...a suitable target (FELSON, 2003 & YAR, 2005). The analysis of the AWB scandal will consider the three elements together with cultural variability. The routine activity theory is conventionally used in the explanation of the predatory, violent crime where it indicates that normally there is one motivated offender, which varies from a single suitable target. However, when applied to bribery, this theory must be adapted since in the act of bribery, all the parties involved in facilitating the occurrence of such an illicit act must be held responsible (D’ANDRADE, 1985). This implies that the individuals who pay, accept, offer, and seek bribes are considered offenders and the ones that comply by accepting bribes are viewed as the suitable targets. Due to the complex of the cases dealing with international bribery and the large number of individuals that were involved in the AWB scandal, this study identified numerous suitable targets and motivated offenders with some of them being classified as both motivated offender and a suitable...
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...the organisation which is the joint solution for the closely supervise and the vetting before the approval. It can be seen from the case that on March 2, 2010, the ASIC has literally issued an order for the organisation to handover the files of the clients under the investigation process. The difficulty that was faced by the ASIC is that they were not active in the entire process and hence delayed in getting the evidence for the scandal. The organisation has placed suitable and effective whistleblowers for the action to take place within the organisation during the scandal. From the Senate Inquiry,...
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...RECENT ACCOUNTING SCANDAL: “The HealthSouth Scandal of 2003” SERRAON, ABIGAIL E. Accountancy 4Y2-1 ENGR. ANTHONIO CHAN March, 2016 INTRODUCTION Embezzlement, misappropriation, cheating or stealing is a form of fraudulent act done with an organization. There are television and newspaper stories nearly every day about all kinds of corporate schemes and scams. Behind every fraud is a person or a group of people who has taken what is not theirs to take. Some of those people intended to steal they just never thought they would get caught. Others were pulled into the original crime or some aspect of the cover-up and before they knew it they were labeled a co-conspirator. This study will examine the people behind the much publicized fraud scheme at HealthSouth. Some did not set out to commit white-collar crime but found themselves as defendants in criminal trials for fraud. In the HealthSouth case in observation, real life examples of people who were "just doing their job" but at some point crossed the line from law-abiding citizens to law-breaking villains. Seemingly small compromises in ethics and morality led to a full-scale commitment to fraud. Finally, we will conclude that nobody sets out in their career to end up in prison cleaning toilets and on the front page of the Wall Street Journal after they are arrested for fraud. At some point, though, many end up that way. A. Background of the Study The study all about the recent accounting scandal that were reported...
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...Relationship between Japanese Corporate Governance and Toshiba’s Accounting Scandal Ryan Shane West Chester University MGT 313-08 Dr. Fisher March 15th, 2016 Table of Contents Introduction……………………………………………………………………………...……………………………………………………………3 CSR Analysis…………………………………..…………………….…………………………………………………………………………………4 Stakeholder Analysis………………..………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………5 Consumer Analysis…………………….…………………………………………………………………………......................5 Shareholder Analysis……………...…………………………………………………………………………………………………6 Employee Analysis…………………….……………………………………………………………………………………………...7 Executive Management Analysis……………..………………………………………………………………………………..7 Role of Government, Business & Society...…………….………………………………………………………………………………8 Role of Government……………….….……………………………………………………………………………………………..9 Role of Business………………….………………………………………………………………………………………..…………..9 Role of Society…………………….……...………………………………………………………………………………………….10 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….11 References……………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………………………13 Toshiba Inc. is a Japanese multinational conglomerate that is considered one of the world’s leaders in information technology (Toshiba). In July of 2015, CEO Hisao Tanaka stepped down in light of the findings that Toshiba had been overstating its earnings for the past seven years by over $1.2 billion USD (Investopedia 2015). This scandal began in 2008 after the financial crisis and continued on until 2015...
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...Touro University International ETH 501 BUSINESS ETHICS MOD 1 CASE STUDY Dr. Cathy Anderson Introduction The case against Martha Stewart surrounded her sale of 3,928 shares in ImClone Systems Inc., and whether she lied to investigators and her company's investors about it. On Dec. 27, 2001, Stewart cashed out her ImClone stake at an average price of $58.43, collecting about $229,500. After the market closed the following day, the Food and Drug Administration announced its refusal to review ImClone's application for Erbitux, a promising cancer drug. The next trading day, Dec. 31, ImClone's shares opened at $45.39 per share. That difference in price would have cost Stewart about $51,200 if she sold first thing that morning. Had she acted responsibly? The obvious answer is no. But I defy anyone to ignore the possibility that they could lose a large some of money in a short time. Her actions after getting the news that she could lose thousands of dollars were a matter of self preservation. For those that states it’s all about the money; I ask, why then does a billionaire continue to buy low and sell high. It’s clear they’ve reached a point of saturation a few million dollars ago. For some it’s the thrill of the hunt not the kill that keeps them motivated; they’ve enough severed heads mounted within their mansions. Compared to the recent actions of others CEO’s Kenneth Lay of Enron and L. Dennis Kozlowski of Tyco, Martha Stewart told what amounted to...
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...1.1 Mission Statement of Volkswagen 1.2 Corporate Strategy of Volkswagen 1.3 Organizational Structure of Volkswagen 1.3 History of Volkswagen 第二章 Current State of Affairs of Volkswagen 2.1 Business Situation of Volkswagen 2.1.1 Volkswagen Passenger Cars 2.1.2 Audi 2.1.3 SEAT 2.1.4 SKODA 2.1.5 Porsche 2.1.6 Bentley 2.1.7 Bugatti, Lamborghini 2.1.8 Ducati 2.1.9 Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles 2.1.10 SCANIA 2.1.11 MAN 2.2 Financial Analysis of Volkswagen 第三章 Case Study of Volkswagen Emission Scandal 3.1 Case Situation 3.2 Cause of Incident 3.3 Consequences for Volkswagen 第四章 Business Analysis of Volkswagen 4.1 SWOT Analysis 4.2 结论（黑体小二） 注释（黑体小二） 参考文献（黑体小二） 附录（黑体小二） 谢辞（黑体小二） Abstract Environmental protection is becoming more and more important throughout the world. So the automobile industry tries to develop vehicles with good and positive emission output. In my thesis paper I will write about the Volkswagen emission scandal which happened this year in September. The Volkswagen Group is one of the biggest automobile manufacturer in the world. However Volkswagen manipulated the emission output through so called defeat devices. Through this fraud Volkswagen lost trust and faith of customers, employees, suppliers, investors, buyers and many other groups. I will try to analyze and explain the reasons why Volkswagen came to this situation. Introduction ...
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...investigation on Clinton’s “Pay to Play” scandal. The article explains the details of the investigation as well as stating that an indictment of Hillary Clinton is not likely. Although, it is speculated that if anyone is going to take the fall for this, it’s her male “gatekeepers” even though, the FBI is 99% sure that it was Hillary’s secret email server that was hacked. I have read a number of articles surrounding the Clinton Foundation scandal and how it ties in to White Collar Crime. The concept that seems to stick out most is the concept of Feminist Criminology. This is because, feminist criminology usually focuses on male...
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...Running Head: THE BRAZILIAN MILK FRAUD SCANDAL 1 The Brazilian Milk Fraud Scandal Involving the Italian Food Conglomerate Parmalat. A Brief Case Study on a Transnational Corporation In Your Home Country Gabriel Ferreira International Public Relations – PUR6608 class University of Florida THE BRAZILIAN MILK FRAUD SCANDAL 2 The Brazilian Dairy Market background. Over the last decade, the Brazilian dairy market has been one of the most fast growing dairy markets in the world. In the early 90s, the Brazilian agro-industrial milk sector suffered three very important changes: it starting being an open economic market for international competitors; at the time inflation was decreasing; and so milk prices drop significantly. All of these changes would not have been possible without the implementation of the Real Plan in 1994 (the new Brazilian coin plan until today) that strengthened investments in the country, especially in the milk-producing sector. These investments also lead to an increase in population number and to changes in alimentary habits (Nahmias, 2008). By becoming such a lucrative sector, the milk and dairy product sector in Brazil became the target for food adulteration processes. Its high-value role in feeding specific groups inside the population, such as children’s, women and elders, and regarding the expensive undergoing steps to achieve a final product that could be sold in the market, was some of the key aspects that attracted...
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...Assignment # 4 King Jewels Ethical Leadership in Practice By: Mark A. Cowan ACC 499 Strayer University Senior Capstone-Accounting Dr. Monica Pendergrass Abstract The purpose of this paper is to discuss the Hong Kong company of KingJewels. Their ethical leadership in practice will be discussed at length. The author will attempt to discuss the leadership style and how it contributed to unethical behavior, proper segregation of duties may have prevented the fraud, the company’s compensation program that probably contributed to the fraud, how culture may have influenced the behavior towards revealing the fraud, and recommendations of how Mai Won should proceed. To understand the company KingJewels, let us discuss a little history of the company and its owner, Andy Wong. Mr. Wong started in the jewelry business from the bottom as an apprentice and worked his way to the top as sales and sourcing manager of an international jewelry before starting his own business. “He recognized that his company had the potential to expand and internationalize its business further by focusing on jewelry design and technology, and on overseas markets. KingJewels specialized in sourcing, trading, and manufacturing precious gemstones. It prided itself on its fashionable and affordable jewelry products. While Wong had successfully turned KingJewels into a highly competitive business, he left KingJewels internal management to Clement Tam, operations manager”. (Capstone p...
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...Running head: Ethics in accounting Ethics as an Accountant The main objective of this proposal is to gain insight into the unethical accounting practices of major corporations (with a majority of the focus on Enron, WorldCom, Tyco, and Adelphia) and ultimately exposing the true perpetrators behind these scandals (the CEO's) in an effort to restore credibility in the once revered accounting profession. Many of the people responsible of these crimes are enjoying retirement in lavish homes while receiving ludicrous pension plans and company benefits at the expense of investors. If they are not brought to justice, they will realize they can get away with this sort of behavior, and the prevalence of unethical behavior will continue to rise. Research Question Are the accountants truly responsible for the fraudulent claims companies are making these days, or are they simply pressured by their bosses to fabricate figures that enhance the image of the company's profitability and fill the CEO's greedy pockets? Literature Review In the past 5 years, a plethora of articles and books have been released, dealing with ethical business practices. Balancing the books: The crooked E, is an article by Anita Peltonen, which examines Enron's practice of kiting (Illegally benefiting from altering the amount of money or time represented by checks that are in transit between deposit and payment, or credit card purchases that are between the purchase and the payment. For example...
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...Case Study 1: Enron The story of Enron is one of corporate greed and intense competition. Former Enron executive Jeffrey Skilling appears to be the person that created such competition between employees. He created a system where employees are ranked every six months, the employees ranked in the bottom 20% were forced out of the company. This ranking system led to a belief that high performance meant everything to the company. Ethical behavior was falling by the wayside at Enron and top executives either failed to notice it, or were too blinded by the stacks of money they were collecting to care. Sherron Watkins was a vice president at Enron. At the time she had been employed there eight years. It was at this time she was given the task of finding some assets to sell off. Watkins was quite possibly the first person to become concerned by Enron’s shoddy accounting practices. What she found was that many of Enron’s transactions were unclear at best, and most of them appeared to be backed only by their deflating stock. Concerned about what she saw she took her concerns to Mr. Ken Lay. Lay assured her that her concerns would be looked into by Vinson & Elkins, the company’s law firm. However, it appears that Vinson & Elkins quickly dismissed any concerns brought forward by Watkins. In fact, the law firm may have helped structure some of Enron’s special-purpose partnerships. The law firm never did claim liability, but did pay $30 million to Enron for...
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...Human Resources Management Prof. Rita Campos e Cunha CASE STUDY: TEAM MEMBERS: ANA MARTA GAMAS #2792 JOÃO TIAGO GALHOFO #2773 JOÃO MIGUEL MATOS #2617 1) What is the cause of the problems described in the case? How serious are these problems? The case study bring us Raleigh & Rosse, one of the greatest retailers of luxury goods, including clothing, accessories, shoes, and fragrances in the US. Born in New York in 1903, it soon became a family business heating his fasted development in the 90s by taking advantage of the increased entry of European luxury houses in the US market. In 2002 was retail leader and perceived has a reference in the industry when it came to sales service. Plus, it was even referred as one of the “Top 100 Employers to Work For” by Fortune magazine. R&R’s customer service was the envy of the industry in terms of their quality and personalized service. The...
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...‘’Earnings management, in exchange listed companies, is not fraud but a case of caveat emptor for investors ‘’ UP708386 ‘’Earnings management, in exchange listed companies, is not fraud but a case of caveat emptor for investors ‘’ UP708386 708386 Corporate governance, Financial Crime, Ethics & Controls for Finance Pathways (U234479) 708386 Corporate governance, Financial Crime, Ethics & Controls for Finance Pathways (U234479) ‘’Earnings management, in exchange listed companies, is not fraud but a case of caveat emptor for investors ‘’ This essay is intended to evaluate different views on a case whether the earnings management in exchange listed companies is consider as a fraud or caveat emptor for investors. One of the first mentions of earnings management has been given by Shipper where she described it as ‘’disclosure management, in the sense of purposeful intervention in the external financial reporting process, with the intent of obtaining some private gain.’’ (Shipper, 1989). In other words the managers are adjusting profits or losses on final accounts to mislead the stakeholders and to encourage them from investing. Earnings management become a problem for investors as it generates fake impression about companies success and misguide them into making wrong investment decisions which often leads to a making a loss. Another problem arises with incorrect financial reporting which is insincere for investors and resulting in making a capital market...
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...1 Celebrity Endorsement Over 30 years ago Nike signed a huge endorsement contract with Michael Jordan. A deal that is still going on and turned into a lifetime contract. As of now Jordan is gaining more than 60mio US$ every year out of this collaboration (Totalsportek, 2015). This example proves just how much money is spent on celebrity endorsement every year. This also seems to be valid since celebrity endorsement is very valuable as it has the power to make marketing messages stick out more in today’s cluttered marketing environment (Meenaghan, 2001). Within this context athlete endorsement is amongst the most popular forms of celebrity endorsement (Bush, Martin and Bush, 2004). Celebrity endorsement can be divided into three distinct forms: explicit endorsement, where the endorser clearly recommends a product, implicit endorsement where he just mentions that he uses the product, and lastly he can co-present a product, through showing himself with the product (McCracken, 1989). Overall, celebrity endorsement has the ability to significantly influence the view on the endorsed brand, since in a consumer’s mind a high quality endorser is generally seen as a sign for superior product quality, leading to a better evaluation of the brand (Till, 2001). Additionally, well selected celebrity endorsement generally has a positive financial influence for the brand. Several researchers identified a positive impact of endorsement announcements on the stock market price of the respective...
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...Chapter 5 Corruption and the watchdog role of the news media Sheila Coronel The notion of the press as watchdog is more than 200 years old. Yet the idea of vigilant media monitoring government and exposing its excesses has gained new traction in many parts of the world. Globalization, the fall of authoritarian and socialist regimes, and the deregulation of the media worldwide have fuelled a renewed interest in ––as well as a surge in efforts by various groups to support–– “watchdogging” by the media. Since the late 17th Century, classical liberal theorists had argued that publicity and openness provide the best protection from the excesses of power. The idea of the press as Fourth Estate, as an institution that exists primarily as a check on those in public office, was based on the premise that powerful states had to be prevented from overstepping their bounds. The press working independently of government, even as its freedoms were guaranteed by the state, was supposed to help ensure that this was so. The 1980s and 1990s saw the revival of this centuries‐old notion and its application especially to “transition societies” then emerging from the ruins of socialist and authoritarian regimes. It had resonance among citizens facing pervasive corruption, weak rule of law, and predatory or incompetent governments unable to deliver basic services. Today even in countries ...
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