...Differentiated Strategies for Assessment Name: Course: Professor: Institution: Date: Effectiveness of Assessments Assessment is process teachers use to evaluate their students before, during and after learning with an aim of finding out what they know prior to learning and what they have learnt after the learning process. There different types of assessments each with its role. The pre-assessment is a type of assessment done by the teacher before learning begins to evaluate what the students know. It’s done to find out the skills and strengths and prior knowledge that students have before learning. The formative assessment is a type of assessment done during learning to ensure that the students master the concepts being taught in class. It helps the teacher identify the students that need additional help before a unit is completed. The teacher can give questions or assign students to groups and identify the weak students. The summative pre-assessment is done after learning. A teacher uses it to identify what the student has learnt and how effective the learning process (Chapman & Gregory, 2007). Teachers need to ensure students access their education needs equally irrespective of their diversities. This requires them to understand and appreciate the different cultures of the students and develop an assessment that will ensure effective and equitable educational experience for everyone. In order to develop an efficient assessment, the teacher needs first to research on the...
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...Evada Phone Inc. that will also provide Technology Enhanced Resource Materials (TRMs) for ESL tutors. 1.1.2 Specific Problems Specifically, the developer aims to answer the following problems: 1.1.2.1 How will the developed system maintain the following: modules, levels, examination, teacher, student, user and class schedule? The developed system will provide a maintenance module for the following: modules, levels, examination, teacher, student, user and class schedule. 1.1.2.2 How will the developed system secure vital information from unauthorized users? The developed system will provide a security module that ensures efficient system security with username and password maintained in a secured database. 1.1.2.3 How will the developed system automatically compute for the student’s performance? The developed system will provide a transaction module for the automatic computation of student grades based on their performance. 1.1.2.4 How will the developed system assign teacher to students? The developed system will provide a transaction module that will determine the availability of teachers per day/hour to assign them to students. 1.1.2.5. How will the developed system secure the availability of online examination for the students? The developed system will provide a transaction module for the online examination of students based on what they learned from their modules....
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...need to know the learner as much as possible. A teacher is responsible for meeting the needs of different individuals or different groups of students who are learning together at any time. It is essential that a teacher must find a method of differentiating between learners in order to personalise learning to individual needs. This can be done by introducing a number of Initial and diagnostic assessments at the start of the students learning. It is an essential part of the learners needs to carry out assessments and was recognised as far back as 1904 when Alfred Binet, a French psychologist, developed the first intelligence test, which was to spark of the interest in individual variations. Since 1904 there have been many different tools developed to define the differences in learning styles (http://www.ehow.com/about_5381758_history-learning-styles). A) Identify a range of initial and diagnostic assessment tools: Initial and diagnostic assessments should involve a range of different styles and approaches, as each assessment will enable you to learn more about your student skills and identify their individual needs. There are a number of initial diagnostic assessments that a teacher can use to get to know their learner i.e. talking to the learner during an initial interview, paper based and computer based assessment, learning styles questionnaire and a VAK learning styles assessment. Two specific diagnostic assessment tools...
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...istockphoto Evaluating Teacher Effectiveness How Teacher Performance Assessments Can Measure and Improve Teaching Linda Darling-Hammond October 2010 w w w.americanprogress.org Evaluating Teacher Effectiveness How Teacher Performance Assessments Can Measure and Improve Teaching Linda Darling-Hammond October 2010 Contents 1 Introduction and Summary 5 Why performance assessments are needed 7 National Board Certification 9 Assessment of beginning teachers 11 Prospects for a national system of Teacher Performance Assessments 12 How performance assessments can help teachers improve their practice 17 Improving preparation through the use of performance assessments 22 Policy recommendations and conclusion Introduction and Summary Parents, practitioners, and policymakers agree that the key to improving public education in America is placing highly skilled and effective teachers in all classrooms. Yet the nation still lacks a practical set of standards and assessments that can guarantee that teachers, particularly new teachers, are well prepared and ready to teach. This report discusses a promising approach to the question of how to measure teacher effectiveness. Specifically, it describes the ways in which assessments of teacher performance for licensing and certification can both reflect and predict teachers’ success with children so that they can not only inform personnel decisions, but also...
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...strategies when discussing the teaching of students with disabilities. This paper will discuss each framework and its use within the classroom. Terminology Research Project Teaching students with learning disabilities presents difficulties for teachers utilizing traditional teaching strategies. “As every veteran teacher realizes, students with learning disabilities and other learning disorders may be less engaged in the learning task, unable to cope with multiple instructions, and poorly organized in their thinking and work habits when compared with students without disabilities.” (Bender, 2012, p.1) With this in mind, experts in the field have, over the course of time, developed several frameworks to support students with learning disabilities in the classroom. These frameworks of differentiated instruction, The Universal Design for Learning (UDL), Response to Intervention (RTI), and the use of technology in the classroom, uphold the notion that students with learning disabilities are in fact capable of learning through alternative methods of instruction. Differentiated Instruction Through differentiated instruction, teachers anticipate and act on student needs within a classroom. In order to meet each student’s needs, teachers make changes to the way the...
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...Assessing and Planning Skills: Direct Assistance to Teachers The dynamic responsibilities of a supervisor demand a diverse skill set in order to effectively envision, communicate, plan, achieve, and reflect on the progress, or lack of, toward the school’s vision or mission statement. A pivotal component of this progression is a supervisor’s ability to effectively empower teachers and staff in their professional development by effectively evaluating the needs, styles, and preferences of the staff. With this in mind, this essay will compare and contrasts two strategies utilized to support teachers in their growth toward professional goals; clinical supervision and peer coaching. Further, this essay will identify the strengths and weaknesses of each model and how they use assessing and planning skills. Each model uniquely contributes to the supervisory process using diverse methods, developed in the educational community over the past six decades. The initial model of clinical supervision was outlined by Robert Goldhammer in 1969, included five steps the pre-observation, conference, observation, analysis and strategy, supervision conference, post-conference. In 1973, Morris Cogan elaborated on Goldhammer's work and described a clinical model of supervision consisting of eight steps, establishing the teacher-supervision relationship, planning with teacher, planning the strategy of observation, observing instruction, analyzing the teaching learning process, planning the strategy...
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...registered trademark of Cambridge International Examinations © Cambridge International Examinations 2014 Contents 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Why choose Cambridge? Why choose Cambridge IGCSE? Why choose Cambridge IGCSE Economics? Cambridge ICE (International Certificate of Education) How can I find out more? 2. Teacher support.............................................................................................................. 5 2.1 Support materials 2.2 Resource lists 2.3 Training 3. Syllabus content at a glance ........................................................................................... 6 4. Assessment at a glance ................................................................................................. 8 5. Syllabus aims and assessment objectives ..................................................................... 9 5.1 Syllabus aims 5.2 Assessment objectives and their weightings 6. Syllabus content ..............................................................................................................
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...Curricular Components Teachers need to apply the three UDL principles to four curricular components: Goals (learning expectations) Learning goals are important facets of the UDL framework as they guide lessons and student outcomes. It is important that goals are clear and take student differences into account. They allow teachers to offer students various options and provide alternatives through scaffolding, pathways, and strategies. Goals developed through traditional curriculum focus on the content and performance of goals whereas UDL goals focus on developing student skills. For example: A traditional learning goal for a history lesson would be: The students will quietly read a chapter about World War II and write a 500 word handwritten response about the causes of the war. A UDL goal would be: Students will learn about and present information about factors contributing to the causes of World War II. The main goal of the lesson is for students to learn about the factors that contributed to the start of...
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...This paper will define and explain and provide examples of several characteristic features of performance assessments. This paper will also examine if the topic impacts curriculum and standards, and will critically analyze if the impact seems appropriate. Body Generally speaking, coming to terms with a good definition of performance assessments, from Frey and Schmitt points of view, was difficult to capture. Although they made mention of classroom assessments (performance, authentic, and formative), they compared and contrasted other scholars views. Therefore, my focus shifted to additional articles. According to the Education Consumer Guide, performance assessment also known as alternative or authentic assessments, is a form of testing that requires students to perform a task rather than select an answer from a ready-made list. For example, a student may be asked to explain historical events, generate scientific hypotheses, solve math problems, converse in a foreign language, or conduct research on an assigned topic (Office of Research, Sep 93). As you see from the examples above, performance assessments require the student to display or show what they can do. This performance can take the form of responding to an activity by assessing their thinking, problem solving, or writing abilities to name a few. Several features or methods of assessing student’s performance are currently being used. My discussion will briefly explain and provide examples of the following...
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... | | |expectations and/or performance |and/or performance indicators are not |adequately noted. Performance indicators|learning expectations. Performance | | | |indicators. |listed in sufficient detail. |are listed and the plan shows how they |indicators are clearly defined and are | | | | | |are measured. |easily measured. | | |Procedures and Learning |Teacher preparation and timeline is |The plan identifies some teacher |The plan lists teacher preparation and |The plan...
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...other things such as , teachers,learning styles, and the culture of the school itself affect a child’s education. African American students at Forest high experience school differently than Whites. For example, many students at school were they are the minority report they feel less connected to school than do their White peers; many Black students contend that they are forced to participate in a system that has little regard for their culture, values, beliefs and cultural-specific behaviors. I believe that is the case at Forest High which is predominately white. Moreover, the belief that their academic performance is compared to a standard based on White, middle-class society and culture is common among Black students. African American students report feeling particularly venerable because of negative serotypes and perceptions about their group (Polite & Davis, 1999). Another issued or trend that affects Forest High is the lack of minority teachers, especially black. The majority (84%) of the U.S. teaching force is White and middle-class. The majority of those are women. Moreover, 38% of the nation’s public schools do not have a teacher of color on staff (U.S. Department of Education, 2007). As a result, most teachers are not knowledgeable about Black culture and the learning needs of Black students, as they have limited contact with Black communities. The result is a force of grossly underprepared teachers (Zamani-Gallaher & Polite, 2010). Teachers’ lack of cultural awareness...
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...CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL Caribbean Certificate of Secondary Level Competence® SOCIAL STUDIES SYLLABUS Effective for examinations from May–June 2014 CXC CCSLC/SS/05/12 Published in Jamaica, 2012 by Ian Randle Publishers 11 Cunningham Avenue P O Box 686 Kingston 6 www.ianrandlepublishers.com © 2012, Caribbean Examinations Council ISBN ---------------------------------------- (pbk) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior permission of the author or publisher. Cover and book design by Ian Randle Publishers Correspondence related to the syllabus should be addressed to: The Pro-Registrar Caribbean Examinations Council Caenwood Centre 37 Arnold Road, Kingston 5, Jamaica Telephone Number: +1 (876) 630-5200 Facsimile Number: +1 (876) 967-4972 E-mail Address: cxcwzo@cxc.org Website: www.cxc.org Copyright © 2012 by Caribbean Examinations Council The Garrison, St Michael BB14038, Barbados CXC CCSLC/SS/05/12 This document CXC CCSLC/SS/05/12 replaces CXC CCSLC/SS/05/2006 issued in 2006. Please note that the syllabus has been revised and amendments are indicated by italics. First issued 2006 Revised 2012 Please check the website www.cxc.org for updates on CXC’s syllabuses. CXC CCSLC/SS/05/12 Contents INTRODUCTION .......................................................
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...To identify skills in literacy and oral language the student will need to be able speak at a volume that all can hear and write at a level appropriate age level skill for that student. Students should develop or have developed appropriate volume level to speak at. To have the ability to pronounce words and have the ability to use the tongue and lips to produce speech sounds. Students should speak in a controlled tempo this means they should be able to talk at a pace that is easy to understand not to fast as people will have trouble understand or to slow where people get bored of listening. Students should have an appropriate vocabulary when understanding when listening, reading, speaking and how to communicate effectively. Writing help develop strengthen fine motor skill, and when students are writing they need to have developed skills that support the thinking process on coherence and...
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...CHART Characteristics | Argument | Counter-argument | Education | All students can learn: The process is important. Content can be learned through real-life examples and situations that the student can experience. The instructor and students are partners in education where teamwork=success. | Not all students can learn: The content is most important. Content can be learned through rote memory skills. The instructor is the central figure that disseminates information to the “empty minds” of the students. Success is individual and based on grades. | Assessments | Assessment is linked to success: Teacher uses results to update teaching methods. Student competencies are developed and improved. All students assumed capable. | Assessment is linked to proof of knowledge: Students are tested to prove knowledge of content and are classified according to scores. Some are weeded out, not allowed to graduate or have to re-take the test or entire course. | Classroom Environment | The classroom environment is important to teaching and learning: The physical space is adjusted to meet learner diversity. Desk and classroom arrangement promotes interactivity, active learning, and positive interaction. The climate is flexible and meets the diversity of all learner needs. Cooperation and active learning is emphasized through a variety of student-centered activities. | The environment is not a consideration for teaching and learning: The physical space is not orderly or organized and does...
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...EXPERIENTAL LEARNING COURSES FS FIELD STUDY 5 * Your Tools As you observe a class, note down your significant observation of the performance-based activity in the classroom. Then, make a checklist of the important things you wish to consider in your assessment planning. For these tasks, please use the Activity Forms provided for you. For your proposed plan for process-oriented assessment, it is recommended that you use the format that you agreed in your Assessment-2 class. Please remember that the rubrics are part and parcel of your assessment plan. OBSERVATION NOTES | Name of the School Observed: Cagayan State University Andrews CampusYear level & Section: III-J Subject Area: Social ScienceSubject Matter: Micro and Macro Economics Topic: Four Production ProblemsObserved teacher: Mr. Roger Ramos Objective: Perform a simple role-play showing ways on how to solve the four production problems. | Describe in bullets the performance-based activity you observe. * The performance-based assessment task that was given to us portrays real-life situation wherein we were able to use and apply the information we acquired during the discussion. It was an authentic assessment task that is embedded in a context that has some meaning or purpose beyond school or beyond the bounds of the classroom lesson or unit. * It involves all domains of learning: * Cognitive- we are able to use the information that we acquired by thinking on what possible way...
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