...Leadership Behaviors in Project Design Offices Esin Kasapoğlu1 Abstract: Leadership may be defined as the ability to collect a group of people around definite objectives and the achievement of said objectives. An architectural design team needs a leader, and in this paper, the owner of the office is the formal leader. Leadership behaviors of employer architects are directly related to the performance of the design team; therefore, effective leadership is key to a successful design process. Data were collected through a questionnaire on leadership behaviors that was distributed to 40 architects from different design offices in Turkey. Leadership behaviors were gathered into two main groups—delegation of authority and managerial orientation. The significant positive correlations are between authoritarian and task-oriented leadership, and between participative, achievement-oriented and employeeoriented leadership. The position of leader-architects and the age and size of offices are directly related to leadership behaviors. The results show that although leaders of project design teams indicated that participation was important, they actually preferred task-oriented leadership. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000308. © 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers. CE Database subject headings: Leadership; Architects; Design; Project management; Personnel management. Author keywords: Leadership; Behavior; Objectives; Architect; Design process. Introduction Leadership has always...
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...CETM11- RESEARCH SKILLS AND ACADEMIC LITERACY PORTFOLIO ITEM 1 DATE: 26 OCTOBER 2012 TITTLE: TEAM PERSONALITIES AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT AUTHOR: KENANAO REGINALD MODIMOOFILE TEAM PERSONALITIES AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT. COMPARATIVE LITERATURE BASED ON TWO PAPERS INTRODUCTION This study is mainly a comparative literature review of two research papers which are both looking at Team personalities and Change management aspects within project management. The comparative study is based on research papers conducted by Crawford and Nahmias (2010) and Battilana, et al, 2010). The papers were carefully selected since they were all looking at the same concept of key abilities required to manage and execute change management projects. According to Crawford and Nahmias (2010), it was important to carry out this study to correctly address the question of who is the best person or profession suitable to manage major organisational transformations. The research was focusing on three people whom were seen as the right people to drive the organisational transformations and are as follows; Project Managers, Program Managers and Change Managers. The ideology was to assess their daily duties and come up with the best suitable competencies required to manage change. Looking at the second paper, Battilana, et al, 2010 indicated that there was increasing substantiation that transformation driver’s leadership features and behaviours determine the achievement or malfunction...
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...The four situational leadership models Abstract In this paper the team was asked to discuss the similarities and differences of the four situational leadership models. In the following paper I will discuss the SLT models which are Fielder’s Contingency Model, Vroom, Yetton and Jago Model, House’s Path-Goal Model, and Hersey-Blanchard theory. I will define the theories as well as compare and contrast the SLT models. Introduction to Situational Leadership Styles The situational theory model addresses the fact that “one size does not fit all” in the realm of leadership styles. There is no single best approach to manage a workforce; rather it is about choosing the appropriate leadership style for the right people to maximize communication and performance. Employee’s motivation is driven by a manager’s capability to adapt to their workforce and culture. These four SLT models combine a range of managerial styles that are tailored to adapt to the different personalities within an organization. Some are more flexible than others. Overall, they seek to expand the knowledge base on leadership theories and provides a more modern approach to understanding effective leadership models compared to the traditional model that states the same leadership tactics will be effective across the entire organization (Irgens, O. M. 1995). The following sections will provide insight into each of the models. Based on Fiedler’s theory, a leader’s behavior is dependent...
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...Reflective Personal Leadership Development Plan Gabriele Barnett University of Phoenix – School of Advanced Studies Reflective Leadership Plan In the past seven weeks I changed my view on leadership. I learned about various factors of leadership that I never considered before. This paper is a summary of my leadership style based on the assessment scores and interpretation of it. It will explain my strengths and weaknesses, address the gaps, and suggest action items on how to close these gaps. This paper will also provide a timeline, implementation methods, and how the plan will be assessed. Leadership Style My score for the Leadership Style assessment is an eight for people oriented and a nine for concern for tasks. This score shows a balanced task/people orientation (Pearson, 2007). According to Newson (2006), it falls into the role category of Implementer. An implementer takes followers’ suggestions and ideas and turns them in positive action. They are known to be efficient, self-disciplined, and reliable. Implementers are motivated by their loyalty to the organization and often take on projects that everyone else avoids. The almost even score for task/people orientation also shows a situational leadership style. According to Wren (1995) “it describes a way of adapting leadership behaviors to features of situation and the followers” (p.210). Situational leadership style suggests that leaders adjust their style to fit individual...
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...Leadership Approach Paper Eli Griffin LDR/531Organizational Leadership July 31, 2012 Norma Sutton Leadership Approach Paper This paper will indicate one of the major approaches in the studying of leadership. The paper will indicate the strengths and weaknesses that are a part of the chosen leadership approach. The paper will also indicate an example of an organization currently using the chosen leadership approach. According to Leadership Theories and Studies (2012),”Leadership is probably the most frequently studied topic in the organizational sciences. Thousands of leadership studies have been published and thousands of pages on leadership have been written in academic books and journals, business-oriented publications, and general-interest publications” (para. 2a). Individuals and researchers conducting a particular leadership study state that leadership has many definitions (Yuki, 2010). Yuki (2010) states “Researchers usually define leadership according to their individual perspectives and the aspects of the phenomenon of most interest to them. After a comprehensive review of the leadership literature which also indicates that there are almost as many definitions of leadership as there are persons who have attempted to define the concept” (p. 2a). Behavioral Leadership One of the major leadership approaches is the behavioral leadership study. Yuki (2010) stated,“ The behavior approach began in the early 1950’s after many researchers became discouraged with...
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...Running head: Relating Leadership Styles to Organizational Behavior 1 By Keta Johnson A Paper Submitted to Dr. Wanda Corner In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for BTM7001: Advanced Scholarly WritingError occured in marking Attendance. Some error occurred. Please try again. Error occurred in getting Attendance data. Advanced Scholarly Writingjhkkk Northcentral University Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration Specialization in Public Administration September 14, 2014 Running head: Relating Leadership Styles to Organizational 2 Relating Leadership Styles to Organizational Behavior Numerous studies have been conducted to demonstrate the various relationships between managers and subordinates. The purpose of this paper is to discuss a critical analysis of peer-reviewed articles in which researchers have addressed various leadership styles and how it affects employees. The literature review section will provide an analysis of the theoretical framework and case studies presented by authors. After analyzing the articles, the discussion and findings section will offer conclusions that can be drawn from the results; and also provide an interpretation of what the findings from the scholarly studies mean. The recommendations section will then identify what organizational leaders can do to address the gaps and/or the organizational leadership issues related to the literature review and discussion. Lastly, the conclusion section...
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...Running head: THE PATH- GOAL LEADERSHIP THEORY The Path Goal Leadership Theory Calvin D. Forehand MAN5355 Managerial Assessment & Development Everest University The Path-Goal Leadership Theory was developed by Robert House and contends that that a leader's behavior is contingent to the satisfaction, motivation and performance of her or his followers. The theory is called path-goal because its major concern is how the leader influences the subordinates’ perceptions of their work goals, personal goals and paths to goal attainment (Pierce and Newstrom, 2011). The path-goal theory also proposes that a leader’s actions and behavior is motivating to the degree that the behavior increases follower’s goal attainment and clarifies the paths to these goals. In this paper, I will discuss the four key leader behaviors associated with the path-goal theory of leadership. I will then show how the leader behavior relates to the University of Michigan and The Ohio State University leadership studies. Finally, I will discuss the conditions under which each leader behavior might be effective and the reason for this relationship. Robert House’s path-goal theory is based on the studies of Martin Evans in which state the leadership behaviors and the follower perceptions of the degree to which following a particular path will lead to a particular goal. House’s path-goal theory makes two propositions. The first is the leader behavior is acceptable and satisfying...
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...Top of Form Content Chapter 1 Introduction 4 Methodology 5 A. Data Source 5 B. Sample Size and Sampling 5 Technique Scope/Limitation of the work 5 Chapter 2 Literature review 6 Leadership Behavioral Approach of 7 Leadership i. Kurt Lewin at University of Iowa 8 ii. Ohio State Leadership Studies 8 iii. Michigan Leadership Studies 9 Chapter 3 Analyses and Discussion 11 Chapter 4 Conclusion and Recommendation 15 A. Conclusion 15 B. Recommendation 16 Appendix 17 Reference 18 Chapter 1 Introduction Yordanos Bar & Restaurant was opened 13 years ago, in 2000G.C.The location of this restaurant is in Addis Ababa, more specifically the area known as Stadium, on the way going to Ethiopia Hotel. To be more specific it is located at Kirkos Kifle Ketema. This restaurant was opened by Ato Abraham Niguse as a sole owner.This restaurant by the time it was open was having 4 middle size rooms for the customers, around 2 kitchens, a small bar, two toilets and 20 employees. Generally speaking, at this time it has an office for the owner, 7 rooms for customers, two employees changing rooms, a small bar, cashier space, 3 kitchens, one big Store, around 6-7 toilets for the customers and employees. The recent employees are more than 40 to mention them:- * General Manager (1) * Assistant Manage also hosts to meet, greet...
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...Behavior Leadership Approach Each person is uniquely and individually made. With this in mind, people do not think, look or even respond alike all the time. Leadership is a skill that individuals display using different techniques. Some leaders are received better than others. There are many forms of leadership. The common key to all approaches of leading is to understand what the definition of leadership is as it relates to the organization. Trait, behavior, power-influence, situational, and integrative approach have been examined by researchers in the study of leadership. This paper will provide an overview of the behavior approach study of leadership. Leadership has been defined in terms of traits, behaviors, influence, interaction patterns, role relationships, and occupation of an administrative position (Robbins & Judge, 2011). The meaning or explanation of leadership is an area that has been debated for years. Today most definitions of leadership reflect the assumption that it involves a process whereby intentional influence is exerted over other people to guide, structure, and facilitate activities, and relationships in a group or organization (Robbins & Judge, 2011). Behavior Approach The behavior approach is the result of researcher’s inability to produce steady results connecting individual’s traits with effective leadership. The shift moved from examining leaders traits to examining leader’s behaviors, in the early 1950s. Researchers began observing managers...
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...Leadership Approach Paper Zahíra Martínez LDR/531 May 28, 2012 Ben MC Collum Leadership Approach Paper During the reading of the paper the reader will be learning about the Behavioral Theory found as a result of study about leadership it has produced a multitude of perspectives and theories. The Behavioral Theory in one of few theories that can be found on the studies of leadership. Each theory has its pro and cons where not everyone can concord with the same opinion to each theory. The theory centers on what leaders actually do, rather than on their personal characteristics. The Ohio State leadership studies of the 1940s are the most well-known and influential research inquiry in this area (Bensimon et al., 1989; Hoy & Miskel, 1996; Bass, 1990). The leader behavior description questionnaire (LBDQ) established measures two basic dimensions of leadership: initiating structure (task oriented) and consideration (relationship oriented) (Hoy & Miskel). Since early studies using the LBDQ indicated that the two dimensions are separate and distinct, dividing each dimension into high or low sections can create four quadrants or leadership styles. According to the LBDQ, administrators are most effective when they score high in consideration and initiating structure. Another application of this perspective is the managerial grid developed by Blake and Mouton (1964). It measures a person's leadership style by "detecting the degree of concern for production (task oriented)...
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...Introduction The issue of leadership is a crucial matter in every facet of life. From the small society, that is the home to the larger society, leadership is one word that cannot be overlooked. This paper is intended to access personal leadership readiness by analyzing the traits, behaviors and attitudes of leaders and using them to analyze my own personal leadership traits, behaviors, and attitudes as well as my general readiness for leadership. It will also give some recommendations for my personal development to assist me in closing the gaps acknowledged in my analysis. However, before we go into all that, let us try to define leadership. What is leadership? Leadership is not a term that’s easily or simply defined. For decades, scholars, business leaders, and organizational researchers have continually refined the definition of leadership—based on their findings and experience, and the latest real-world models and situations. The variety of their theories about leadership stems from leadership’s multidimensional nature (Yukl, 2006). Hence, I will define leadership the ability to inspire people by providing purpose, direction, and motivation, while operating to achieve the mission and goals to improve the organization. (Durbin, 2010). Accessing leadership Attitudes and Behaviors .Leadership attitudes and behaviors come as a dual relationship. There is the task-oriented and the relationship oriented attitudes and behaviors. The task-oriented Attitudes and behaviors means...
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...Analysis Paper 3: A Tale of Two Coaches 1) Through your review of Fiedler's contingency model, would you say that the coaches are matched to their situation? Why or why not? Has this had an impact on their effectiveness? I believe that Coach Knight and Coach K are matched to their situation according to Fiedler’s Contingency Model. Contingency theory suggests that situations can be characterized in terms of three factors: leader–member relations, task structure, and position power (Northouse, 2010). 2) Using Situational Leadership II, provide evidence from the cases that show whether or not there is usage of the leadership styles by the two coaches, and adopt a position on whether or not you think the coaches are effective from this theoretical perspective. In: Business and Management Coach Analysis Case Analysis Paper 3: A Tale of Two Coaches Bonnie Hyatt Grand Canyon University Leadership Style and Development LDR-600 Kelly Jensen, MBA April 30, 2013 Case Analysis Paper 3: A Tale of Two Coaches Fiedler’s contingency theory is a “leader-match theory” (Northhouse, 2013, p. 135). It attempts to match the style of the leader with the situation and develop a match between the two. Coach Knight and Coach Krzyzewski (Coach K) were both effective in this leadership style because they produced winning teams. Coach Knight is a task driven leader who sores low on the least preferred co-worker scale (LPC). His primary focus was accomplishing the tasks. He did...
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...Leaders and Leadership in Organizations Abstract The success of an organization is dependent upon the leadership. Leadership is essential in providing vision, direction, and motivation. The purpose of this paper is to identify the importance of leadership in organizations by exploring leadership theories, styles, traits, and behaviors of effective leaders as well as challenges organizations face in developing and identifying effective leadership. Importance of Leadership Ultimately, the success and failure of an organization is dependent upon leadership. Although there are a number of factors impacting the performance of organizations, the quality of leadership remains at the key focal point. Effective leadership casts vision, provides direction, and influences organizational behavior, good or bad. Leadership academic studies agree leaders possess common qualities and attributes. Leadership styles may differ, but qualities and attributes remain consistent. The role of a leader is critical to the evolving dynamics of an organizational structure. Organizations are more aware of the role leadership has in their organization and are seeking leaders with the style, qualities and attributes needed (Yukl & Lepsinger 2008). An organizations understanding of leadership is often limited to assessing a leader’s ability to motivate others to go beyond what is expected, benefiting from subordinates full potential efforts. Influencing the group of an organization...
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...Determining Your Perfect Position Paper As employees of the Fire Department of Puerto Rico have to be alert for when the time to determine the position of leadership in an emergency, when you're meeting or shift manager. It is impressive as this is central government and not an organization as such but can be implemented at any time the leadership and people depend on us in any emergency. We need to identify our strengths and weaknesses, we have the perfect job as one would like to earn a lot of money the important thing is to achieve leadership position at the right time. Leadership, "is the ability to lead a team with a view towards achieving a number of objectives. In the opinion of the five major models of leadership, extraversion is the most important trait of extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability and openness to experience "(Robbins & Judge, 2011). They showed moderate strength in the following categories: kindness, emotional stability, openness to experience and awareness, with the openness to experience that has the lowest score. They showed high resistance to extraversion. People with positive emotional, security stand up well under pressure. "People with low scores can become anxious, insecure, nervous, or in the worst scenario when a heavy depressed" (Robbins & Judge, 2011). They has high scores in this area, so stress management is one of its strengths. A weakness that became evident through leadership assessment was openness to experience...
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...Fiedler’s Revolution Ryan Kemrite Liberty University Abstract This research paper deals with Fiedler’s model of contingency in leadership, specifically looking at his model and some criticism of the model. While there are indeed criticism for the model and its application, Fiedler undoubtable has a spot in the history of business for his revolutionary concepts in management styles. This research paper examines countless reviews, positive and negative, and asserts that Fiedler has without a doubt earned a special place for his work. This paper shows how Fiedler’s work affected generations of business and leaves a foundation for others in the business research field to follow. Keywords Fielder, Contingency model, Leadership, Management, Revolutionary. Fiedler Business throughout the ages has always changed and evolved and will continue to do so. Business is a fickle mistress as it reacts to the changing markets in the world and locally. These rapid changing markets make it difficult for any said business, firm or company to try and make profit. The goal of the firm should always be to maximize profit for the shareholders and owners of the company. When the goal of maximizing profits is realized it is a celebration. But worldwide businesses fail in big numbers. In just the United States alone, a large percent fail and drop out every year. About half of all new establishments survive five years or more and about one-third survive 10 years...
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