasty procedure. These factors include the features and physical structure of the nose as well as whether or not the patient is experiencing breathing difficulties. While it is common to have some deviation of the septum, when the condition is severe, breathing difficulties can result. These breathing difficulties may be caused by a blockage in one side or both sides of the nose, which is reducing the airflow and causing the breathing problems. In addition, some people who have a deviated septum experience a drying effect, bleeding and/or crusting within the nose. Dr. Sadati performs Septoplasty procedures to straighten the nasal septum through trimming, repositioning and replacing the cartilage, the bone or both. Patients who have this procedure will receive some form of anesthesia: It is the complexity of the surgical procedure that determines whether a patient receives local anesthesia, local anesthesia with sedation...
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...Joint Pain Joints form the connections between bones. They provide support and help you move. Any damage to the joints from disease or injury can interfere with your movement and cause a lot of pain. Joint pain is a matter of serious concern, primarily because joints play a huge role in the overall functioning of the human body. Joint pain is the result of an injury, infectious disease, or medical condition or is the result of structural damage within the joints. There are many different types of painful joints, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, bursitis, gout, strains, sprains, etc. Joint pain is extremely common. Knee pain is the most common, followed by shoulder and hip pain, but joint pain can affect any part of your body,...
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...young adult female with lateral hip pain. Differential diagnosis of lateral hip pain can be challenging. Some of the diagnosis for lateral hip pain are; Acetabular labral tear, Stress fracture, dislocation, fracture, avascular necrosis, muscle strain/tear, ligament sprain, low back pain, sacroiliac joint dysfunction, femoral acetabular impingement, bursitis, rheumatoid arthritis, Childhood disorders (Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease), tumor, and osteoarthritis (Table 1). The authors were suspicious of the patient’s chief complaints due to vague symptom description and aggravating factors. The subject consistently reported feeling a “twinge” and a deep ache in her right lateral hip that she randomly experienced throughout the day along with running and weight bearing activities, such as lunges and squats. This led the authors to suspect intra-articular hip pathology. Intra-articular hip pathology is often reported as lateral hip pain that can be worse with running and sitting. The results of research have demonstrated that the lack of groin pain helps rule out the potential for acetabular labral tear and FAI with a sensitivity ranging from 96-100%. Further, individuals with hip joint stress fractures typically report a gradual onset of...
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...Knee Sprain, Pediatric A knee sprain is a stretch or tear in a knee ligament. Knee ligaments are bands of tissue that connect bones in the knee together. CAUSES This condition is often results from: A fall. A sports-related injury to the knee. SYMPTOMS Symptoms of this condition include: Trouble bending the leg. Swelling in the knee. Bruising around the knee. Tenderness or pain in the knee. DIAGNOSIS This condition may be diagnosed based on: A physical exam. What happened just before your child started to haves symptoms. Tests, such as: An X-ray. This may be done to make sure no bones are broken. An MRI. This may be done if your child's health care provider suspects that the ligament...
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... Cervical Subluxation Cervical subluxation is a separation of the neck bones (cervical vertebrae) that occurs because of injury to the ligaments that hold the vertebrae together. The cervical vertebrae are made up of seven bones. These vertebrae support your head and also protect the spinal cord as it passes through the neck. CAUSES This condition may be caused by injury or trauma with sudden impact. It commonly occurs when the neck is extended too far. This can happen from: • A car accident. This is the most common cause of this condition. • A sports injury. • A fall. • A violent physical attack. SYMPTOMS Symptoms can vary depending on the angle of separation to the cervical vertebrae. Symptoms include: • Neck pain or tenderness with touch. • Neck pain with movement. • Headaches. • Stiff neck. • Difficulty moving the neck. • Muscle spasms in the neck. • Dizziness. With a spinal cord or nerve root injury in the neck, symptoms may also include: • Arm or leg weakness and numbness. • A weak hand grasp. This may cause you to drop objects. • Poor handwriting. • Falling or having difficulty with balance. • Loss of bowel or bladder control (incontinence). DIAGNOSIS This condition is diagnosed with a physical exam, medical history, and imaging tests. Tests may include: • X-rays. • CT scan. • MRI. TREATMENT Treatment for this condition depends on the severity of the condition. Treatment may involve: • Wearing a neck brace or collar to support...
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...Michael praises Dr. Tehrany after the successful treatment of his shoulder degenerative arthritis Shoulder degenerative arthritis is a condition commonly developed in older people or those who have suffered an injury or trauma to the shoulder. The shoulder arthritis occurs in the acromioclavicular joint, the point where the clavicle and the acromion connect. When the joint is affected by arthritis, it loses its mobility, and it affects the person’s ability to perform the usual everyday activities. Unfortunately, the osteoarthritis often causes additional shoulder conditions such as bone spurs, shoulder instability, or labrum tears. The constant pain in the shoulder is the key symptom for the osteoarthritis. Even though the pain usually occurs while moving the arm and the shoulder, it can also occur during sleeping and resting, leading to sleepless and uncomfortably painful nights....
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...The human body has numerous joints and tendons that work together to provide various forms of movement. The elbow falls into this category; the joint connects the upper arm to the forearm. When the area around the joint becomes sore and swollen, tennis elbow may be the cause. Tennis elbow or lateral epicondylitis is a painful condition affecting the tendons around the joint due to repetitive use. Treatment for tennis elbow varies with each individual. Causes The primary cause of tennis elbow is due to repetitive use. Developing over time, the condition can create stress on the muscles in the arm which will put too much pressure on the tendons. Ripping the area tissue in the form of tiny microscopic tears, the condition causes pain with smallest...
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...most common of all joint diseases and it affects more than 80% of people who reach the age of 70 years and above. Though the suffix of the disease indicate otherwise, osteoarthritis is not characterized by a situation of excessive joint inflammation a s is the case with rheumatoid arthritis. This disease is asymptomatic, especially in the early years of its development. As the disease progresses, the pain, stiffness and also a limitation of movement may develop and grow to something that will become serious with time. The common sites where discomfort is experienced around the vertebrae area, the hips and the knees, or is simple terms, joints that bear much of the weight of the body. The cause of this disorder is not completely clear, but biomechanical forces that usually place stress on joints are thought to interact with biochemical and genetic factors that contribute to osteoarthritis. In the early stages of the disorder, there is roughening and softening of the cartilage, and eventually, they wear away. The bone is deprived of its protective cover and it regenerates the destroyed tissue. The action results to an even remodeling of the surface of the surface of the joint. Thick bony outgrowths that are known as spurs develop sometimes. Articulation of the joint becomes difficult...
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...Diseases and Disorders Leukemia The cause of most human leukemia is unknown. It is a kind of cancer in which abnormal white blood cells multiply in an uncontrolled manner. they interfere with the production of normal white blood cells. Leukemia affects the production of red blood cells. Bursitis Bursitis is a disorder that causes pain in the body's joints. It most commonly affects the shoulder and hip joints. It is caused by an inflammation of the bursa, small fluid-filled bags that act as lubricating surfaces for muscles to move over bones. This inflammation usually results from overactivity of an arm or leg. Osteoporosis Osteoporosis is a disease resulting in the loss of bone tissue. In osteoporosis, the cancellous bone loses calcium, becomes thinner, and may disappear altogether. Sprains A sprain is an injury to a ligament or to the tissue that covers a joint. Most sprains result from a sudden wrench that stretches or tears the tissues of the ligaments. A sprain is usually extremely painful. The injured part often swells and turns black and blue. Fractures A fracture is a broken bone. These are some common kinds of fractures: - closed, open, multiple, comminuted, greenstick and spiral Spina bifida Spina bifida is a spinal defect that is present at birth. In spina bifida, the spinal cord does not form properly and the vertebrae and skin cannot form around it. Spina bifida...
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...Does serve pain in your knees stop your life? Does it pain you to walk or stand for an extended period of time? Do you wish you could have an active life & enjoy physical activities again? If you suffer from any of these problems Smith & Nephew’s Legion Verilast Knee System might be able to give you back your life. The Legion Verilast Knee System is Smith & Nephew’s flagship reconstructive knee system. The Legion Verilast Knee System is lab tested to last 30 years. This knee system has brought relieve to many suffering from serve arthritis. Arthritis occurs when the cartilage in the joints and causes bone on bone in the knee joint. This can cause serve pain and aching in the joints. The Legion Verilast Knee System can end the pain and offer you a fresh start on life. Still not convinced Legion Verilast Knee System can bring you back an active lifestyle. Then go to our website www.smithnephew.com/us/patients and read testimony from tennis legend Billie Jean King who has had a double knee replacement. If we can get this aging athlete back running on the tennis court, we are sure we can revitalize you life too. We are convinced that our product will be a valuable investment to regaining your lifestyle again. Now are you ready to make the next step in changing your lifestyle. Just do not sit there in pain, call your physician and find out if you would be a candidate for a Legion Verilast Knee System to relieve your pain. Take action now, get back to living the...
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